verbthird conjugation
laedō
laedō (present infinitive laedere, perfect active laesī, supine laesum)
Classical[ˈɫae̯.doː]Ecclesiastical[ˈlɛː.do]
№ 783 of the 1,000 commonest wordsMille Verba core vocabulary
Meaning
- to strike, collide, hurt
- to offend
- to thwart
- to betray
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
noceō, vulnerō; verba quoque laedunt.laedō -ere laesī — in Mille Verba, Animus et Adfectūs
noceō, offendōlaedō -ere, laesus — in IVLIANVS I: Gallia, ch. 18
violō, offendōlaedō -ere — in IVLIANVS II: Imperium, ch. 7
contrā aliquem malum faciōlaedō -ere — in Evangelium secundum Matthaeum, ch. 3
wrongs
laedit — in Seneca, ch. XVII
Choosing the right word Döderlein's Latin Synonyms
Lædere · Violare · Offendere
Lædere denotes a physical injury, as to hurt; violare, an injury to a person’s rights, as to offer violence; offendere (from πένθος) an injury to a person’s feelings, as to affront. Lædere refers to whatever object is capable of receiving injury; violare, to one that has a just claim to protection; offendere, to a rational and feeling being. Cic. Off. i. 28, 99. Justitiæ partes sunt non violare homines, verecundiæ non offendere. Fin. iii. 11. Sen. Ir. iii. 18. Pleraque eorum propter quæ irascimur offendunt nos magis quam lædunt. Const. 4. Contumelia tantum delicatis gravis est, qua non læduntur, sed offenduntur. Ovid, Am. iii. 3, 31. Formosa superi metuunt offendere læsi. (iii. 138.)
Conjugation conjugation 3
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | laedō | laedēbam | laedam | laesī | laeseram | laeserō |
| 2nd sg. | laedis | laedēbās | laedēs | laesistī | laeserās | laeseris |
| 3rd sg. | laedit | laedēbat | laedet | laesit | laeserat | laeserit |
| 1st pl. | laedimus | laedēbāmus | laedēmus | laesimus | laeserāmus | laeserimus |
| 2nd pl. | laeditis | laedēbātis | laedētis | laesistis | laeserātis | laeseritis |
| 3rd pl. | laedunt | laedēbant | laedent | laesērunt laesēre | laeserant | laeserint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | laedam | laederem | laeserim | laesissem |
| 2nd sg. | laedās | laederēs | laeserīs | laesissēs |
| 3rd sg. | laedat | laederet | laeserit | laesisset |
| 1st pl. | laedāmus | laederēmus | laeserīmus | laesissēmus |
| 2nd pl. | laedātis | laederētis | laeserītis | laesissētis |
| 3rd pl. | laedant | laederent | laeserint | laesissent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | laedor | laedēbar | laedar |
| 2nd sg. | laederis laedere | laedēbāris laedēbāre | laedēris laedēre |
| 3rd sg. | laeditur | laedēbātur | laedētur |
| 1st pl. | laedimur | laedēbāmur | laedēmur |
| 2nd pl. | laediminī | laedēbāminī | laedēminī |
| 3rd pl. | laeduntur | laedēbantur | laedentur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | laedar | laederer |
| 2nd sg. | laedāris laedāre | laederēris laederēre |
| 3rd sg. | laedātur | laederētur |
| 1st pl. | laedāmur | laederēmur |
| 2nd pl. | laedāminī | laederēminī |
| 3rd pl. | laedantur | laederentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | laede | laedere |
| pres. 2nd pl. | laedite | laediminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | laeditō | laeditor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | laeditō | laeditor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | laeditōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | laeduntō | laeduntor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | laedere | laedī |
| perfect infinitive | laesisse | laesum esse |
| future infinitive | laesūrum esse | laesum īrī |
| present participle | laedēns | — |
| perfect participle | — | laesus laesa, laesā, laesae, laesam, laesārum, laesās, laese, laesīs, laesō, laesōrum, laesōs |
| future participle | laesūrus laesūra, laesūrā, laesūrae, laesūram, laesūrārum, laesūrās, laesūre, laesūrī, laesūrīs, laesūrō, laesūrōrum, laesūrōs, laesūrum | laedendus laedundus, laedenda, laedendā, laedendae, laedendam, laedendārum, laedendās, laedende, laedendīs, laedendōrum, laedendōs |
gerundlaedendī, laedendō, laedendumsupinelaesum, laesū
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- fidem laedere, violare, frangere
- to break one's word.
