LATIN DICTIONARYLexicon Latīnum
verbthird conjugation

cōnfundō

cōnfundō (present infinitive cōnfundere, perfect active cōnfūdī, supine cōnfūsum)
Classical[kõːˈfʊn.doː]Ecclesiastical[koɱˈfun.do]

Meaning

  1. to pour, mingle, stir up
  2. to diffuse, suffuse, spread over
  3. figurativelyto unite, mix together, join, combine, mingle
  4. figurativelyto confound, confuse, jumble together, bring into disorder; disconcert, perplex

Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers

Conjugation conjugation 3

active indicative
formpresentimperfectfutureperfectpluperfectfut. perfect
1st sg.cōnfundōcōnfundēbamcōnfundamcōnfūdīcōnfūderamcōnfūderō
2nd sg.cōnfundiscōnfundēbāscōnfundēscōnfūdistīcōnfūderāscōnfūderis
3rd sg.cōnfunditcōnfundēbatcōnfundetcōnfūditcōnfūderatcōnfūderit
1st pl.cōnfundimuscōnfundēbāmuscōnfundēmuscōnfūdimuscōnfūderāmuscōnfūderimus
2nd pl.cōnfunditiscōnfundēbātiscōnfundētiscōnfūdistiscōnfūderātiscōnfūderitis
3rd pl.cōnfunduntcōnfundēbantcōnfundentcōnfūdērunt
cōnfūdēre		cōnfūderantcōnfūderint
active subjunctive
active subjunctive
formpresentimperfectperfectpluperfect
1st sg.cōnfundamcōnfunderemcōnfūderimcōnfūdissem
2nd sg.cōnfundāscōnfunderēscōnfūderīscōnfūdissēs
3rd sg.cōnfundatcōnfunderetcōnfūderitcōnfūdisset
1st pl.cōnfundāmuscōnfunderēmuscōnfūderīmuscōnfūdissēmus
2nd pl.cōnfundātiscōnfunderētiscōnfūderītiscōnfūdissētis
3rd pl.cōnfundantcōnfunderentcōnfūderintcōnfūdissent
passive indicative
passive indicative
formpresentimperfectfuture
1st sg.cōnfundorcōnfundēbarcōnfundar
2nd sg.cōnfunderis
cōnfundere		cōnfundēbāris
cōnfundēbāre		cōnfundēris
cōnfundēre
3rd sg.cōnfunditurcōnfundēbāturcōnfundētur
1st pl.cōnfundimurcōnfundēbāmurcōnfundēmur
2nd pl.cōnfundiminīcōnfundēbāminīcōnfundēminī
3rd pl.cōnfundunturcōnfundēbanturcōnfundentur
passive subjunctive
passive subjunctive
formpresentimperfect
1st sg.cōnfundarcōnfunderer
2nd sg.cōnfundāris
cōnfundāre		cōnfunderēris
cōnfunderēre
3rd sg.cōnfundāturcōnfunderētur
1st pl.cōnfundāmurcōnfunderēmur
2nd pl.cōnfundāminīcōnfunderēminī
3rd pl.cōnfundanturcōnfunderentur
imperative
imperative
formactivepassive
pres. 2nd sg.cōnfundecōnfundere
pres. 2nd pl.cōnfunditecōnfundiminī
fut. 2nd sg.cōnfunditōcōnfunditor
fut. 3rd sg.cōnfunditōcōnfunditor
fut. 2nd pl.cōnfunditōte—
fut. 3rd pl.cōnfunduntōcōnfunduntor
infinitives & participles
infinitives & participles
formactivepassive
present infinitivecōnfunderecōnfundī
perfect infinitivecōnfūdissecōnfūsum esse
future infinitivecōnfūsūrum essecōnfūsum īrī
present participlecōnfundēns—
perfect participle—cōnfūsus
future participlecōnfūsūrus
cōnfūsūra, cōnfūsūrā, cōnfūsūrae, cōnfūsūram, cōnfūsūrārum, cōnfūsūrās, cōnfūsūre, cōnfūsūrī, cōnfūsūrīs, cōnfūsūrō, cōnfūsūrōrum, cōnfūsūrōs, cōnfūsūrum		cōnfundendus
cōnfundundus, cōnfundenda, cōnfundendā, cōnfundendae, cōnfundendam, cōnfundendārum, cōnfundendās, cōnfundende, cōnfundendīs, cōnfundendōrum, cōnfundendōs
gerundcōnfundendī, cōnfundendō, cōnfundendumsupinecōnfūsum, cōnfūsū

Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book

omnes leges confundere
to upset the whole constitution.
confusum, perturbatum esse
to be confused.
vera cum falsis confundere
to confuse true with false.

