verbfirst conjugation, deponent
calumnior
calumnior (present infinitive calumniārī, perfect active calumniātus sum)
Classical[kaˈɫʊm.ni.ɔr]Ecclesiastical[kaˈlum.ni.or]
Meaning
- deponentto depreciate, misrepresent, cavil at, calumniate, blame unjustly, blackmail
- deponentto contrive tricks, intrigue
- deponentto accuse falsely, bring false information against someone
- deponentto practise legal chicanery, trickery, or subterfuge
Conjugation conjugation 1 deponent
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | calumnior | calumniābar | calumniābor | — | — | — |
| 2nd sg. | calumniāris calumniāre | calumniābāris calumniābāre | calumniāberis calumniābere | — | — | — |
| 3rd sg. | calumniātur | calumniābātur | calumniābitur | — | — | — |
| 1st pl. | calumniāmur | calumniābāmur | calumniābimur | — | — | — |
| 2nd pl. | calumniāminī | calumniābāminī | calumniābiminī | — | — | — |
| 3rd pl. | calumniantur | calumniābantur | calumniābuntur | — | — | — |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | calumnier | calumniārer | — | — |
| 2nd sg. | calumniēris calumniēre | calumniārēris calumniārēre | — | — |
| 3rd sg. | calumniētur | calumniārētur | — | — |
| 1st pl. | calumniēmur | calumniārēmur | — | — |
| 2nd pl. | calumniēminī | calumniārēminī | — | — |
| 3rd pl. | calumnientur | calumniārentur | — | — |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | calumniāre | — |
| pres. 2nd pl. | calumniāminī | — |
| fut. 2nd sg. | calumniātor | — |
| fut. 3rd sg. | calumniātor | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | calumniantor | — |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | calumniārī | — |
| perfect infinitive | calumniātum esse | — |
| future infinitive | calumniātūrum esse | — |
| present participle | calumniāns | — |
| perfect participle | calumniātus calumniāta, calumniātā, calumniātae, calumniātam, calumniātārum, calumniātās, calumniāte, calumniātī, calumniātīs, calumniātō, calumniātōrum, calumniātōs | — |
| future participle | calumniātūrus calumniātūra, calumniātūrā, calumniātūrae, calumniātūram, calumniātūrārum, calumniātūrās, calumniātūre, calumniātūrī, calumniātūrīs, calumniātūrō, calumniātūrōrum, calumniātūrōs, calumniātūrum | calumniandus |
gerundcalumniandī, calumniandō, calumniandumsupinecalumniātum, calumniātū
călumnĭor (anciently kăl-;
I. v. the letter K), ātus, 1, v. dep. act. [calumnia].
I. Jurid. t. t.
A. To accuse falsely, bring false information against a person.
1. Absol.:
calumniari est falsa crimina intendere, Dig. 48, 16, 1, § 1; cf. ib. prooem.: ut hic quoque Apronio... ex miseris aratoribus calumniandi quaestus accederet, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 15, § 38: cum aliquid habeat quod possit criminose ac suspitiose dicere, aperte ludificari et calumniari sciens non videatur, id. Rosc. Am. 20, 55: cum (defensor) accusatorem calumniari criminatur, Auct. Her. 2, 6, 9: nondum Romam accusator Eumenes venerat, qui calumniando omnia detorquendoque suspecta et invisa efficeret, Liv. 42, 42, 5: tabulae veterum aerari debitorum, vel praecipua calumniandi materia, Suet. Aug. 32: magna calumniantium poena, id. Dom. 9: minus objectus calumniantibus foret, Quint. 6, 3, 5: calumniatur accusator actione sacrilegii, cum privata fuerit (pecunia sublata) non sacra, id. 4, 2, 8: an petitorem calumniari, an reum infitiatorem esse, id. 7, 2, 50.—2. With acc.:
si tamen alio crimine postuletur ab eodem, qui in alio crimine eum calumniatus est, puto non facile admittendum eum qui semel calumniatus est, Dig. 48, 2, 7, § 3: sed non utique qui non probat quod intendit calumniari videtur, ib. 48, 16, 1, § 3.—B. To practise chicanery, trickery, or subterfuge:
jacet res in controversiis isto calumniante biennium, Cic. Quint. 21, 67: meque, etiam si diutius calumniarentur. redire jussistis, id. Red. in Sen. 11, 27.—II. In gen., to depreciate, misrepresent, calumniate, to blame unjustly.
A. With personal object:
nam, quod antea te calumniatus sum, indicabo malitiam meam, Cic. Fam. 9, 7, 1; cf.: nisi calumniari naturam rerum homines quam sibi prodesse mallent, Plin. 18, 28, 68, § 272: aliis tamen eum verbis calumniatur, Gell. 6 (7), 3, 23.—With dat. (late Lat.): non solum filio sed etiam patri, Ambros. Inc. Dom. Sacr. 8, 83.—2. Esp., with se, to depreciate one's self, be unduly anxious or careful:
quibusdam tamen nullus est finis calumniandi se, et... qui etiam, cum optima sunt reperta, quaerunt aliquid, quod sit magis antiquum, remotum, inopinatum, Quint. 8 prooem. § 8: neque eos... ad infelicem calumniandi se poenam alligandos puto, id. 10, 3, 10.—B. Absol.: sed calumniabar ipse;
putabam, qui obviam mihi venisset, suspicaturum, i. e. indulged unreasonable fears, Cic. Fam. 9, 2, 3; cf. A. 2. supra.—C. With things as objects, to misrepresent, interpret injuriously, set in a false light: non calumniatur verba nec voltus;
quicquid accidit, benigne interpretando levat, Sen. Ep. 81, 25: suspitionibus inquietantur medicisque jam sani manum porrigunt et omnem calorem corporis sui calumniantur, id. Tranq. 2, 1: festinationem alicujus, Quint. 2, 1, 12: id unum, Tac. H. 3, 75: jus civile, Dig. 10, 4, 19.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
calumnior ātus, ārī, dep.
calumnia, to accuse falsely, prosecute unjustly: calumniandi quaestus, of a false informer: calumniando omnia suspecta efficere, L.: iacet res isto calumniante biennium. —To depreciate, misrepresent, calumniate, slander: te: id unum calumniatus est rumor, Ta.: sed calumniabar ipse, i. e. I kept imagining accusations; Calumniari ... Quod arbores loquantur, cavil, Ph.
Origins
Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti Proto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu. Proto-Italic *-ājō Proto-Italic *-āō Latin -ō Latin calumnior From calumnia (“trickery, artifice”) + -ō.
Descendants
- Englishcalumniate
- Frenchcalomnier
- Romaniancalomniafrom French calomnier
- Italiancalunniare
- Englishchallengefrom Old French chalongier
- Portuguesecaluniar
- Spanishcalumniar
- Galiciancalumniar
- Normancalengierfrom Old French chalongier
In English words that came into English from calumnior
- challengercalumniāre
- calumniatecalumniātus
- calumniatorcalumniātor