LATIN DICTIONARYLexicon Latīnum
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“sort” in Latin

The English word sort itself goes back to Latin sors, through sortem.

Riddle & Arnold A Copious and Critical English–Latin Lexicon, 1864

sort s.
Kind, genus [Vid: KIND]. Sometimes “a sort of” may be expressed by quidam; e.g., non perspicitis aleam quandam esse in hostiis deligendis? (Cic.) or by omnis; e.g., omnes aegritudines, metus, perturbationes: omnia pericula: sometimes by nota (PROP. a mark put on anything); hence; e.g., vinum bonae, malae notae (of a good or bad sort); quaecunque vini nota (wine of every sort); vini nota optima (the best sort of wine; Col.); cujuscunque notae caseus (cheese of every sort, Col.); secundae notae mel (of the second sort, Col.).
Manner, Vid:
sort v.
in genera digerere (after Cic., De Or., 1, 42, 190): digerere: in ordinem digerere; secernere, rejicere (to reject in sorting).

Quick answer

What is the Latin word for sort?
The usual Latin words for “sort” are genus, quīdam, omnis; also metus, perturbātiō, nōtus. The right choice depends on the sense; see the distinctions below.

Entry from J. E. Riddle & T. K. Arnold, A Copious and Critical English–Latin Lexicon (rev. C. Anthon, New York: Harper, 1864), digitised by Fergus J. P. Walsh, CC BY-SA 4.0; Latin markup adapted by latindictionary.co.