con-fundo, fūdi, fūsum, 3, v. a.
I. To pour, mingle, or mix together (class. in prose and poetry).
A. Prop.: unā multa jura (cocos), Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 120; cf.: jus confusum sectis herbis, Hor. S. 2, 4, 67: (venenum) in poculo, cum ita confusum esset ut secerni nullo modo posset, Cic. Clu. 62, 173; Dig. 6, 1, 3, § 2: cum ignis oculorum cum eo igne, qui est ob os offusus, se confudit et contulit, Cic. Univ. 14: cumque tuis lacrimis lacrimas confundere nostras, Ov. H. 2, 95: confundere crebroque permiscere mel, acetum, oleum, Plin. 29, 3, 11, § 50: omnia arenti ramo (Medea), Ov. M. 7, 278: (Alpheus) Siculis confunditur undis, mingles, Verg. A. 3, 696: mixtum flumini subibat mare, Curt. 9, 9, 7: (cornua cervi contrita) pulvereae confusa farinae, Ov. Med. Fac. 61: aes auro, Plin. 34, 2, 3, § 5.—
B. Meton.
1. In gen., to mingle, unite, join, combine (rare): (decorum) totum illud quidem est cum virtute confusum, sed mente cogitatione distinguitur, Cic. Off. 1, 27, 95; so, vera cum falsis, id. Ac. 2, 19, 61: est id quidem in totam orationem confundendum, id. de Or. 2, 79, 322: vis quaedam sentiens quae est toto confusa mundo, id. Div. 1, 52, 118: sermones in unum, Liv. 7, 12, 14; cf. id. 40, 46, 13: duo populi in unum confusi, id. 1, 23, 2: diversum confusa genus panthera camelo ( = camelopardalis, the giraffe), Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 195: rusticus urbano confusus, id. A. P. 213; cf.: quinque continuos dactylos, Quint. 9, 4, 49: subjecta sibi vocalis in unum sonum coalescere et confundi nequiret, id. 1, 7, 26.—Of bringing together in speech: cuperem equidem utrumque (una dijudicare), sed est difficile confundere, Cic. Tusc. 1, 11, 23; cf. id. Brut. 26, 100.—Poet.: proelia cum aliquo, Hor. C. 1, 17, 23 al.—More freq.,
2. Esp., with the idea of confounding, disarranging, to confound, confuse, jumble together, bring into disorder: an tu haec ita confundis et perturbas, ut quicumque velit, quod velit, quo modo velit possit dedicare? Cic. Dom. 49, 127: omnis corporis atque animi sensus, Lucr. 2, 946; cf. id. 2, 439: aëra per multum confundi verba necesse'st Et conturbari vocem, id. 4, 558: confusa venit vox inque pedita, id. 4, 562 sq.: censeo omnis in oratione esse quasi permixtos et confusos pedes, Cic. Or. 57, 195: particulae primum confusae postea in ordinem adductae a mente divinā, id. Ac. 2, 37, 118: signa et ordines peditum atque equitum, Liv. 9, 27, 10: jura gentium, id. 4, 1, 2: priora, Quint. 10, 5, 23: ordinem disciplinae, Tac. H. 1, 60; cf.: ordinem militiae, id. ib. 2, 93: lusum, Suet. Claud. 33: annum (together with conturbare), id. Aug. 31 et saep.: foedus, to violate (συγχέειν, Hom. Il. 4, 269), Verg. A. 5, 496; 12, 290: summa imis, Curt. 8, 8, 8: imperium, promissa, preces confundit in unum, mingles together, Ov. M. 4, 472: jura et nomina, id. ib. 10, 346: fasque nefasque, id. ib. 6, 585: in chaos, id. ib. 2, 299: mare caelo, Juv. 6, 283 (cf.: caelum terris miscere, id. 2, 25): ora fractis in ossibus, i. e. to disfigure the features, make them undistinguishable, Ov. M. 5, 58; Sen. Troad. 1117; cf.: omnia corporis lineamenta, Petr. 105, 10; Just. 3, 5, 11; and vultus, Luc. 2, 191; 3, 758; Stat. Th. 2, 232: oris notas, Curt. 8, 3, 13: si irruptione fluminis fines agri confudit inundatio, Dig. 19, 2, 31: ossa Non agnoscendo confusa reliquit in ore, Ov. M. 12, 251: vultum Lunae, to cloud, obscure, id. ib. 14, 367.—Of disordered health: neque apparet, quod corpus confuderit, Cels. 3, 5, 3.—
b. Trop., of intellectual confusion, to disturb, disconcert, confound, perplex (freq. after the Aug. per.; perh. not in Cic.): audientium animos, etc., Liv. 45, 42, 1; 34, 50, 1: cum confusa memoria esset, id. 5, 50, 6: nos (fulmina), Quint. 8, 3, 5; Plin. Ep. 3, 10, 2: me gravi dolore (nuntius), id. ib. 5, 5, 1; Quint. 1, 12, 1: intellectum, Plin. 21, 18, 70, § 117: inmitem animum imagine tristi, Tac. H. 1, 44: Alexander pudore confusus, Curt. 7, 7, 23: illum ingens confundit honos inopinaque turbat gloria, Stat. Th. 8, 283; Juv. 7, 68: diligentiam monitoris confundit multitudo, Col. 1, 9, 7.—
II. To diffuse, suffuse, spread over (rare).
A. Prop.: cibus in eam venam, quae cava appellatur, confunditur, diffuses itself, Cic. N. D. 2, 55, 137: vinum in ea (vasa), Col. 12, 28 fin.: cruorem in fossam, Hor. S. 1, 8, 28.—
2. Poet., to throw in great numbers: tela per foramina muri, Sil. 14, 333.—
B. Trop.: aliquid in totam orationem, Cic. de Or. 2, 79, 322: vim quandam sentientem atque divinam, quae toto confusa mundo sit, id. Div. 2, 15, 35: rosa ingenuo confusa rubore, suffused with, etc., Col. poët. 10, 260.—Hence, confūsus, a, um, P. a. (acc. to I. B. 2.), brought into disorder, confused, perplexed, disorderly (class. in prose and poetry): ruina mundi, Lucr. 6, 607; cf. natura, id. 6, 600: vox, id. 4, 562; 4, 613; cf.: oratio confusa, perturbata, Cic. de Or. 3, 13, 50: stilus, Quint. 1, 1, 28: verba, Ov. M. 2, 666; 12, 55; 15, 606: suffragium, Liv. 26, 18, 9 Drak. ad loc. (cf.: confusio suffragiorum, Cic. Mur. 23, 47): confusissimus mos, Suet. Aug. 44: clamor, Liv. 30, 6, 2.—With abl.: ipse confusus animo, Liv. 6, 6, 7; cf. id. 35, 35, 18: maerore, id. 35, 15, 9: eodem metu, Quint. 1, 10, 48: somnio, Suet. Caes. 7: irā, pudore, Curt. 7, 7, 23; cf. Ov. H. 21, 111; id. Tr. 3, 1, 81: fletu, Petr. 134, 6: turbā querelarum, Just. 32, 2, 3 al.: ex recenti morsu animi, Liv. 6, 34, 8.—Absol.: Masinissa ex praetorio in tabernaculum suum confusus concessit, Liv. 30, 15, 2: nunc onusti cibo et vino perturbata et confusa cernimus, Cic. Div. 1, 29, 60; Petr. 74, 10; 91, 1 al.: confusus atque incertus animi, Liv. 1, 7, 6: rediit confuso voltu, id. 41, 15, 1; Ov. Tr. 3, 5, 11: ore confuso, Curt. 6, 7, 18; cf.: confusior facies, Tac. A. 4, 63: pavor confusior, Plin. 7, prooem. 1. § 5.— Hence, confūsē, adv., confusedly, without order, disorderly (several times in Cic.; elsewh. rare; not in Quint.): confuse et permiste dispergere aliquid, Cic. Inv. 1, 30, 49: loqui, id. Fin. 2, 9, 27; cf.: confuse varieque sententias dicere, Gell. 14, 2, 17: agere, Cic. N. D. 3, 8, 19: utraque res conjuncte et confuse comparata est, Auct. her. 4, 47, 60: universis mancipiis constitutum pretium, in the lump, Dig. 21, 1, 36.—* Comp.: confusius acta res est, Cic. Phil. 8, 1, 1.—Sup. not in use.

