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“chasten” in Latin

The English word chasten itself goes back to Latin castīgō.

Riddle & Arnold A Copious and Critical English–Latin Lexicon, 1864

chasten
castigare (with a view to the amendment of the offender): punire (general term). FIG., to chasten the body, *se ipsum or corpus suum castigare: castimoniam corporis servare (after Cic., De Legg., 2, 10, 24). To chasten anybody’s pride, superbiam alicujus retundere.

Quick answer

What is the Latin word for chasten?
The usual Latin words for “chasten” are castīgō, pūniō. The right choice depends on the sense; see the distinctions below.

Entry from J. E. Riddle & T. K. Arnold, A Copious and Critical English–Latin Lexicon (rev. C. Anthon, New York: Harper, 1864), digitised by Fergus J. P. Walsh, CC BY-SA 4.0; Latin markup adapted by latindictionary.co.