verbfirst conjugation
praecipitō
praecipitō (present infinitive praecipitāre, perfect active praecipitāvī, supine praecipitātum)
Classical[prae̯ˈkɪ.pɪ.toː]Ecclesiastical[preˈt͡ʃiː.pi.to]
Meaning
- to cast down; to throw headlong
- to precipitate
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
in praeceps dēiciōpraecipitō -āre — in IVLIANVS II: Imperium, ch. 19
Conjugation conjugation 1
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | praecipitō | praecipitābam | praecipitābō | praecipitāvī | praecipitāveram | praecipitāverō praecipitārō |
| 2nd sg. | praecipitās | praecipitābās | praecipitābis | praecipitāvistī praecipitāstī | praecipitāverās praecipitārās | praecipitāveris |
| 3rd sg. | praecipitat | praecipitābat | praecipitābit | praecipitāvit | praecipitāverat praecipitārat | praecipitāverit praecipitārit |
| 1st pl. | praecipitāmus | praecipitābāmus | praecipitābimus | praecipitāvimus | praecipitāverāmus | praecipitāverimus praecipitārimus |
| 2nd pl. | praecipitātis | praecipitābātis | praecipitābitis | praecipitāvistis praecipitāstis | praecipitāverātis praecipitārātis | praecipitāveritis praecipitāritis |
| 3rd pl. | praecipitant | praecipitābant | praecipitābunt | praecipitāvērunt praecipitāvēre, praecipitārunt | praecipitāverant praecipitārant | praecipitāverint praecipitārint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | praecipitem | praecipitārem | praecipitāverim praecipitārim | praecipitāvissem praecipitāssem |
| 2nd sg. | praecipitēs | praecipitārēs | praecipitāverīs | praecipitāvissēs praecipitāssēs |
| 3rd sg. | praecipitet | praecipitāret | praecipitāverit praecipitārit | praecipitāvisset praecipitāsset |
| 1st pl. | praecipitēmus | praecipitārēmus | praecipitāverīmus praecipitārīmus | praecipitāvissēmus praecipitāssēmus |
| 2nd pl. | praecipitētis | praecipitārētis | praecipitāverītis praecipitārītis | praecipitāvissētis praecipitāssētis |
| 3rd pl. | praecipitent | praecipitārent | praecipitāverint praecipitārint | praecipitāvissent praecipitāssent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | praecipitor | praecipitābar | praecipitābor |
| 2nd sg. | praecipitāris praecipitāre | praecipitābāris praecipitābāre | praecipitāberis praecipitābere |
| 3rd sg. | praecipitātur | praecipitābātur | praecipitābitur |
| 1st pl. | praecipitāmur | praecipitābāmur | praecipitābimur |
| 2nd pl. | praecipitāminī | praecipitābāminī | praecipitābiminī |
| 3rd pl. | praecipitantur | praecipitābantur | praecipitābuntur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | praecipiter | praecipitārer |
| 2nd sg. | praecipitēris praecipitēre | praecipitārēris praecipitārēre |
| 3rd sg. | praecipitētur | praecipitārētur |
| 1st pl. | praecipitēmur | praecipitārēmur |
| 2nd pl. | praecipitēminī | praecipitārēminī |
| 3rd pl. | praecipitentur | praecipitārentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | praecipitā | praecipitāre |
| pres. 2nd pl. | praecipitāte | praecipitāminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | praecipitātō | praecipitātor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | praecipitātō | praecipitātor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | praecipitātōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | praecipitantō | praecipitantor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | praecipitāre | praecipitārī |
| perfect infinitive | praecipitāvisse praecipitāsse | praecipitātum esse |
| future infinitive | praecipitātūrum esse | praecipitātum īrī |
| present participle | praecipitāns | — |
| perfect participle | — | praecipitātus praecipitāta, praecipitātā, praecipitātae, praecipitātam, praecipitātārum, praecipitātās, praecipitātī, praecipitātōrum, praecipitātōs |
| future participle | praecipitātūrus praecipitātūra, praecipitātūrā, praecipitātūrae, praecipitātūram, praecipitātūrārum, praecipitātūrās, praecipitātūre, praecipitātūrī, praecipitātūrīs, praecipitātūrō, praecipitātūrōrum, praecipitātūrōs, praecipitātūrum | praecipitandus praecipitanda, praecipitandā, praecipitandae, praecipitandam, praecipitandārum, praecipitandās, praecipitande, praecipitandīs, praecipitandōrum, praecipitandōs |
gerundpraecipitandī, praecipitandō, praecipitandumsupinepraecipitātum, praecipitātū
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- praecipitem agi, ire
- to be ruined, undone.
