verbsecond conjugation, no perfect or supine stems
polleō
polleō (present infinitive pollēre)
Classical[ˈpɔl.le.oː]Ecclesiastical[ˈpɔl.le.o]
Meaning
- to be strong or powerful; to prevail
Tū illō diē, Jūpiter, populum Rōmānum sīc ferītō, ut ego hunc porcum hīc hodiē feriam, tantōque magis ferītō, quantō magis potes pollēsque.
On that day, o Jove, make a covenant with the people of Rome in the same way as to how today I strike this pig; may you fulfill your convenant as much as you can and are able to. - to be potent, to operate (of medicines)
- to be worth; to have importance
- to be rich in
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
potēns, validuspollēns -entis — in Metamorphoses I, ch. 11
Choosing the right word Döderlein's Latin Synonyms
Posse · Quire · Valere · Pollere
1. Posse and quire were originally transitive; posse (from πότνιος) denotes being able, as a consequence of power and strength, like δύνασθαι; quire (κοεῖν) as the consequence of complete qualification, like οἷόν τ’ εἶναι. Cic. Tusc. ii. 27. Barbari ferro decertare acerrime possunt, viriliter ægrotare non queunt; whereas valere and pollere are intransitive. Hence we say, possum or queo vincere, but valeo or polleo ad vincendum. 2. Valere (from ἑλεῖν) means to possess the right measure of strength, and thereby to match another, in opp. to insufficient strength, like σθένειν; whereas pollere (πολλός) means to have very considerable strength and means, and thereby to distinguish one’s self from others, in opp. to an ordinary degree of strength, like ἰσχύειν. iv. (160.)
Conjugation conjugation 2 perfect
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | polleō | pollēbam | pollēbō | — | — | — |
| 2nd sg. | pollēs | pollēbās | pollēbis | — | — | — |
| 3rd sg. | pollet | pollēbat | pollēbit | — | — | — |
| 1st pl. | pollēmus | pollēbāmus | pollēbimus | — | — | — |
| 2nd pl. | pollētis | pollēbātis | pollēbitis | — | — | — |
| 3rd pl. | pollent | pollēbant | pollēbunt | — | — | — |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | polleam | pollērem | — | — |
| 2nd sg. | polleās | pollērēs | — | — |
| 3rd sg. | polleat | pollēret | — | — |
| 1st pl. | polleāmus | pollērēmus | — | — |
| 2nd pl. | polleātis | pollērētis | — | — |
| 3rd pl. | polleant | pollērent | — | — |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | polleor | pollēbar | pollēbor |
| 2nd sg. | pollēris pollēre | pollēbāris pollēbāre | pollēberis pollēbere |
| 3rd sg. | pollētur | pollēbātur | pollēbitur |
| 1st pl. | pollēmur | pollēbāmur | pollēbimur |
| 2nd pl. | pollēminī | pollēbāminī | pollēbiminī |
| 3rd pl. | pollentur | pollēbantur | pollēbuntur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | pollear | pollērer |
| 2nd sg. | polleāris polleāre | pollērēris pollērēre |
| 3rd sg. | polleātur | pollērētur |
| 1st pl. | polleāmur | pollērēmur |
| 2nd pl. | polleāminī | pollērēminī |
| 3rd pl. | polleantur | pollērentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | pollē | pollēre |
| pres. 2nd pl. | pollēte | pollēminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | pollētō | pollētor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | pollētō | pollētor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | pollētōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | pollentō | pollentor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | pollēre | pollērī |
| perfect infinitive | pollisse | — |
| present participle | pollēns pollente, pollentem, pollentēs, pollentī, pollentia, pollentibus, pollentis, pollentīs, pollentium | — |
| future participle | — | pollendus pollenda, pollendā, pollendae, pollendam, pollendārum, pollendās, pollende, pollendīs, pollendōrum, pollendōs |
gerundpollendī, pollendō, pollendum
pollĕo (polet, pollet:
I.
quia nondum geminabant antiqui consonantes, Fest. p. 205 Müll.), ēre, v. n. potis-valeo. I. Lit.
