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“mate” in Latin

Riddle & Arnold A Copious and Critical English–Latin Lexicon, 1864

mate s.
A companion, socius: comes; sodalis; contubernalis; commilito, etc. [Vid: COMPANION.]
Husband or wife, conjux.
mate v.
copulare. Vid: MATCH.

Quick answer

What is the Latin word for mate?
The usual Latin words for “mate” are socius, comes, sodālis; also contubernālis, commīlitō, coniūnx. The right choice depends on the sense; see the distinctions below.

Entry from J. E. Riddle & T. K. Arnold, A Copious and Critical English–Latin Lexicon (rev. C. Anthon, New York: Harper, 1864), digitised by Fergus J. P. Walsh, CC BY-SA 4.0; Latin markup adapted by latindictionary.co.