- praecipitem se fugae mandare
- to flee headlong.
- praecipitem ire; in praeceps deferri
- to fall down headlong.
- praecipitem in iram esse (Liv. 23. 7)
- to be short-tempered; to be prone to anger.
- Nilus praecipitat ex altissimis montibus
- the Nile rushes down from very high mountains.
- praecipitem ferri aliqua re (Verr. 5. 46. 121)
- to be carried away by something.
- aliquem ex altissimo dignitatis gradu praecipitare (Dom. 37. 98)
- to depose, bring down a person from his elevated position.
praecĭpĭto, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. and n. praeceps,
I. to throw or cast down headlong, to precipitate (class.; syn.. deicio, deturbo, proruo).
I. Act.
A. Lit.:
pilae in mare praecipitatae, Nep. Alcib. 6 fin.: truncas rupes in tecta domosque, Stat. Th. 10, 881: currum scopulis, hurl or dash against, Ov. M. 15, 518: pinus, Stat. Achill. 2, 546.— Freq. with se or pass. in middle sense: se e Leucade, Cic. Tusc. 4, 18, 41: se a tecto, Sen. Ep. 4, 4: se de turri, Liv. 23, 37: sese in fossas, Caes. B. C. 3, 69: praecipitasse se quosdam constabat (sc. de muro), threw themselves from the wall, Liv. 23, 19, 6; Hor. S. 2, 3, 277: plerique semet ipsi praecipitaverunt, Liv. 21, 14, 1: se in Tiberim, id. 4, 12, 11; Caes. B. G. 4, 15; Curt. 4, 16, 16; 6, 6, 32; Auct. B. Alex. 18: ubi Nilus praecipitans se fragore auditum accolis aufert, Plin. 6, 29, 35, § 118: praecipitare volens etiam pulcherrima, to throw overboard, Juv. 12, 38.—Mid.: cum alii super vallum praecipitarentur, threw themselves down, Sall. J. 58, 6; Ov. F. 4, 164; id. M. 7, 760; 11, 556: lux Praecipitatur aquis, sinks in the ocean, sets, id. ib. 4, 92; cf.: hac te praecipitato, run this way, for life! Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 36.—Absol.: si quando iis (parvis) ludentes minamur, praecipitaturos alicunde, extimescunt, that we will throw them down from any place (= nos eos dejecturos), Cic. Fin. 5, 11, 31.—2. Transf., in gen., to bend a thing down:
vitem, Cato, R. R. 32, 2: partem (vitis), Col. 4, 20, 4: palmitem, id. 5, 6, 33.—B. Trop.
1. To throw, hurl, or cast down, to precipitate: praecipitari ex altissimo dignitatis gradu, Cic. Dom. 37, 98; cf.:
in tanta mala praeeipitatus ex patrio regno, Sall. J. 14, 23.— Esp. with reflex. pron.: semet ipse praecipitare, to hasten to ruin, destroy one's self, Sall. J. 41, 9: se in exitium, Cels. 3, 21: se in insidias, Liv. 3, 18, 7 dub. (Madv. omits se): furor iraque mentem Praecipitant, carry away, urge onward, sway violently, Verg. A. 2, 317: spem festinando praecipitare, Ov. P. 3, 1, 140: in senectam praecipitare, to cause to grow old prematurely, Plin. 17, 12, 19, § 94: quosdam praecipitat subjecta potentia magnae Invidiae, Juv. 10, 56.—In pass., Cic. Rep. 2, 23, 43: nox praecipitata, declining, i. e. drawing to a close, Ov. Tr. 1, 3, 47; cf.: aetas praecipitata (opp. adulescens), declining age, Mat. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 5.—2. To hasten, hurry a thing (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose):
quae Praecipitent obitum, hasten their setting, Cic. Arat. 349: vindemiam, Col. 3, 21, 10: consulta viri, Sil. 3, 166: ne praecipitetur editio, Quint. Ep. ad Tryph. 2: consilia raptim praecipitata, precipitate, Liv. 31, 32.—Poet.: moras, i. e. exchange delay for haste, Verg. A. 8, 443; 12, 699: Tiphyn pelago parari praecipitat, Val. Fl. 2, 390: cursum, Juv. 15, 78.—3. With acc. and inf., to hasten, press, urge to do any thing (poet.):
dare tempus Praecipitant curae, Verg. A. 11, 3: si praecipitant miserum cognoscere curae, Stat. Th. 1, 679. —II. Neutr., to hasten or rush down, to throw one's self down, rush headlong, sink rapidly, to fall (class., but only of involuntary falling; cf. I. A.).
