verbthird conjugation, deponent
abūtor
abūtor (present infinitive abūtī, perfect active abūsus sum)
Classical[aˈbuː.tɔr]Ecclesiastical[aˈbuː.tor]
Meaning
- deponentto use up, exhaust, consume entirely
- deponentto waste, squander
- deponentto misuse, abuse; use improperly. (+ ablative)
quousque tandem abutere, Catilina, patientia nostra?
When, O Catiline, do you mean to cease abusing our patience?Cicero, in CatilinamAlia interim crūdēlia, inhūmāna praetereō, quod nē tamquam hominibus quidem, sed tamquam iūmentīs abūtimur.
Meanwhile, other cruel, inhuman [treatments of slaves] I omit, because not even as [would be appropriate] for humans, but as [if they were] beasts of burden we abuse [them].c. 4 BCE – 65 CE, Seneca Minor, Epistulae Morales ad Lucilium 47.5
Conjugation conjugation 3 deponent
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | abūtor | abūtēbar | abūtar | — | — | — |
| 2nd sg. | abūteris abūtere | abūtēbāris abūtēbāre | abūtēris abūtēre | — | — | — |
| 3rd sg. | abūtitur | abūtēbātur | abūtētur | — | — | — |
| 1st pl. | abūtimur | abūtēbāmur | abūtēmur | — | — | — |
| 2nd pl. | abūtiminī | abūtēbāminī | abūtēminī | — | — | — |
| 3rd pl. | abūtuntur | abūtēbantur | abūtentur | — | — | — |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | abūtar | abūterer | — | — |
| 2nd sg. | abūtāris abūtāre | abūterēris abūterēre | — | — |
| 3rd sg. | abūtātur | abūterētur | — | — |
| 1st pl. | abūtāmur | abūterēmur | — | — |
| 2nd pl. | abūtāminī | abūterēminī | — | — |
| 3rd pl. | abūtantur | abūterentur | — | — |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | abūtere | — |
| pres. 2nd pl. | abūtiminī | — |
| fut. 2nd sg. | abūtitor | — |
| fut. 3rd sg. | abūtitor | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | abūtuntor | — |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | abūtī | — |
| perfect infinitive | abūsum esse | — |
| future infinitive | abūsūrum esse | — |
| present participle | abūtēns | — |
| perfect participle | abūsus abūsa, abūsā, abūsae, abūsam, abūsārum, abūsās, abūse, abūsī, abūsīs, abūsō, abūsōrum, abūsōs | — |
| future participle | abūsūrus abūsūra, abūsūrā, abūsūrae, abūsūram, abūsūrārum, abūsūrās, abūsūre, abūsūrī, abūsūrīs, abūsūrō, abūsūrōrum, abūsūrōs, abūsūrum | abūtendus abūtundus, abūtenda, abūtendā, abūtendae, abūtendam, abūtendārum, abūtendās, abūtende, abūtendīs, abūtendōrum, abūtendōs |
gerundabūtendī, abūtendō, abūtendumsupineabūsum, abūsū
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- otio abūti or otium ad suum usum transferre
- to use up, make full use of one's spare time.
ăb-ūtor, ūsus, 3, v. dep.,
I. to use up any thing, to use to the end, to consume entirely (utendo vel in usum consumere, Non. p. 76, 29); constr. in ante-class. period with acc., in class. per. with abl.
I. Lit.
(a). With acc.:
nos aurum abusos, Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 126; so, argentum, id. Pers. 2, 3, 10: qui abusus sum tantam rem patriam, id. Trin. 3, 2, 56: operam, Ter. And. prol. 5 Ruhnk.: meretricem, id. Phorm. 2, 3, 66: suam vim, Lucr. 5, 1032.—(b). With abl.:
sumus parati abuti tecum hoc otio, to spend this leisure time with you, Cic. Rep. 1, 9 Creuz; so, otio liberaliter, Vell. 2, 105, 1: omni tempore, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 9, § 25: sole, id. Att. 12, 6, 2: studiis, id. Fam. 9, 6, 5: me abusum isto prooemio, id. Att. 16, 6, 4 al.: abuti aliquā re ad aliquid, to make use of for any purpose, to take advantage of: abuti sagacitate canum ad utilitatem nostram, id. N. D. 2, 60, 151; cf. id. Lig. 1, 1; id. Mil. 2, 6.—Hence, II. In a bad sense, to misuse, to abuse:
sapientiam tuam abusa est haec, Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 29; so in the exordium of the first oration against Cat.: Quousque tandem abutere, Catilina, patientia nostra? will you abuse our patience? libertate, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 43, § 113: intemperanter otio et litteris, id. Tusc. 1, 3, 6: iis festivitatibus insolentius, id. Or. 52, 176 al.: legibus ac majestate ad quaestum, id. Rosc. Am. 19, 54; cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 25, § 61; id. N. D. 1, 23, 64 al.—B. Esp., in rhet. (of words), to use improperly, Cic. Or. 27, 94; id. de Or. 3, 43, 169; Quint. 5, 10, 6 al.!*? Pass.:
abusa, consumed, Plaut. As. 1, 3, 44; so also Varr.: utile utamur potius quam ab rege abutamur, ap. Prisc. p. 792 P., and Q. Hortensius, ib., abusis locis: abutendus, Suet. Galb. 14.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
ab - ūtor ūsus, ī, dep.,
to use up, consume, spend, exhaust: omni tempore: in prologis scribundis operam abutitur, uses up his time, T.—Esp., to make use of for a purpose, apply, turn to account: ignoratione tuā ad hominis miseri salutem. —Implying censure, to abuse, misapply, misuse: legibus ad quaestum: per turpitudinem (divitiis), S.: quousque tandem abutere patientiā nostrā, outrage: hac lenitate meā, presume upon.—Esp., of words, to misapply, force, C.
Origins
Latin ab- Latin ūtor Latin abūtor From ab- (“from, away from”) + ūtor (“use, spend; manage, control”).
Descendants
- Catalanabús
- Englishabuse
- Italianabuso
- Frenchabusfrom Old French abus
- Frenchabuserfrom Old French abus
- Portugueseabuso
- Romanianabuz
- Spanishabuso
- Albanianabuzoj
- Galicianabuso