verbthird conjugation
dēserō
dēserō (present infinitive dēserere, perfect active dēseruī, supine dēsertum)
Classical[ˈdeː.sɛ.roː]Ecclesiastical[ˈdɛː.s̬e.ro]
№ 544 of the 1,000 commonest wordsMille Verba core vocabulary
Meaning
- to leave, depart, desert, quit
- to forsake, abandon, give up
- to let down
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
relinquō quem servāre dēbeō; mīles quī castra dēserit, mortem timēre dēbet.dēserō -ere -uī — in Mille Verba, Castra in Aegyptō
relictus, vacuusdēsertus -a -um — in IVLIANVS I: Gallia, ch. 4 and Evangelium secundum Matthaeum, ch. 21
relinquō, abeō ab aliquōdēserō -ere — in Metamorphoses I, ch. 15
Choosing the right word Döderlein's Latin Synonyms
Solitudo · Vasta · Deserta · Tesca
Solitudo denotes the solitude of a place, indifferently or with praise; whereas vasta, deserta, tesca loca, with blame; vasta loca, as uncultivated wastes, in opp. to sulta; whereas deserta, as uninhabited deserts, in opp. to habitata; and tesca, or tesqua, (from tacere,) as lonely places, where an awful stillness reigns, in opp. to celebria. (iii. 226.)
Relinquere · Deserere · Omittere · Destituere · Desolatus
1. Relinquere, to leave behind, has reference to an object, to which one stands in a mere outward and local relation of proximity; whereas deserere and omittere, to an object to which one stands in an inward and moral relation as an owner or friend; desertio, like leaving in the lurch, has its ground in cowardice, or other forgetfulness of duty, in opp. to defensio, tutatio; omissio, like giving up, has its ground in a conviction of being able to dispense with, in opp. to obtinere. Tac. Dial. 16. Partes quas intellexerimus te non tam omisisse quam nobis reliquisse. And 9. Relinquenda conversatio amicorum et jucunditas urbis, deserenda cætera officia. Cic. Verr. i. 4. 11. Desertum exercitum, relictam provinciam. 2. Deserere means to forsake, and expose to a possible and remote danger; destituere to an actual and impending danger. Curt. iv. 2, 32. Desertus, destitutus, hostibus deditus. Liv. vi. 2. Quod defensores suos in ipso discrimine periculi destituat. 3. Desertus and destitutus denote, especially, forgetfulness of duty; whereas desolatus, the unmercifulness of the action. Suet. Cal. 12. Deserta, desolataque reliquis subsidiis aula. (iii. 290.)
Conjugation conjugation 3
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | dēserō | dēserēbam | dēseram | dēseruī | dēserueram | dēseruerō |
| 2nd sg. | dēseris | dēserēbās | dēserēs | dēseruistī | dēseruerās | dēserueris |
| 3rd sg. | dēserit | dēserēbat | dēseret | dēseruit | dēseruerat | dēseruerit |
| 1st pl. | dēserimus | dēserēbāmus | dēserēmus | dēseruimus | dēseruerāmus | dēseruerimus |
| 2nd pl. | dēseritis | dēserēbātis | dēserētis | dēseruistis | dēseruerātis | dēserueritis |
| 3rd pl. | dēserunt | dēserēbant | dēserent | dēseruērunt dēseruēre | dēseruerant | dēseruerint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | dēseram | dēsererem | dēseruerim | dēseruissem |
| 2nd sg. | dēserās | dēsererēs | dēseruerīs | dēseruissēs |
| 3rd sg. | dēserat | dēsereret | dēseruerit | dēseruisset |
| 1st pl. | dēserāmus | dēsererēmus | dēseruerīmus | dēseruissēmus |
| 2nd pl. | dēserātis | dēsererētis | dēseruerītis | dēseruissētis |
| 3rd pl. | dēserant | dēsererent | dēseruerint | dēseruissent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | dēseror | dēserēbar | dēserar |
| 2nd sg. | dēsereris dēserere | dēserēbāris dēserēbāre | dēserēris dēserēre |
| 3rd sg. | dēseritur | dēserēbātur | dēserētur |
| 1st pl. | dēserimur | dēserēbāmur | dēserēmur |
| 2nd pl. | dēseriminī | dēserēbāminī | dēserēminī |
| 3rd pl. | dēseruntur | dēserēbantur | dēserentur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | dēserar | dēsererer |
| 2nd sg. | dēserāris dēserāre | dēsererēris dēsererēre |
| 3rd sg. | dēserātur | dēsererētur |
| 1st pl. | dēserāmur | dēsererēmur |
| 2nd pl. | dēserāminī | dēsererēminī |
| 3rd pl. | dēserantur | dēsererentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | dēsere | dēserere |
| pres. 2nd pl. | dēserite | dēseriminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | dēseritō | dēseritor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | dēseritō | dēseritor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | dēseritōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | dēseruntō | dēseruntor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | dēserere | dēserī |
| perfect infinitive | dēseruisse | dēsertum esse |
| future infinitive | dēsertūrum esse | dēsertum īrī |
| present participle | dēserēns | — |
| perfect participle | — | dēsertus dēserta, dēsertā, dēsertae, dēsertam, dēsertārum, dēsertās, dēserte, dēsertī, dēsertīs, dēsertō, dēsertōrum, dēsertōs |
| future participle | dēsertūrus dēsertūra, dēsertūrā, dēsertūrae, dēsertūram, dēsertūrārum, dēsertūrās, dēsertūre, dēsertūrī, dēsertūrīs, dēsertūrō, dēsertūrōrum, dēsertūrōs, dēsertūrum | dēserendus dēserundus |
gerunddēserendī, dēserendō, dēserendumsupinedēsertum, dēsertū
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- proelium deserere
- to give up the fight.
