verbfirst conjugation
cēnō
cēnō (present infinitive cēnāre, perfect active cēnāvī, supine cēnātum)
Classical[ˈkeː.noː]Ecclesiastical[ˈt͡ʃɛː.no]
Mille Verba core vocabulary
Meaning
- ambitransitiveto dine, eat dinner, sup
apage, non placet me hoc noctis esse: cenavi modo; proin tu istam cenam largire, si sapis, esurientibus.
Go away! I don't want to eat at this time of night. I've just eaten dinner, so if you have any sense, donate the meal to the hungryc. 190 BCE – 185 BCE, Plautus, Amphitruo 310tu nive Lucana dormis ocreatus, ut aprum cenem ego
Amid Lucanian snows you sleep well-booted, that I may have a boar for dinnerc. 35 BCE, Horatius, Sermones 2.3.234–235 - impersonalsometimesto be served
repotia postridie nuptias apud novum maritum cenatur
Repotia ['next-day's drinking party'] is served at the house of the newlywed groom after the wedding220 BCE – c. 130 BCE, Marcus Pacuvius, Tragedies F 134neque umquam sine aliqua lectione apud eum cenatum est, ut non minus animo quam ventre convivae delectarentur.
1929 translation by J. C. Rolfe and dinner was never served at his house without reading of some kind, so that his guests enjoyed the gratification of the mind as well as of the appetite. (literally, “not ever was dinner served amongst him without some reading, so that not less in their mind than in their gut were the guests delighted”)c. 110 BCE – c. 25 BCE, Cornelius Nepos, De viris illustribus XXV. Atticus 35.2 - to pass the night in feasts
ego me ruri amplexari mavelim patulam bovem cumque ea noctem in stramentis pernoctare perpetim quam tuas centum cenatas noctes mihi dono dari.
I would rather embrace a bull in heat on my farm and spend a whole night with it in straw than be given a hundred nights of banqueting with you as a giftc. 189 BCE, Plautus, Truculentus 277–279
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
cēnam edō; Rōmānī in lectīs cēnant.cēnō -āre — in Mille Verba, Cibus et Convīvium
cibum cum aliīs sūmōcēnō -āre — in Evangelium secundum Matthaeum, ch. 7
cibum vespertīnum sūmōcēnō -āre — in Evangelium secundum Marcum, ch. 4
Conjugation conjugation 1
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | cēnō | cēnābam | cēnābō | cēnāvī | cēnāveram cēnāram | cēnāverō cēnārō |
| 2nd sg. | cēnās | cēnābās | cēnābis | cēnāvistī cēnāstī | cēnāverās cēnārās | cēnāveris cēnāris |
| 3rd sg. | cēnat | cēnābat | cēnābit | cēnāvit cēnāt | cēnāverat cēnārat | cēnāverit cēnārit |
| 1st pl. | cēnāmus | cēnābāmus | cēnābimus | cēnāvimus cēnāmus | cēnāverāmus cēnārāmus | cēnāverimus cēnārimus |
| 2nd pl. | cēnātis | cēnābātis | cēnābitis | cēnāvistis cēnāstis | cēnāverātis cēnārātis | cēnāveritis cēnāritis |
| 3rd pl. | cēnant | cēnābant | cēnābunt | cēnāvērunt cēnārunt, cēnāvēre | cēnāverant cēnārant | cēnāverint cēnārint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | cēnem | cēnārem | cēnāverim cēnārim | cēnāvissem cēnāssem |
| 2nd sg. | cēnēs | cēnārēs | cēnāverīs cēnārīs | cēnāvissēs cēnāssēs |
| 3rd sg. | cēnet | cēnāret | cēnāverit cēnārit | cēnāvisset cēnāsset |
| 1st pl. | cēnēmus | cēnārēmus | cēnāverīmus cēnārīmus | cēnāvissēmus cēnāssēmus |
| 2nd pl. | cēnētis | cēnārētis | cēnāverītis cēnārītis | cēnāvissētis cēnāssētis |
| 3rd pl. | cēnent | cēnārent | cēnāverint cēnārint | cēnāvissent cēnāssent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | cēnor | cēnābar | cēnābor |
| 2nd sg. | cēnāris cēnāre | cēnābāris cēnābāre | cēnāberis cēnābere |
| 3rd sg. | cēnātur | cēnābātur | cēnābitur |
| 1st pl. | cēnāmur | cēnābāmur | cēnābimur |
| 2nd pl. | cēnāminī | cēnābāminī | cēnābiminī |
| 3rd pl. | cēnantur | cēnābantur | cēnābuntur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | cēner | cēnārer |
| 2nd sg. | cēnēris cēnēre | cēnārēris cēnārēre |
| 3rd sg. | cēnētur | cēnārētur |
| 1st pl. | cēnēmur | cēnārēmur |
| 2nd pl. | cēnēminī | cēnārēminī |
| 3rd pl. | cēnentur | cēnārentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | cēnā | cēnāre |
| pres. 2nd pl. | cēnāte | cēnāminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | cēnātō | cēnātor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | cēnātō | cēnātor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | cēnātōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | cēnantō | cēnantor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | cēnāre | cēnārī |
| perfect infinitive | cēnāvisse cēnāsse | cēnātum esse |
| future infinitive | cēnātūrum esse | cēnātum īrī |
| present participle | cēnāns cēnante, cēnantem, cēnantēs, cēnantī, cēnantia, cēnantibus, cēnantis, cēnantīs, cēnantium | — |
| perfect participle | — | cēnātus cēnāta, cēnātā, cēnātae, cēnātam, cēnātārum, cēnātās, cēnātī, cēnātōrum, cēnātōs |
| future participle | cēnātūrus cēnātūra, cēnātūrā, cēnātūrae, cēnātūram, cēnātūrārum, cēnātūrās, cēnātūre, cēnātūrī, cēnātūrīs, cēnātūrō, cēnātūrōrum, cēnātūrōs, cēnātūrum | cēnandus |
gerundcēnandī, cēnandō, cēnandumsupinecēnātum, cēnātū
cēno (caen- and coen-), āvi (e. g. Lucil. ap. Cic. Fin. 2, 8, 24: Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 154; Cic. Fam. 1, 2, 3; Suet. Aug. 64; id. Calig. 24 al.; acc. to Varr. ap. Gell. 2, 25, 7, also cenatus sum, but of that only the
