noun · femininethird declension
cupiditās
cupiditās f (genitive cupiditātis)
Classical[kʊˈpɪ.dɪ.taːs]Ecclesiastical[kuˈpiː.di.tas]
Mille Verba core vocabulary
Meaning
- desire (deemed good, neutral or bad)
- lust, passion
Is, M. Messālā et M. Pupio Pīsōne cōnsulibus, rēgnī cupiditāte inductus coniūrātiōnem nōbilitātis fēcit, et cīvitātī persuāsit ut dē fīnibus suīs cum omnibus cōpiīs exīrent: perfacile esse, cum virtūte omnibus praestārent, tōtīus Galliae imperiō potīrī.
He, with Marcus Messala and Marcus Piso being consuls, incited by a lust for power, formed a conspiracy amongst the nobility, and persuaded the people to come forth from their lands with all of their possessions, [saying] that it would be very easy, as they were all distinguished in valor, to acquire the supremacy over all of Gaul.c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de bello Gallico 1.2coercere omnes cupiditates
to control all of one's lusts55 BCE, Cicero, De oratore 1.43 - cupidity, avarice, greed, covetousness
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
animus cupidus, nimium dēsīderium.cupiditās -ātis f — in Mille Verba, Convīvium
a desire
cupiditās — in Seneca, ch. X
Choosing the right word Döderlein's Latin Synonyms
Cupido · Cupiditas · Libido · Voluptas
1. Cupido is the desire after something, considered actively, and as in action, in opp. to aversion; whereas cupiditas is the passion of desire, considered neutrally, as a state of mind, in opp. to tranquillity of mind. Cupido must necessarily, cupiditas may be, in construction with a genitive, expressed or understood; in this case, cupido relates especially to possession and money, cupiditas, to goods of every kind. Vell. P. ii. 33. Pecuniæ cupidine: and further on, Interminatam imperii cupiditatem. 2. Cupido and cupiditas stand in opp. to temperate wishes; libido (from λίψ) the intemperate desire and capricious longing after something, in opp. to rational will, ratio, Suet. Aug. 69, or voluntas, Cic. Fam. ix. 16. Libidines are lusts, with reference to the want of self-government; voluptates, pleasures, in opp. to serious employments, or to pains. Tac. H. ii. 31. Minus Vitellii ignavæ voluptates quam Othonis flagrantissimæ libidines timebantur. (v. 60.)
Declension
| form | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | cupiditās | cupiditātēs |
| genitive | cupiditātis | cupiditātum cupiditātium |
| dative | cupiditātī | cupiditātibus |
| accusative | cupiditātem | cupiditātēs |
| ablative | cupiditāte | cupiditātibus |
| vocative | cupiditās | cupiditātēs |
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- imperare cupiditatibus
- to overcome one's passions.
- effrenatae cupiditates
- unrestrained, unbridled lust.
- indomitae animi cupiditates
- unrestrained, unbridled lust.
- cupiditates explere, satiare
- to satisfy one's desires.
- aliquem cupiditate inflammare
- to rouse a person's interest, cupidity.
- cupiditatibus servire, pārēre
- to be the slave of one's desires.
- cupiditatem alicuius accendere
- to rouse a person's interest, cupidity.
- aliquem ad cupiditatem incitare
- to rouse a person's interest, cupidity.
9 more phrases
- refrenare cupiditates, libidines
- to bridle one's desires.
- veri videndi, investigandi cupiditas
- love of truth.
- cupiditates deferbuerunt (Cael. 18. 43)
- the passions have cooled down.
- cupiditate alicuius rei ardere, flagrare
- to have an ardent longing for a thing.
- cupiditatibus occaecari (Fin. 1. 10. 33)
- to be blinded by passions.
- gloriae, laudis cupiditate incensum esse, flagrare
- to be consumed by the fires of ambition.
- cupiditate alicuius rei accensum, inflammatum esse
- to be fired with desire of a thing.
- coercere, cohibere, continere, domitas habere cupiditates
- to overcome one's passions.
- aliquem cupiditate honorum inflammare (or aliquem ad cupiditatem honorum inflammare)
- to kindle ambition in some one's mind.
cŭpĭdĭtas, ātis (
I. gen. plur. rarely -tatium, Cic. Sest. 66, 138; Sen. Ep. 5, 7), f. cupidus, a desire, wish, longing, in a good and (more freq.) in a bad sense.
I. In a good sense, a longing, desire.
(a). With gen.:
insatiabilis quaedam veri videndi, Cic. Tusc. 1, 19, 44: cognoscendi, id. ib.: imitandi, id. Brut. 92, 317: mirabilis pugnandi, Nep. Milt. 5, 1 al.: justi et magni triumphi, Cic. Pis. 25, 59: gloriae, id. ib.: mira studiorum, Tac. Or. 2: cibi, appetite, Cels. 2, 3 al.—(g). Absol.:
nimis flagrare cupiditate, Cic. de Or. 1, 30, 134: nimis confidere propter cupiditatem, on account of warm desire, id. Off. 1, 21, 73: de voluntate tuā, ut simul simus, vel studio potius et cupiditate non dubito, eager longing, id. Att. 12, 26, 1; cf.: tanta erat magnificentia apud opulentiores, cupiditas apud humiliores, devotion, enthusiasm, Auct. B. G. 8, 51 fin.—II. In a bad sense, a passionate desire, lust, passion, cupidity.
