LATIN DICTIONARYLexicon Latīnum
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“bill” in Latin

The English word bill itself goes back to Latin bulla.

Riddle & Arnold A Copious and Critical English–Latin Lexicon, 1864

bill
of a bird), rostrum. Little bill, rostellum.
bill v.
rostrum conserere rostro.
To bill and coo (of persons), columbatim labra conserere labris. Vid: to COO.
bill
a hook, falx, falx rostrata.
Battle-axe, bipennis.
bill
roll, index (genitive); numeri (of soldiers): of account, index mercium emtarum, libellus rationarius, tabella rationaria: present a bill, inferre rationem. A bill of fare, index ciborum: of divorce, litterae quibus repudium remittitur: to send one, alicui nuntium or repudium remittere: of exchange, syngrapha. A bill payable at sight, syngrapha, quae praesens, or praesenti die debetur; or pecunia, quae ex syngrapha praesens, or praesenti die debetur: a bill payable at twenty-one days, syngrapha, cui dies vicesima prima apposita est, or quae in diem vicesimam primam debeter (all after Martialis, Dig., 20, 1, 13: si dies apposita legato non est, praesens debetur, Ulp., 45, 1, 4; quoties in obligationibus dies non ponitur, praesenti die pecunia debetur, Paul., 7, 1, 4; quod vel praesens vel ex die dari potest). Bill of indictment, libellus. Bills of mortality, indices mortuoruni.
Proposed law, rogatio, lex. To bring in a bill, legem or rogationem ferre: to pass it, rogationem or legem accipere; legem sciscere (of the people): to carry it through, rogationem or legem perferre: to reject it, legem or rogationem antiquare.

Quick answer

What is the Latin word for bill?
The usual Latin words for “bill” are rostellum, Cōs, falx; also bipennis, index, numerus. The right choice depends on the sense; see the distinctions below.

Entry from J. E. Riddle & T. K. Arnold, A Copious and Critical English–Latin Lexicon (rev. C. Anthon, New York: Harper, 1864), digitised by Fergus J. P. Walsh, CC BY-SA 4.0; Latin markup adapted by latindictionary.co.