verbthird conjugation
abrumpō
abrumpō (present infinitive abrumpere, perfect active abrūpī, supine abruptum)
Classical[abˈrʊm.poː]Ecclesiastical[abˈrum.po]
abruptus perf. pass. ptcp.
Meaning
- to break off something (violently); rend, tear, sever
- to cut short; break off; terminate; halt, stop, or end suddenly or abruptly; put an end to
Hīs medium dictīs sermōnem abrumpit, et aurās / aegra fugit [...].
[Dido,] having said these things, halts suddenly in the middle of [their] exchange and, deeply troubled, flees the open air.29 BCE – 19 BCE, Vergilius, Aeneis 4.388–389
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
subitō et violenterabruptē — in IVLIANVS II: Imperium, ch. 2
in mediō subitō dēsinōabrumpō -ere — in Epistulae, ch. 17
broken off, sheer
abruptus -a -um — in De Bello Gallico III
Conjugation conjugation 3
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | abrumpō | abrumpēbam | abrumpam | abrūpī | abrūperam | abrūperō |
| 2nd sg. | abrumpis | abrumpēbās | abrumpēs | abrūpistī | abrūperās | abrūperis |
| 3rd sg. | abrumpit | abrumpēbat | abrumpet | abrūpit | abrūperat | abrūperit |
| 1st pl. | abrumpimus | abrumpēbāmus | abrumpēmus | abrūpimus | abrūperāmus | abrūperimus |
| 2nd pl. | abrumpitis | abrumpēbātis | abrumpētis | abrūpistis | abrūperātis | abrūperitis |
| 3rd pl. | abrumpunt | abrumpēbant | abrumpent | abrūpērunt abrūpēre | abrūperant | abrūperint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | abrumpam | abrumperem | abrūperim | abrūpissem |
| 2nd sg. | abrumpās | abrumperēs | abrūperīs | abrūpissēs |
| 3rd sg. | abrumpat | abrumperet | abrūperit | abrūpisset |
| 1st pl. | abrumpāmus | abrumperēmus | abrūperīmus | abrūpissēmus |
| 2nd pl. | abrumpātis | abrumperētis | abrūperītis | abrūpissētis |
| 3rd pl. | abrumpant | abrumperent | abrūperint | abrūpissent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | abrumpor | abrumpēbar | abrumpar |
| 2nd sg. | abrumperis abrumpere | abrumpēbāris abrumpēbāre | abrumpēris abrumpēre |
| 3rd sg. | abrumpitur | abrumpēbātur | abrumpētur |
| 1st pl. | abrumpimur | abrumpēbāmur | abrumpēmur |
| 2nd pl. | abrumpiminī | abrumpēbāminī | abrumpēminī |
| 3rd pl. | abrumpuntur | abrumpēbantur | abrumpentur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | abrumpar | abrumperer |
| 2nd sg. | abrumpāris abrumpāre | abrumperēris abrumperēre |
| 3rd sg. | abrumpātur | abrumperētur |
| 1st pl. | abrumpāmur | abrumperēmur |
| 2nd pl. | abrumpāminī | abrumperēminī |
| 3rd pl. | abrumpantur | abrumperentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | abrumpe | abrumpere |
| pres. 2nd pl. | abrumpite | abrumpiminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | abrumpitō | abrumpitor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | abrumpitō | abrumpitor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | abrumpitōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | abrumpuntō | abrumpuntor |
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | abrumpere | abrumpī |
| perfect infinitive | abrūpisse | abruptum esse |
| future infinitive | abruptūrum esse | abruptum īrī |
| present participle | abrumpēns | — |
| perfect participle | — | abruptus abrupta, abruptā, abruptae, abruptam, abruptārum, abruptās, abrupte, abruptī, abruptīs, abruptō, abruptōrum, abruptōs |
| future participle | abruptūrus abruptūra, abruptūrā, abruptūrae, abruptūram, abruptūrārum, abruptūrās, abruptūre, abruptūrī, abruptūrīs, abruptūrō, abruptūrōrum, abruptūrōs, abruptūrum | abrumpendus abrumpundus, abrumpenda, abrumpendā, abrumpendae, abrumpendam, abrumpendārum, abrumpendās, abrumpende, abrumpendīs, abrumpendōrum, abrumpendōs |
gerundabrumpendī, abrumpendō, abrumpendumsupineabruptum, abruptū
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- medium sermonem abrumpere (Verg. Aen. 4. 388)
- to break off in the middle of the conversation.
ab-rumpo, ūpi, uptum, 3, v. a.,
I. to break off something violently, to rend, tear, sever (poet.; seldom used before the Aug. per., only once in Cic., but afterw. by Verg., Ov., and the histt. often).
