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“coalition” in Latin

The English word coalition itself goes back to Latin alēscō, through coalitiō.

Riddle & Arnold A Copious and Critical English–Latin Lexicon, 1864

coalition
coalitus: consocintio: junctio: congregatio [Vid: SYN. in COMBINE]: societas (the state of being united): coitio (a uniting of several persons, mostly in a bad sense, e.g., coitionem facere, Cic.): coitus (a combining). Vid :, also. COMBINATION.

Quick answer

What is the Latin word for coalition?
The usual Latin words for “coalition” are coalēscō, iūnctiō, congregātiō; also societās, coitiō, coeō. The right choice depends on the sense; see the distinctions below.

Entry from J. E. Riddle & T. K. Arnold, A Copious and Critical English–Latin Lexicon (rev. C. Anthon, New York: Harper, 1864), digitised by Fergus J. P. Walsh, CC BY-SA 4.0; Latin markup adapted by latindictionary.co.