perimō
Meaning
- to annihilate, extinguish, destroy
- to hinder, prevent
- to kill, slay
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
perdō, occīdōomnīnō interficiōChoosing the right word Döderlein's Latin Synonyms
Interficere · Perimere · Interimere · Necare · Occidere · Jugulare · Obtruncare · Trucidare · Percutere
Interficere and perimere are the most general expressions for putting to death, in whatever manner, and from whatever motive, fame, veneno, suspendio, ferro, suppliciis, dolo, like κτείνειν; but interficere as a usual, perimere as an old, forcible, poetical expression. Interimere involves the accessory notion of privacy, as to remove out of the way; ἀναιρεῖν; necare, that of injustice, or, at least, cruelty, to murder, φονεύειν. Cic. Tusc. v. 20. Dionysius alterum jussit interfici, quia viam demonstravisset interimendi sui. Curt. ix. 7, 8. Boxum protinus placuit interfici; Biconem etiam per cruciatus necari. 2. Occidere, jugulare, trucidare, obtruncare, percutere, denote a sanguinary death-blow; occidere means by cutting down, especially the business of the soldier in honorable open battle; jugulare, by cutting the throat or neck, or rather by a skilfully-directed thrust into the collar-bone, especially the business of the bandit, after the pattern of the gladiator, like σφᾶξαι; obtruncare means to butcher, massacre, and cut to pieces, after the manner of the awkward murderer; trucidare, to slaughter as one would a steer, after the manner of the blood-thirsty miscreant, who, without meeting with resistance, plays the hero on the defenceless; percutere, to execute, as a mere mechanical act, after the manner of the headsman, or other executioner of a sentence of condemnation, or, at least, of a death-warrant. Senec. Contr. iii. 21. Nec dominum occidit, nec domino venenum dedit. Hor. Ep. i. 2. Ut jugulent hominem, surgunt de nocte latrones. Sallust. Fr. Cæteri vice pecorum obtruncantur; so that you may see a mangled mass of limbs, as in the heap of slain in a battle. Tac. Hist. . . . Juberet interfici; offerre se corpora iræ; trucidaret. Cic. Cat. iv. 6. and Rosc. Am. 34. Cujus consilio occisus sit invenio; cujus manu percussus sit non invenio. (iii. 181.)
Conjugation conjugation 3
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | perimō | perimēbam | perimam | perēmī | perēmeram | perēmerō |
| 2nd sg. | perimis | perimēbās | perimēs | perēmistī | perēmerās | perēmeris |
| 3rd sg. | perimit | perimēbat | perimet | perēmit | perēmerat | perēmerit |
| 1st pl. | perimimus | perimēbāmus | perimēmus | perēmimus | perēmerāmus | perēmerimus |
| 2nd pl. | perimitis | perimēbātis | perimētis | perēmistis | perēmerātis | perēmeritis |
| 3rd pl. | perimunt | perimēbant | periment | perēmērunt perēmēre | perēmerant | perēmerint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | perimam | perimerem | perēmerim | perēmissem |
| 2nd sg. | perimās | perimerēs | perēmerīs | perēmissēs |
| 3rd sg. | perimat | perimeret | perēmerit | perēmisset |
| 1st pl. | perimāmus | perimerēmus | perēmerīmus | perēmissēmus |
| 2nd pl. | perimātis | perimerētis | perēmerītis | perēmissētis |
| 3rd pl. | perimant | perimerent | perēmerint | perēmissent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | perimor | perimēbar | perimar |
| 2nd sg. | perimeris perimere | perimēbāris perimēbāre | perimēris perimēre |
| 3rd sg. | perimitur | perimēbātur | perimētur |
| 1st pl. | perimimur | perimēbāmur | perimēmur |
| 2nd pl. | perimiminī | perimēbāminī | perimēminī |
| 3rd pl. | perimuntur | perimēbantur | perimentur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | perimar | perimerer |
| 2nd sg. | perimāris perimāre | perimerēris perimerēre |
| 3rd sg. | perimātur | perimerētur |
| 1st pl. | perimāmur | perimerēmur |
| 2nd pl. | perimāminī | perimerēminī |
| 3rd pl. | perimantur | perimerentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | perime | perimere |
| pres. 2nd pl. | perimite | perimiminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | perimitō | perimitor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | perimitō | perimitor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | perimitōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | perimuntō | perimuntor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | perimere | perimī |
| perfect infinitive | perēmisse | perēmptum esse |
| future infinitive | perēmptūrum esse | perēmptum īrī |
| present participle | perimēns | — |
| perfect participle | — | perēmptus perēmpta, perēmptā, perēmptae, perēmptam, perēmptārum, perēmptās, perēmpte, perēmptī, perēmptīs, perēmptō, perēmptōrum, perēmptōs |
| future participle | perēmptūrus perēmptūra, perēmptūrā, perēmptūrae, perēmptūram, perēmptūrārum, perēmptūrās, perēmptūre, perēmptūrī, perēmptūrīs, perēmptūrō, perēmptūrōrum, perēmptūrōs, perēmptūrum | perimendus perimundus, perimenda, perimendā, perimendae, perimendam, perimendārum, perimendās, perimende, perimendīs, perimendōrum, perimendōs |
syn.: perdo, deleo): penitus materiem omnem, Lucr. 1, 226: sensu perempto, Cic. Tusc. 1, 37, 89: luna subito perempta est, was taken away, i. e. vanished, disappeared, id. poët. Div. 1, 11, 18: divum simulacra peremit fulminis ardor, id. ib. 1, 12, 19: Troja perempta, destroyed, ruined, Verg. A. 5, 787: corpus macie, Liv. 2, 23; cf. id. 38, 21: ne quid consul auspici peremat, should hinder, prevent, Cato ap. Fest. p. 217 Müll.: reditum, Cic. Planc. 42, 101: nisi aliqui casus consilium ejus peremisset, id. Off. 3, 7, 33: si causam publicam mea mors peremisset, id. Sest. 22, 49; id. Fragm. ap. Non. 450, 5: perimit urbem incendio, Vulg. Jos. 11, 11.—Absol.: sin autem (supremus ille dies) perimit ac delet omnino, quid melius, quam? etc., Cic. Tusc. 1, 49, 117.—trucido): perempta et interempta pro interfectis poni solet a poëtis, Fest. p. 217 Müll.; Lucr. 3, 886: crudeli morte peremptus, Verg. A. 6, 163: aliquem caede, id. ib. 9, 453: sorte, id. ib. 11, 110: hunc, ubi tam teneros volucres matremque peremit (trans. from Homer), Cic. poët. Div. 2, 30, 64; Ov. M. 8, 395: conceptum abortu, Plin. 3, 44, 69, § 172: caedes fratrum indigne peremptorum, Just. 7, 6.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
Origins
From Proto-Italic *per-emō, from *emō, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁em-. By surface analysis, per- + emō (“to obtain, buy”).
- Englishperempt
- Frenchpérimer
- Italianperimere
- Portugueseperimir
- Spanishperimir