LATIN DICTIONARYLexicon Latīnum
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“sanction” in Latin

The English word sanction itself goes back to Latin sanciō, through sānctiō.

Riddle & Arnold A Copious and Critical English–Latin Lexicon, 1864

sanction s.
auctoritas (authority, ratification): conrirmatio: comprobatio. Vid: the verb.
sanction v.
firmare: contirmare: affirmare: ratum facere (to ratify): fidem alicui rei firmare, addere: auctoritate sua affirmare rem (to confirm).
To consent, Vid.

Quick answer

What is the Latin word for sanction?
The usual Latin words for “sanction” are auctōritās, comprŏbātĭo, firmō; also affirmō, addō. The right choice depends on the sense; see the distinctions below.

Entry from J. E. Riddle & T. K. Arnold, A Copious and Critical English–Latin Lexicon (rev. C. Anthon, New York: Harper, 1864), digitised by Fergus J. P. Walsh, CC BY-SA 4.0; Latin markup adapted by latindictionary.co.