LATIN DICTIONARYLexicon Latīnum
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“construction” in Latin

The English word construction itself goes back to Latin struō, through cōnstructiō.

Riddle & Arnold A Copious and Critical English–Latin Lexicon, 1864

construction
the act of constructing, aedificatio: exaedificatio: exstructio: construction of a wall, ductus muri.
Grammatical construction, verborum conformatio or compositio (the way in which one word follows another): consecutio verborum (the logical order of the words according to grammar): constructio (is used in Cic. for the artificial arrangement of a speech; but in grammarians = construction).
Meaning, sense; e.g., a word admits of various constructions, bujus vocis potestas multiplex est (after Auct. ad Her., 4, 54, in.): this word does not admit of any other construction, but, etc., neque ulla alia huic verbo subjecta notio est, nisi etc.: whenever a word admits of more than one construction, cum verbum potest in duas pluresve sententias accipi: to put a good or favorable construction on anything, aliquid in bonam partem accipere or bene interpretari; sine offensione accipere aliquid; to put the worst construction on anything, in malam partem accipere or male interpretari aliquid: to put a better or more favorable construction on anything, in mitiorem or in meliorem partem accipere or interpretari aliquid: a worse construction, in pejorem partem accipere or deterius interpretari aliquid: a worse construction on every thing, omnia in deterius trahere. [OBS., these phrases with the comparative are used where we should use the positive: “to put a good, bad, etc., construction on anything”]. to put a construction on anything that it was not intended to have, aliter aliquid, ac dictum erat, accipere.

Quick answer

What is the Latin word for construction?
The usual Latin words for “construction” are aedificātiō, exaedificātiō, exstrūctiō; also compositiō, cōnstrūctiō. The right choice depends on the sense; see the distinctions below.

Entry from J. E. Riddle & T. K. Arnold, A Copious and Critical English–Latin Lexicon (rev. C. Anthon, New York: Harper, 1864), digitised by Fergus J. P. Walsh, CC BY-SA 4.0; Latin markup adapted by latindictionary.co.