LATIN DICTIONARYLexicon Latīnum
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“upper” in Latin

Riddle & Arnold A Copious and Critical English–Latin Lexicon, 1864

upper
Locally, superus: superior (of two): summus (the highest; of several). The upper story, pars superior aedium: the upper lip, labrum superius: the upper part of the town, partes urbis superiores: the upper part of anything, pars superior, also superior, or (when the whole upper part is meant) summus (in agreement with the substantive, which is governed by “of” in English; e.g., navis summa).
With reference to rank: superior loco, or dignitate, or superior only. The upper classes [Vid: GENTRY].
To get the upper hand, vincere, superare, etc.; of anybody, aliquem; superiorem fieri; superiorem or victorem discedere.

Quick answer

What is the Latin word for upper?
The usual Latin words for “upper” are superus, dignitās, vincō. The right choice depends on the sense; see the distinctions below.

Entry from J. E. Riddle & T. K. Arnold, A Copious and Critical English–Latin Lexicon (rev. C. Anthon, New York: Harper, 1864), digitised by Fergus J. P. Walsh, CC BY-SA 4.0; Latin markup adapted by latindictionary.co.