“know” in Latin

scire (to possess full and accurate knowledge of anything): novisse (to have become acquainted with, to be acquainted with; hence also, to know persons): alicujus rei scientiam habere, aliquid cognītum habere (to have full scientific knowledge of anything): non nescire: non ignorare (not to be ignorant that): alicujus rei non ignarum esse (not to be ignorant of anything): didicisse (to have learned): me non fugit or praeterit aliquid (anything does not escape me): tenere: intelligere (to be aware; to understand): noscere (to make one’s self acquainted with; e.g., know thyself, nosce te or animum tuum, Cic.): cognoscere (to become acquainted with, by the senses or by information). I don’t know, nescio: ignōro: me fugit: me praeterit: not knowing that the dictator was arrived, ignari venisse dictatorem: I don’t know which way to turn, nescio, quo me convertam: I don’t know what to write, non habeo, quid scribam (non habeo, quod scribam = I have nothing to say; Krüger). I don’t know whether or that (= I am inclined to think; as a modestly-expressed affirmation), haud scio, an; nescio an: ☞ If “not,” or any other negative, is expressed in English, omit it in Latin; if there is no “not” or other negative in English, insert it in Latin. I don’t know whether this is not the shorter way of the two, haud scio an haec brevior via sit: I don’t know that you can, haud scio an non possis. [It is not quite certain whether quisquam, ullus, etc., are ever here used for nullus, etc., Zumpt, § 721 Krebs, 520; but no student should ever use them, as their use is, at all events, rare and exceptional.] They hardly knew whether these should be allowed to enter or not, de iis dubitatum est, admitterentur in urbem necne: do you know? don’t you know? scin’? scisne? nostin’? I well know, bene or probe scio: I know well that, non dubito, quin, etc. (Nep., here regularly uses accusative and infinitive; Vid: Praef. 1, 1.) I know (in an answer), scio: teneo: As far as I know, quod scio: quantum scio: quod sciam. To know for certain, certo or certe scire (certo denoting subj ective certainty, the certainty of conviction; certe, objective certainty, the certainty of the event itself); pro certo scire; certum habere; exploratum or cognitum habere; certura est mihi aliquid or de aliqua re; exploratum or notum exploratumque est aliquid or de aliqua re; cognitum compertumque mihi est aliquid: to know on good authority, certis auctoribus comperisse: not to know for certain, certum nescire. I don’t know what to decide, incertus sum, quid faciam; in incerto habeo, quidnam consilii capiam: he said (in a court of justice) that he did not know, negavit se comperisse: know that, scias; sic habeto; habeto tantum: you must know, scire licet (with accusative and infinitive): this is all I know, non amplius memini (it is all I recollect); non amplius scio: to know about anything, alicujus rei or de aliqua re conscium esse; de aliqua re scire: to know about anybody, de aliquo scire or audivisse: to know from anybody, ex or de aliquo scire; aliquo comperisse, also ex aliquo; per aliquem (if an agent of one’s own); ex aliquo audivisse: nobody shall know it from me, ex me nemo sciet: he does not let us know anything about him, nihil de eo auditur; litteras non scribit: let me know, fac me certiorem; fac ut sciam: I wished you to know this, id te scire volui: let me know your opinion, fac intelligam, tu quid de hac re sentias: let all the parties concerned know it, omnes sciant, quorum interest. I wish to know, volo or cupio scire: he pretends to know all about it, *simulat se omnia scire.

To know how = to be able, etc., scire: to know how to use anything, aliquid tractare et uti scire. He does not know how to be angry, irasci nescit: to know no measure and no limits, nihil pensi neque moderati habere (Sall., Cat., 12, 2).

To recognize, cognoscere: that no one might know me, ne quis me cognosceret: to know anybody or anything by anything, cognoscere aliqua re (e.g., by manifest signs, non dubiis signis): agnoscere ex re (e.g., anybody by his works, aliquem ex operibus suis): noscitare aliqua re (e.g., a person by his voice, by his face, aliquem voce, facie).

To be acquainted with, novisse: cognovisse: cognitum habere (general terms; novisse aliquem, both to be acquainted with a person and to see through him, to understand him; e.g., novi ego nostros, Cic.): alicujus rei notitiam habere or tenere (☞ it is better, perhaps, not to use cognitionem habere, as it occurs only in insitas eorum [deorum] vel potius innatas cognitiones habemus, Cic., N.D., 1, 17, 44): didicisse (to know anything from information received; opposed to ignorare). Sometimes vidisse: tenere: intelligere aliquem or aliquid (with reference to a thing = to understand its peculiar nature; with reference to a person = to understand his character; to be able to appreciate his motives, etc.; opposed to ignorare). To know anything thoroughly, cognitum or perspectum habere; penitus nosse aliquid; cognitum comprebensumque habere aliquid. To know each other, se inter se noscere: to know anybody intimately, aliquem familiariter nosse: to know anybody thoroughly, aliquem bene, optime, pulchre, probe nosse (general terms; ☞ aliquem propius nosse, not Latin); aliquem penitus inspexisse; pernosse aliquem, qualis sit; intus et in cute nosse (Persius, 3, 30) nosse tamquam ungues digitosque suos (Juv., 8, 232; to have a thorough knowledge of his character, etc.): pulchre callere alicujus sensum (to be well acquainted with his sentiments, feelings, etc.): qui vir et quantus sit, altissime inspexisse (to be thoroughly acquainted with his high-minded character, etc.): to know anybody thoroughly, aliquem penitus cognoscere; aliquem cognoscere et intelligere (☞ Velleius, 2, 114, 5): to know anybody by sight, aliquem de facie nosse: not to know anybody, aliquem non nosse; aliquis mihi est ignotus; ignorare aliquem (seldom in this sense; as Nep., Arist., 1, 4; mostly = not to understand anybody’s character, worth, etc.). Worth knowing, cognitione dignus: dignus, qui cognoscatur.