A. In gen.
(a). With gen.:
pecuniae, Caes. B. G. 6, 22; Quint. 7, 2, 30 al.: praedae, Caes. B. G. 6, 34: praeceps et lubrica dominandi, Cic. Phil. 5, 18, 50: laedendi, Quint. 5, 7, 30: diutius exigendi mercedulas, id. 12, 11, 14 et saep. —(b). Absol.:
vel libido vel cupiditas, Cic. Tusc. 4, 19, 44: vita maxime disjuncta a cupiditate, id. Rosc. Am. 14, 39: caeca ac temeraria dominatrix animi cupiditas, id. Inv. 1, 2, 2: mala, Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 34: vita hominum sine cupiditate agitabatur, Sall. C. 2, 1: indomitas cupiditates atque effrenatas habere, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 24, § 62; cf.: domitas habere libidines, coërcere omnes cupiditates, id. de Or. 1, 43, 194 et saep.: P. Naso omni carens cupiditate (i. e. non appetens provinciam), id. Phil. 3, 10, 25: temeritatem cupiditatemque militum reprehendit, immoderate love of fighting, Caes. B. G. 7, 52.—b. Carnal desire, lust, Plin. 36, 5, 4, § 21;
of animals, Col. 6, 27, 4.—2. Transf., the object of desire (cf. ἐπιθυμία):
alicujus ex inpurissimis faucibus inhonestissimam cupiditatem eripere, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 6, § 19; cf. id. Scaur. 14, 45.—B. In partic.
1. A passionate desire for money or other possessions; avarice, cupidity, covetousness:
nisi ipsos caecos redderet cupiditas et avaritia et audacia, Cic. Rosc. Am. 35, 101; so with avaritia, Quint. 12, 1, 6; Suet. Dom. 9: et contemptus pecuniae et cupiditas, Quint. 7, 2, 30; opp. abstinentia, Suet. Dom. 9; 10: cupiditas causa sceleris fuit, Quint. 5, 12, 6 Spald.; 3, 5, 10; 5, 10, 34; Suet. Calig. 44 al.—b. The passion of love:
cupiditatis ardor, Curt. 8, 4, 27: insana, Val. Max. 7, 3, 10: aliquam non cupiditate tantā diligere, ut, etc., Suet. Calig. 24.—c. Greediness of gain in trade, usury, overreaching, fraud, Cic. Att. 1, 17, 9.—
d. The lust of power, ambition (post-Aug.):
non te propria cupiditas, sed aliena utilitas principem fecit, Plin. Pan. 7.—2. An undue partiality, spirit of party:
(testes) aut sine ullo studio dicebant, aut cum dissimulatione aliquā cupiditatis, Cic. Fl. 10, 21; 26, 64; id. Planc. 17, 43; Liv. 24, 28, 8.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
cupiditās ātis (gen plur. -tātum, rarely -tātium, C.), f
cupidus, a longing, desire, passion, eagerness: nimis confidere propter cupiditatem: insatiabilis veri videndi: pecuniae, Cs.: libertatis. pugnandi, N.: militum, zeal, Cs.: ad reditum: popularis, a demagogue's ambition.—Excessive desire, lust, passion: vita disiuncta a cupiditate: caeca dominatrix animi: mala, T.: coërcere omnīs cupiditates: ardens in cupiditatibus, S.—Avarice, cupidity, covetousness: nisi ipsos caecos redderet cupiditas.—An object of desire: alicuius ex faucibus cupiditatem eripere.—Partisanship, partiality, unfairness: cupiditatis atque inimicitiarum suspicio: dissimulatio cupiditatis: cupiditas ac studium, partiality and prejudice, L.: omni carens cupiditate, etc., i. e. without personal feeling.
Origins
- Proto-Indo-European*kwep-
- Latincupiditās
Proto-Indo-European *kup-yé-tider. Proto-Italic *kupjō Latin cupiō Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-der. Proto-Italic *-iðos Latin -idus Latin cupidus Proto-Indo-European *-teh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-ts Proto-Indo-European *-teh₂ts Proto-Italic *-tāts Latin -tās Latin cupiditās From cupidus (“desiring”) + -tās (“ty”).
Descendants
- Englishcupidity
- Frenchcupidité
- Italiancupidità
- Italiancupidigiafrom Vulgar Latin *cupidĭtia
- Catalancobdíciafrom Vulgar Latin *cupidĭtia
- Portuguesecobiçafrom Vulgar Latin *cupidĭtia
- Spanishcodiciafrom Vulgar Latin *cupidĭtia
- Old Liguriancovèa
- Piedmontesecovèia
- Franco-Provençalcoveizi
In English words that came into English from cupiditās
- covetcupiditās
- covetouscupiditās
- cupiditycupiditās