I. Lit.: vincla abrupit equus (transl. of the Homeric δεσμὸν ἀπορρήξας, Il. 6, 507), Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 3 (Ann. v. 509 Vahl.); so, nec Lethaea valet Theseus abrumpere caro vincula Pirithoo, * Hor. C. 4, 7, 27; cf. Verg. A. 9, 118:
abrupti nubibus ignes, torn from, Lucr. 2, 214; cf. with the fig. reversed, in Verg.: ingeminant abruptis nubibus ignes, A. 3, 199: abrupto sidere, i. e. hidden by clouds, id. ib. 12, 451: plebs velut abrupta a cetero populo, broken off, torn from, Liv. 3, 19, 9.—II. Trop.:
(legio Martia) se prima latrocinio Antonii abrupit, first freed itself, Cic. Phil. 14, 12: abrumpere vitam, to break the thread of life, Verg. A. 8, 579; 9, 497; so later, abrumpere fata, Sen. Herc. Oet. 893, or, medios annos, Luc. 6, 610: abrumpere vitam a civitate, to leave it, in order to live elsewhere, Tac. A. 16, 28 fin.: fas, to destroy, violate, Verg. A. 3, 55: medium sermonem, to break off, interrupt, id. ib. 4, 388; cf. abruptus: omnibus inter victoriam mortemve abruptis, since all means of escape, except victory or death, were taken from us, Liv. 21, 44, 8.—Hence, ab-ruptus, a, um, P. a., broken off from, separated, esp. of places, inaccessible, or difficult of access. A. Lit., of places, precipitous, steep (syn.:
praeceps, abscissus): locus in pedum mille altitudinem abruptus, Liv. 21, 36: (Roma) munita abruptis montibus, Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 67; Tac. A. 2, 23: petra undique abscissa et abrupta, Curt. 7, 11.—Also absol.: abruptum, i, n., a steep ascent or descent; cf. praeceps: vastos sorbet in abruptum fluctus, she swallows down her gulf, Verg. A. 3, 422.—B. Trop., broken, disconnected, abrupt:
Sallustiana brevitas et abruptum sermonis genus, Quint. 4, 2, 45: contumacia, stubborn, Tac. A. 4, 20.— Comp., Plin. 11, 37, 51, § 138; Tert. adv. Marc. 1, 1.—Sup., Plin. Ep. 9, 39, 5.—Absol.: per abrupta, by rough, dangerous ways, Tac. Agr. 42 fin. (cf. supra: abrupta contumacia).—Adv.: abruptē. 1. Lit., in broken manner, here and there:
palantes flammarum ardores, Amm. 17, 7, 8.—2. Trop., of conduct, hastily, inconsiderately, Just. 2, 15, 4;
of discourse, abruptly, Quint. 3, 8, 6; 4, 1, 79; also, simply, Macr. Somn. Scip. 1, 19.—Comp., Amm. 20, 11.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
ab-rumpō rūpī, ruptus, ere,
to break off, break away, tear, rend, burst, sever: angues crinibus, O.: sua quaeque puppes abrumpunt vincula ripis, break off their hawsers from the bank, V.: ingeminant abruptis nubibus ignes, from the rent clouds, V.: abruptis procellis, by the sudden outbreak of storms, V.: ad terras abrupto sidere nimbus It, i. e. breaks through the sky, V.—Fig.: (legio Martia) se prima latrocinio Antoni abrupit, first freed itself: vitam, to break the thread of life, V.: fas, to violate, V.: medium sermonem, to interrupt, V.: omnibus inter victoriam mortemve abruptis, since all but victory or death was excluded, L.: dissimulationem, to throw off the mask, Ta.
Origins
Latin ab- Proto-Indo-European *Hrew-? Proto-Indo-European *Hrewp- Proto-Indo-European *-né- Proto-Indo-European *Hrunépti Latin rumpō Latin abrumpō From ab- (“from, away from”) + rumpō (“break, burst, tear”).
Descendants
- Frenchabrompre
- Englishabrupt
In English words that came into English from abrumpō
- abruptabruptus
- abruptionabruptio