laedo, si, sum, 3, v. a. perh. for lavido, root lu-; cf.: luo, solvo, and Germ. los-,
I. to hurt by striking, wound, injure, damage (syn.: saucio, vulnero).
I. Lit.:
lora laedunt bracchia, Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 9: lembus ille mihi laedit latus, id. Bacch. 2, 3, 47: tua laesuro subtrahe colla, Ov. R. Am. 90: frondes laedit hiems, id. F. 6, 150: teneros laedunt prima juga juvencos, id. H. 4, 21; cf.: thymum laeditur imbribus, Plin. 21, 10, 31, § 56: aliquem vulnere, Ov. M. 4, 601: quid me dente captas laedere? Phaedr. 4, 8, 6: ferro retunso Semina, Verg. G. 2, 301: salsā laedit rubigine ferrum, id. ib. 2, 220: servum aliqua parte corporis, Gai Inst. 3, 219.—Poet.: collum, i. e. to hang one's self, Hor. C. 3, 27, 60: laesus nube dies, i. e. darkened, Luc. 5, 456.—II. Trop., to trouble, annoy, vex, injure, offend, afflict, grieve, hurt:
dicto, facto, Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 53: injuste neminem laesit, Cic. Mur. 40, 87: non minus nos stultitia illius sublevat, quam laedit improbitas, id. Caecin. 9, 23: aliquem perjurio suo, to attack, id. ib. 10, 28: Pisonem, to rail at, id. de Or. 2, 70, 285: nulli os, to offend no one to his face, Ter. Ad. 5, 4, 10: tua me infortunia laedunt, Hor. A. P. 103: tristi laedere versu scurram, id. S. 2, 1, 21: te a me ludibrio laesum iri, Cic. Fil. ap. Cic. Fam. 5, 1, 1: quae laedunt oculum, demere, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 38; 1, 17, 8.—Absol.: quia laesit prior, Ter. Eun. prol. 6: nec laedere nec violari, Lucr. 5, 1020.—B. Esp.
1. Of pledged faith, one's word, agreement, etc., to break, violate, betray:
fidem, Cic. Rosc. Am. 38, 111; Caes. B. C. 2, 44: cur tibi junior laesa praeniteat fide, Hor. C. 1, 33, 4: laesi testatur foederis aras, Verg. A. 12, 496: laesae vulnera pacis, Petr. 119.—2. Of reputation, to harm, injure:
famam alicujus gravi opprobrio, Suet. Caes. 49.—3. Freq. of an offended divinity:
quo numine laeso, Verg. A. 1, 8; 2, 183: tu magnorum numen laesura deorum, Hor. Epod. 15, 3: ego laedor, Ov. M. 1, 608: Veneris numina, Tib. 1, 3, 79; 3, 6, 26: superos, Luc. 7, 848.— 4. Of circumstances:
res laesae, disaster, misfortune, Sil. 11, 6, 5.—Esp., in the phrase laedere majestatem, to commit treason (late Lat., v. also majestas): laesae majestatis arcessere maritum, Amm. 16, 8, 4: laesae crimina majestatis, id. 19, 12, 1; 21, 12, 19; so, laedere majestatem populi Romani, Sen. Contr. 4, 25, 13.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
laedō sī, sus, ere,
to hurt, wound, injure, damage: frondes laedit hiemps, O.: hominem volnere, O.: me dente, Ph.: robigine ferrum, V.: collum, i. e. hang oneself, H.—Fig., to trouble, annoy, vex, injure, insult, offend, afflict, grieve, hurt: quia laesit prior, T.: verba laedendi: iniuste neminem laesit: Caecinam periurio suo, attack: Pisonem, rail at: nulli os, insult, T.: tua me infortunia laedunt, H.: quo numine laeso, V.: numen deorum, H.: ego laedor, O.—To break, violate, betray: fidem: Laesā praenitere fide, H.: laesi testatus foederis aras, V.: laesus pudor, O.
Origins
Of uncertain origin; proposed derivations include: * From a Proto-Indo-European root common to Ancient Greek λίθος (líthos, “stone”), λίστρον (lístron, “spade, shovel”) and Latvian lîžu (“to clear a land”). By dint of mentioning only this theory, De Vaan appears to tentatively favor this theory, albeit with heavy doubts. * From Proto-Indo-European *slaid-, *sled-, a root common to Proto-Germanic *slītaną (“to tear apart”). * From a Proto-Indo-European root common to Old Norse lesta (“to damage”), lǫstr (“damage”) and Ancient Greek λαιδρός (laidrós, “bold”). * From Proto-Indo-European *deh₂y-dʰeh₁-e/o- (“to put in one's share”), a compound of *deh₂y- + *dʰeh₁-.
Italo-Romance
- Italianliedere
- Italianledere
Borrowings
- Germanlädieren