I. part. cenatus is in use; v. infra, and cf. poto and prandeo), ātum, 1, v. n. and a. [cena].
I. Neutr., to take a meal, to dine, eat (class., and very freq.):
libenter, Cato, R. R. 156, 1: cenavi modo, Plant. Am. 1, 1, 154: lepide nitideque, id. Cas. 3, 6, 32: bene, Lucil l. l.; cf. belle, Mart. 11, 34, 4: solus, id. 11, 35, 4 spes bene cenandi, Juv. 5, 166: bene, libenter, recte, frugaliter, honeste... prave, nequiter, turpiter, Cic. Fin. 2, 8, 25: melius, id. Tusc. 5, 34, 97: foris, Plaut. Men. 1, 2, 17; Mart. 12, 19: foras, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 6, § 19: lauto paratu, Juv. 14, 13 al.: apud aliquem, Plaut. Stich. 4, 1, 7; Cic. Fam. 1, 2, 3; Appius ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 60, 246; Suet. Caes. 39 al.: cum aliquo, Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 70; Suet. Calig. 24; Juv. 10, 235 al.: unā, Hor. S. 2, 8, 18; Suet. Aug. 64; id. Vit. Ter. 2: in litore, Quint. 7, 3, 31 et saep.—(b). Pass. impers.:
cenaretur, Suet. Tib. 42: apud eum cenatum est, Nep. Att. 14, 1; so Liv. 2, 4, 5.—(g). Part. perf.: cenatus, that has taken food, having dined (class.): cenatus ut pransus, ut potus, ut lotus, id est confectā coenā, Varr. ap. Non. p. 94, 14 sq.:
cenati atque appoti, Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 75: quid causae excogitari potest, cur te lautum voluerit, cenatum noluerit occidere, Cic. Deiot. 7, 20; Plaut. Aul. 2, 7, 6; Cic. Div. 1, 27, 57; id. Att. 2. 16, 1; Sall. J. 106, 4; Hor. S. 1, 10, 61 (cf. Zumpt, Gram. § 633).—II. Act.: aliquid, to make a meal of something, to eat, dine upon (so only poet. or in post-Aug. prose;
esp. freq. in Plaut. and Hor.): cenam, Plaut. Rud. 2, 6, 24: coctum, id. Ps. 3, 2, 56: alienum, id. Pers. 4, 3, 4: aves, Hor. S. 2, 8, 27: aprum, id. ib. 2, 3, 235: olus, id. Ep. 1, 5, 2; 2, 2, 168: pulmenta, id. ib. 1, 18, 48: patinas omasi, id. ib. 1, 15, 34: pisces, id. S. 2, 8, 27: septem fercula, Juv. 1, 95: ostrea, id. 8, 85; Mart. 12, 17, 4: remedia, Plin. 24, 1, 1, § 4; 10, 51, 72, § 142: olla cenanda Glyconi, Pers. 5, 9.—B. Trop.:
magnum malum, Plaut. As. 5, 2, 86: divorum adulteria, i. e. represents at table, Poët. ap. Suet. Aug. 70 (v. the passage in connection).—* C. Of time, to pass in feasting or banqueting:
cenatae noctes, Plaut. Truc. 2, 2, 25.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
cēnō āvī, ātus, āre
cena, to dine, take a meal, eat dinner: spes bene cenandi, Iu.: bene, frugaliter: lauto paratu, Iu.: apud Domitium: unā: cum cenatum esset, L.—P. perf., cenatus, having dined, after dinner: cum cenatus cubitum isset: te cenatum occidere: milites cenatos esse in castris iubet, S.: amet scripsisse (versūs) cenatus, H.— To make a meal of, eat, dine upon. aves, H.: aprum, H.: patinas omasi, H.: pisces, H.: ostrea, Iu.
Origins
Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker-der. Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker(t)s-neh₂ Proto-Italic *kertsnā Old Latin cesna Latin cēna Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti Proto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu. Proto-Italic *-ājō Proto-Italic *-āō Latin -ō Latin cēnō From cēna + -ō.
Descendants
- Italiancenare
- Portuguesecearfrom Old Galician-Portuguese cẽar
- Romaniancina
- Romaniancinare
- Sardiniancenai
- Sardiniancenari
- Sardinianchenare
- Sardiniangenare
- Spanishcenar
- Aromaniantsin