Origins

  1. Proto-Indo-European*ḱe?
  2. Proto-Indo-European*ḱóm
  3. Proto-Italic*kom
  4. Proto-Italic*kom-
  5. Latincōnfundō

Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰew- Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰewd- Proto-Indo-European *-né- Proto-Indo-European *-ti Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰunédti Proto-Italic *hundō Latin fundō Latin cōnfundō From con- (“with, together”) + fundō (“pour”).

Descendants
  • Catalanconfondre
  • Italianconfondere
  • Romaniancufunda
  • Frenchconfondrefrom Old French confondre
  • Englishconfoundfrom Old French confondre
  • Occitanconfondrefrom Old Occitan cofondre
  • Englishconfuse
  • Portugueseconfundir
  • Romanianconfunda
  • Spanishconfundir

Quick answers

What does cōnfundō mean in Latin?
cōnfundō, a verb, means “to pour, mingle, stir up; to diffuse, suffuse, spread over; to unite, mix together, join, combine, mingle”.
What are the principal parts of cōnfundō?
cōnfundō, cōnfundere, cōnfūdī, cōnfūsum (third conjugation).
How do you pronounce cōnfundō?
In classical Latin, [kõːˈfʊn.doː]; in ecclesiastical (church) Latin, [koɱˈfun.do].
Where does cōnfundō come from?
Proto-Indo-European *ḱe? → Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm → Proto-Italic *kom → Proto-Italic *kom- → Latin cōnfundō.