A. In gen., to be strong, powerful, or potent, to be able, to prevail, avail (class.; cf.: valeo, possum): QVANTO MAGIS POTES POLLESQVE, an old formula in Liv. 1, 24, 8:
potest polletque (populus), Liv. 8, 33; Plaut. As. 3, 3, 46: qui plus pollet potiorque est patre, old poet ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 69: pollere, regnare, dominari, Cic. Rep. 3, 12, 21: qui in republicā tum plurimum pollebant, Caes. B. C. 1, 4: polleo plurimum inter homines, id. ap. Suet. Caes. 6; Cic. Brut. 51, 90: ad fidem faciendam justitia plus pollet, id. Off. 2, 9, 34: cum Romana majestas toto orbe polleret, Flor. 4, 2, 8.—With subj.-clause: is omnibus exemplo debet esse, quantum in hac urbe polleat, multorum obedire tempori, Cic. Brut. 69, 242.—(b). With abl.:
formā, Prop. 3, 8 (4, 9), 17: pecuniā, Suet. Caes. 19: armis, Tac. A. 11, 24: gloriā antiquitatis, id. ib. 4, 55: nobilitate, id. H. 3, 45: malis artibus, id. A. 14, 57: gratiā, id. H. 2, 92. —B. In partic., of medicines, to be potent or efficacious, to operate:
herba contra anginas efficacissime pollet, is a powerful specific, Plin. 24, 19, 110, § 171: pollet adversus scorpiones, id. 20, 16, 63, § 171: aurum plurimis modis pollet in remediis, id. 33, 4, 25, § 84; 28, 8, 29, § 114.—II. Transf.
A. To be of worth, to be valued, esteemed, Plin. 19, 3, 17, § 47:
cum eadem vitis aliud aliis in locis polleat, id. 14, 6, 8, § 70.—B. To possess in abundance, be rich in:
utensilibus, App. M. 2, 19.—Hence, pollens, entis, P. a., strong, mighty, able, powerful, potent (mostly since the Aug. period; not in Cic.): genus pollens atque honoratissumum, Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 28: animus, abunde pollens potensque, Sall. J. 1, 3: potens pollensque, Liv. 2, 34; Inscr. Grut. 50, 3: genus pollens, Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 28: classis plurimum pollens mari, Vell. 1, 2: mens pollentior, Tert. adv. Psych. 6: pollentissima ingenia, Sol. 2 med.—With abl.: sagittis pollens dea, Naev. ap. Macr. 6, 5 (Trag. Rel. p. 11 Rib.): equo pollens, Ov. Tr. 3, 10, 55: opibus, Lucr. 1, 61: venenis, Val. Fl. 6, 85.—With gen.: vini pollens Liber, Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 21 (Fleck. as one word, vinipollens).—With acc.: soror cuncta pollentis viri, Argolica Juno, Sen. Agam. 805.—With inf.: tractare sereno Imperio vulgum pollens, Sil. 14, 80; Luc. 6, 685.—Hence, adv.: pollenter, powerfully (post-class.); comp. pollentius, Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 254.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
polleō —, —, ēre
pote+valeo, to be strong, be powerful, flourish, thrive, be able, prevail, avail : quanto magis potes pollesque, L. (old form.): in re p. plurimum, Cs.: terrā marique, L.: tantum series pollet, H.: quantum in hac urbe polleat servire, etc.
Origins
A stative verb in -eō, -ēre originally meaning “to be full”, based on a then lost factitive nasal-infixed present from Proto-Indo-European *pl̥-né-h₁-ti ~ *pl̥-n-h₁-énti (“to fill”), from the root *pleh₁- (“to fill; full”). According to De Vaan, the original third-conjugation verb *polnō might have been displaced by pleō (“to fill”), which reflects the original root aorist.
Descendants
- Italianpollere
In English words that came into English from polleō
- equipollentaequipollēns
- prepollentpraepollēns
- pollentpollēns