A. Lit.:
praecipitare istuc quidem est, non descendere, Cic. N. D. 1, 32, 90: de montibus altis ad terram, Lucr. 4, 1021: ubi Nilus praecipitat ex altissimis montibus, Cic. Rep. 6, 18, 19; cf.: Fibrenus ... statim praecipitat in Lirem, id. Leg. 2, 3, 6: and: in amni praecipitante, id. de Or. 3, 48, 186: nimbi In vada praecipitant, Verg. A. 9, 670; 11, 617: in fossam, Liv. 25, 11, 6; 7, 6, 9; 38, 2, 14; 39, 2, 3: in insidias, id. 2, 51; 5, 18; Plin. 11, 24, 28, § 82: non fugis hinc praeceps, dum praecipitare potestas? Verg. A. 4, 565: sol praecipitans, Cic. de Or. 3, 55, 209: jam nox caelo Praecipitat, is sinking, draws to a close, Verg. A. 2, 9: hiems jam praecipitaverat, had closed, come to an end, Caes. B. C. 3, 25.—B. Trop.
1. To fall down, to fall, rush, or sink to ruin:
qui in amorem Praecipitavit, pejus perit quam si saxo saliat, Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 31: praecipitantes impellere, certe est inhumanum, Cic. Rab. Post. 1, 2; so, praecipitantem impellamus, id. Clu. 26, 70: ubi non subest, quo praecipitet ac decidat, he may tumble down, id. Rep. 1, 45, 69: praecipitante re publicā, id. Sull. 1, 1; cf. id. ib. 31, 87; and: cum ad Cannas praecipitasset Romana res, Liv. 27, 40: ad exitium praecipitans, Cic. Att. 3, 15, 7.—2. To be too hasty:
cum vitiosum sit adsentiri quicquam aut falsum aut incognitum, sustinenda est potius omnis adsensio, ne praecipitet, si temere processerit, Cic. Ac. 2, 21, 68.—Hence, praecĭpĭ-tanter, adv., hastily, precipitately: agens mannos ad villam, Lucr. 3, 1063.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
praecipitō āvī, ātus, āre
praeceps, to throw headlong, cast down, hurl down, precipitate : p<*>ae in mare praecipitatae, N.: currum scopulis, hurl against , O.: se ex altissimo muro: sese in fossas, Cs.: se (sc. de muro), L.: se in Tiberim, L.: se in medios ignīs, Cu.: etiam pulcherrima, throw overboard , Iu.: cum alii super vallum praecipitarentur, threw themselves down , S.: lux Praecipitatur aquis, sets in the ocean , O.: hac te praecipitato, run this way for life! T.: iis (parvis) minari, praecipitaturos alicunde, threaten to throw them down.—To rush down, throw oneself down, rush headlong, sink rapidly, drop, tumble, fall (of involuntary falling): statim praecipitat in Lirem: nimbi In vada praecipitant, V.: in fossam, L.: sol praecipitans: iam nox caelo Praecipitat, is sinking , V.: hiems iam praecipitaverat, had come to an end , Cs.—Fig., to throw down, hurl down, precipitate : praecipitari ex altissimo dignitatis gradu: semet ipse praecipitare, destroy oneself , S.: se in insidias, L.: furor iraque mentem Praecipitant, carry headlong , V.: quosdam praecipitat potentia Invidiae, Iu.: nox praecipitata, declining , O.— To hasten, hurry : quae Praecipitent obitum, hasten their setting : praecipitata raptim consilia, precipitate , L.: moras, i. e. exchange for haste , V.: dare tempus Praecipitant curae, hasten , V.— To fall down, fall, sink, be ruined : ubi non subest, quo praecipitet, may tumble down : cum ad Cannas praecipitasset Romana res, L.: ad exitium praecipitans.— To be too hasty, be precipitate : sustinenda est adsensio, ne praecipitet: praecipitare istuc quidem est, non descendere, to jump at a conclusion .
Origins
From praeceps (“head foremost, headlong”) + -ō, from prae- (“before”) + caput (“head”).
Descendants
- Catalanprecipitar
- Frenchprécipiter
- Romanianprecipitafrom French précipiter
- Italianprecipitare
- Portugueseprecipitar
- Spanishprecipitar
- Galicianprecipitar
In English words that came into English from praecipitō
- precipitatepraecipitātus
- precipitationpraecipitatio
- precipitantpraecipitans