adjectivefirst/second-declension adjective (nominative masculine singular in -er)
piger
piger (feminine pigra, neuter pigrum, comparative pigrior, superlative pigerrimus)
Classical[ˈpɪ.ɡɛr]Ecclesiastical[ˈpiː.d͡ʒer]
Meaning
- adjectivebackward, slow, dull, lazy, indolent, sluggish, unwilling, motionless, inactive, inert
- adjectiveunwilling, reluctant, averse
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
sēgnis, labōris fugiēnspiger -gra -grum — in Evangelium secundum Matthaeum, ch. 23
tardus, quī sē movēre nōn vultpiger -gra -grum — in Metamorphoses I, ch. 3
lazy
piger -gra -grum — in De Bello Gallico III
Declension
| form | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | in -er piger | pigra | pigrum |
| genitive | pigrī | pigrae | pigrī |
| dative | pigrō | pigrae | pigrō |
| accusative | pigrum | pigram | pigrum |
| ablative | pigrō | pigrā | pigrō |
| vocative | piger | pigra | pigrum |
| form | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | pigrī | pigrae | pigra |
| genitive | pigrōrum | pigrārum | pigrōrum |
| dative | pigrīs | pigrīs | pigrīs |
| accusative | pigrōs | pigrās | pigra |
| ablative | pigrīs | pigrīs | pigrīs |
| vocative | pigrī | pigrae | pigra |
pĭger, gra, grum (late Lat. collat. form of
I. sup. pigrissimus, Tert. Exhort. ad Castit. 13), adj. piget.
I. Lit., unwilling, reluctant, averse (rare):
gens pigerrima ad militaria opera, Liv. 21, 25, 6: pigriores ad facinus, id. 39, 13, 11: pigriores ad cetera munia exequenda, Curt. 6, 9, 29: ad litteras scribendas pigerrimus, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 1, 1: ad conatus magnos piger, Sen. Ira, 3, 3, 1.—II. Transf.
A. Backward, slow, dull, lazy, indolent, sluggish, inactive (of persons and things).
(a). With in and abl.:
interdum piger, interdum timidus in re militari videbare, Cic. Fam. 7, 17, 1.—(b). Absol.:
taurus ipsā mole piger, Juv. 12, 12: mare pigrum ac prope immotum, i. e. flowing slowly, sluggish, Tac. G. 45: pigrum mare et grave, id. Agr. 10: palus, Ov. P. 4, 10, 61: annus, that moves lazily, passes slowly, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 21: bellum, that advances slowly, Ov. F. 2, 727: campus, unfruitful, Hor. C. 1, 22, 17: pigriora sunt ista remedia, operate too slowly, Col. 2, 17, 3.—Prov.: vult et non vult piger, Vulg. Prov. 13, 4: dicit piger, leo est in viā, id. ib. 26, 13: pigrā munire castra dolabrā, lazily handled, Juv. 8, 248. —(g). With gen. (poet.):
militiae piger et malus, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 124: pericli, Sil. 14, 264: serpit Arar per rura pigerrimus undae, id. 15, 504.—(d). With inf. (poet.):
piger scribendi ferre laborem, Hor. S. 1, 4, 12 (cf. the opp.: impiger hostium Vexare turmas, id. C. 4, 14, 22).—Absol.: pigrum et iners videtur sudore adquirere quod possis sanguine parare, Tac. G. 14 fin.—Hence, poet. transf., 2. Sluggish, i. e. that makes sluggish, benumbing:
sopor, Cat. 63, 37: frigora, Tib. 1, 2, 29: senecta, id. 1, 10, 40.—B. Dull, dispirited, dejected, sad (poet. and in postclass. prose):
vultus, Mart. 2, 11, 3: pigrum aliquem facere, id. 10, 104, 15: piger tristisque, App. M. 4, p. 157 fin.—C. Dull, unfeeling (poet.):
hinc fessos subrepsit in artus Insidiosa quies et pigrae oblivio vitae, Stat. S. 1, 4, 56 sq.; cf.: indigna est pigro forma perire situ, Ov. Am. 2, 3, 14.—Hence, adv.: pĭgrē, slowly, sluggishly (post-Aug.): in servitutem transiens, Sen. Ira, 3, 17: pigre ac segniter agere, Col. 7, 5, 3.—Comp.: pigrius, Plin. 10, 34, 52, § 105; Luc. 5, 434.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
piger gra, grum, adj. with comp. pigrior, and sup. pigerrimus
PAC-, unwilling, reluctant, averse, backward : gens pigerrima ad militaria opera, L.: pigriores ad cetera munia exequenda, Cu.— Slow, dull, lazy, indolent, sluggish, inactive : senectus, O.: (apes) frigore, V.: taurus ipsā mole, Iu.: mare, sluggish , Ta.: annus, H.: bellum, tedious , O.: campus, unfruitful , H.: sopor, benumbing , Ct.: frigus, Tb.: dolabra, lazily handled , Iu.: in re militari: militiae, H.: scribendi ferre laborem, H. — Dull, unfeeling : pigro perire situ, O.
Origins
From pigeō (“to feel annoyance at, feel reluctance at”), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *peyǵ- (“ill-meaning, evil-minded, treacherous, hostile, bad”). Related to Old English ġefic (“fraud, deceit, deception”), Old English fācen (“deceit, fraud, treachery, sin, evil, crime, blemish, fault”), Middle High German veichen (“dissembling, deceit, fraud”), though De Vaan is skeptical of the links to the Germanic terms.
Descendants
- Italianpigro
- Spanishpigre
- Spanishpigro
- Esperantopigrafrom Italian pigro