- honestatem deserere
- to deviate from the path of virtue.
- agros fertiles deserere
- to leave fertile ground untilled.
- loca deserta (opp. frequentia)
- deserts.
- nullam officii partem deserere
- to fulfil one's duty in every detail.
- officium suum deserere, neglegere
- to neglect one's duty.
- a fortuna desertum, derelictum esse
- to be abandoned by good luck.
dē-sĕro, no
I. perf., sĭtum, 3, v. a., to sow, plant:
desitis seminibus, Varr. R. R. 1, 23, 6.dē-sĕro, rŭi, rtum, 3, v. a. Lit.,
I. to undo or sever one's connection with another; hence, with esp. reference to the latter, to leave, forsake, abandon, desert, give up (cf. derelinquere; more restricted in signif. than relinquere, which denotes, in general, to depart from, to leave any one. Deserere, orig. in milit. lang., implies a cowardly running away; frequently used with prodere; also in the flg. phrase: deserere vitam; and later, absol. in the sense of to desert, etc.; cf. also: linquere, destituere, deficere, discedere—freq. and class.).
I. Lit.
A. In gen.:
ut jurent omnes, se exercitum ducesque non deserturos neque prodituros, Caes. B. C. 1, 76, 2; cf. id. ib. 2, 32, 7: deseritur a suis Varus, id. ib. 1, 13, 3; cf. id. ib. 1, 15, 3; id. B. G. 5, 3, 6 al.: pignus, Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 75 et saep.: te amantem non deseram, id. Ps. 1, 1, 101; cf. id. Mil. 4, 8, 53 et saep.: cum amici partim deseruerint me, partim etiam prodiderint, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 3, 5: me deseruisti ac dereliquisti, id. Planc. 5, 13; cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 51, and v. the foll.: Avaricum, Caes. B. G. 7, 30, 2; cf.: cunctis oppidis castellisque desertis, id. ib. 2, 29: fratrem ne desere frater, Verg. A. 10, 600: thalamos ne desere pactos, id. ib. 10, 649: bellum, Just. 5, 2, 10: victoriam, id. 14, 3, 6: milites insepultos, Curt. 5, 13, 3: metu locum, Tac. A. 1, 65 et saep.—B. Absol., in milit. lang., to desert, Nep. Eum. 5, 1; Sen. de Ira, 2, 10, 1; Tac. A. 13, 35; Quint. 9, 2, 85; Amm. Marc. 31, 7, 4; Dig. 49, 16, 3, § 7 sq. al.—
II. Trop., to leave, desert, abandon:
Petreius non deserit sese, armat familiam, etc., Caes. B. C. 1, 75, 2: suum jus, Cic. Caecin. 35 fin.; cf.: desertarum derelictarumque rerum patrocinium suscipere, id. N. D. 1, 5, 11: preces, promissa, spem, obsecrationem et fideles litteras alicujus, id. Att. 3, 19, 2: causam, id. Sull. 20, 58; cf.: desertam ac proditam causam queri, Liv. 2, 54: ullam officii partem, Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 24; cf. officium (with praetermittere defensionem), id. Off. 1, 9: susceptum officium, Caes. B. C. 3, 18: vitam, Cic. Sest. 22 fin.; cf. id. de Sen. 20, 72: deditionem, Sall. J. 70, 1: studia sapientiae, Quint. 12, 2, 8: viam virtutis, Hor. Od. 3, 24, 44: vestigia Graeca, id. A. P. 287: fastidiosam copiam, id. Od. 3, 29, 9.—2. Esp., leg. t. t.:
vadimonia deserere, to forfeit recognizance, fail to appear, Cic. Cat. 2, 3, 5; id. Quint. 23, 75 et saep.—So absol.: deserui, tempestatibus impeditus, Quint. 3, 6, 78.—B. Of subjects not personal, to fail, forsake, etc.:
genua hunc cursorem deserunt, Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 13; cf.: aliquem corpus, vires, Tac. A. 6, 50: donec te deseret aetas, Hor. Ep. 1, 20, 10: me lucerna, Cic. Att. 7, 7 fin.: fama Curium Fabricium, id. Tusc. 1, 46, § 110; cf.: nec facundia deseret hunc nec lucidus ordo, Hor. A. P. 41 et saep.— Poet.: mensa deserit toros, is removed from, Ov. H. 12, 52.—Pass.: deseremur potius a re familiari, quam a republica, Cic. Att. 16, 3; cf. Caes. B. G. 5, 34, 2; Cic. Att. 3, 15: a tribunitia voce, id. Clu. 40, 110; Vell. 2, 80; Just. 2, 4, 29 al.; and poet. with simple abl.: deseror conjuge, Ov. H. 12, 161; Prop. 2, 7, 17: desertus viribus leo, Phaedr. 1, 21, 3; Stat. Th. 4, 707; cf. suis, Tac. A. 3, 20 fin.; Suet. Cal. 12.— With gen.: deserta natorum, Stat. Th. 5, 608.—Hence, dēsertus, a, um, P. a., deserted; esp. of places, desert, solitary, waste. A. Adj. (cf.:
vastus, inanis, solitarius): in locis desertis, Caes. B. G. 5, 53, 4: urbes dirutae ac pene desertae, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 8: deserta via et inculta, id. Cael. 18: frequens an desertus locus, Quint. 5, 10, 37: terra, Vulg. Lev. 26, 33 et saep.—Of objects in solitary places: stipes, Tib. 1, 1, 12 (21 M.): arbores, Prop. 1, 20, 36.—Subst.: dē-serta, ae, f., the abandoned wife: multi filii desertae, Vulg. Gal. 4, 27.—Comp.: reditus desertior, Cic. Pis. 23, 55: nihil turpius ac desertius, id. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 5.—Sup.: orae desertissimae, id. Sest. 22, 50: solitudo, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 67 al.—B. Since the Aug. per. subst.: dēserta, ōrum, n., desert places, deserts, wastes, Verg. E. 6, 81; id. G. 3, 342; Plin. 5, 4, 4, § 26 al.—With gen.:
Libyae deserta, Verg. A. 1, 384; so id. G. 3, 291; Front. Strat. 1, 7, 7; Vulg. Isa. 52, 9 al.—In sing.: dēsertum, i, n. (eccl. Lat.): in deserto, Prud. Apoth. 774; Hier. Ep. 125, 2; Vulg. Num. 1, 1; Luc. 3, 2 et saep.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
dē-serō ruī, rtus, ere,
to leave, forsake, abandon, desert, give up: exercitum, Cs.: castra, L.: castellis desertis, Cs.: fratrem, V.: thalamos pactos, V.: Mensa deserit toros, is removed from, O.: Raro scelestum Deseruit poena, fails to follow up, H.: qui non deseruerant, revolted, N.—Fig., to leave, desert, abandon, forsake, leave in the lurch: hoc timet, Ne deseras se, T.: me in his malis, T.: non deserit sese, armat familiam, etc., Cs.: suum ius: desertarum rerum patrocinium suscipere: quae faciebam, ea ut deseram, the course of conduct, S.: inceptum, V.: vitae reliquum: viam virtutis, H.: deseror coniuge, O.: desertus suis, Ta.—Esp., in law: vadimonium mihi, to forfeit his recognizance: vadimonia deserere quam illum exercitum maluerunt.—Of things, to fail, forsake: tempus quam res maturius me deseret, S.: donec te deseret aetas, H.: nisi me lucerna deseret: facundia deseret hunc, H.: deserta (natura) deseret ignīs, let die, O.: leo desertus viribus, Ph.: a fortunā deseri, Cs.: a tribuniciā voce.
Origins
- Proto-Indo-European*de
- Proto-Indo-European*déh₁
- Proto-Italic*dē
- Latindēserō
Latin dē- Latin serō Latin dēserō From dē- (“away, from”) + serō (“to bind, join”).
Descendants
- Englishdesert
- Italiandisertare
- Spanishdesertar