trucīdō
Meaning
- to slaughter, massacre, cut to pieces, kill in a cruel way
CE 13-14, Augustus, Res Gestae Divi Augusti
Those who cruelly killed my parent, I drove them into exile by legal trials having avenged their deed, and afterwards, when they made war on the republic, I defeated them twice in battle. - to demolish, destroy, ruin
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
crūdēliter occīdōChoosing the right word Döderlein's Latin Synonyms
Interficere · Perimere · Interimere · Necare · Occidere · Jugulare · Obtruncare · Trucidare · Percutere
Interficere and perimere are the most general expressions for putting to death, in whatever manner, and from whatever motive, fame, veneno, suspendio, ferro, suppliciis, dolo, like κτείνειν; but interficere as a usual, perimere as an old, forcible, poetical expression. Interimere involves the accessory notion of privacy, as to remove out of the way; ἀναιρεῖν; necare, that of injustice, or, at least, cruelty, to murder, φονεύειν. Cic. Tusc. v. 20. Dionysius alterum jussit interfici, quia viam demonstravisset interimendi sui. Curt. ix. 7, 8. Boxum protinus placuit interfici; Biconem etiam per cruciatus necari. 2. Occidere, jugulare, trucidare, obtruncare, percutere, denote a sanguinary death-blow; occidere means by cutting down, especially the business of the soldier in honorable open battle; jugulare, by cutting the throat or neck, or rather by a skilfully-directed thrust into the collar-bone, especially the business of the bandit, after the pattern of the gladiator, like σφᾶξαι; obtruncare means to butcher, massacre, and cut to pieces, after the manner of the awkward murderer; trucidare, to slaughter as one would a steer, after the manner of the blood-thirsty miscreant, who, without meeting with resistance, plays the hero on the defenceless; percutere, to execute, as a mere mechanical act, after the manner of the headsman, or other executioner of a sentence of condemnation, or, at least, of a death-warrant. Senec. Contr. iii. 21. Nec dominum occidit, nec domino venenum dedit. Hor. Ep. i. 2. Ut jugulent hominem, surgunt de nocte latrones. Sallust. Fr. Cæteri vice pecorum obtruncantur; so that you may see a mangled mass of limbs, as in the heap of slain in a battle. Tac. Hist. . . . Juberet interfici; offerre se corpora iræ; trucidaret. Cic. Cat. iv. 6. and Rosc. Am. 34. Cujus consilio occisus sit invenio; cujus manu percussus sit non invenio. (iii. 181.)
Conjugation conjugation 1
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | trucīdō | trucīdābam | trucīdābō | trucīdāvī | trucīdāveram | trucīdāverō trucīdārō |
| 2nd sg. | trucīdās | trucīdābās | trucīdābis | trucīdāvistī trucīdāstī | trucīdāverās trucīdārās | trucīdāveris |
| 3rd sg. | trucīdat | trucīdābat | trucīdābit | trucīdāvit | trucīdāverat trucīdārat | trucīdāverit trucīdārit |
| 1st pl. | trucīdāmus | trucīdābāmus | trucīdābimus | trucīdāvimus | trucīdāverāmus | trucīdāverimus trucīdārimus |
| 2nd pl. | trucīdātis | trucīdābātis | trucīdābitis | trucīdāvistis trucīdāstis | trucīdāverātis trucīdārātis | trucīdāveritis trucīdāritis |
| 3rd pl. | trucīdant | trucīdābant | trucīdābunt | trucīdāvērunt trucīdāvēre, trucīdārunt | trucīdāverant trucīdārant | trucīdāverint trucīdārint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | trucīdem | trucīdārem | trucīdāverim trucīdārim | trucīdāvissem trucīdāssem |
| 2nd sg. | trucīdēs | trucīdārēs | trucīdāverīs | trucīdāvissēs trucīdāssēs |
| 3rd sg. | trucīdet | trucīdāret | trucīdāverit trucīdārit | trucīdāvisset trucīdāsset |
| 1st pl. | trucīdēmus | trucīdārēmus | trucīdāverīmus trucīdārīmus | trucīdāvissēmus trucīdāssēmus |
| 2nd pl. | trucīdētis | trucīdārētis | trucīdāverītis trucīdārītis | trucīdāvissētis trucīdāssētis |
| 3rd pl. | trucīdent | trucīdārent | trucīdāverint trucīdārint | trucīdāvissent trucīdāssent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | trucīdor | trucīdābar | trucīdābor |
| 2nd sg. | trucīdāris trucīdāre | trucīdābāris trucīdābāre | trucīdāberis trucīdābere |
| 3rd sg. | trucīdātur | trucīdābātur | trucīdābitur |
| 1st pl. | trucīdāmur | trucīdābāmur | trucīdābimur |
| 2nd pl. | trucīdāminī | trucīdābāminī | trucīdābiminī |
| 3rd pl. | trucīdantur | trucīdābantur | trucīdābuntur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | trucīder | trucīdārer |
| 2nd sg. | trucīdēris trucīdēre | trucīdārēris trucīdārēre |
| 3rd sg. | trucīdētur | trucīdārētur |
| 1st pl. | trucīdēmur | trucīdārēmur |
| 2nd pl. | trucīdēminī | trucīdārēminī |
| 3rd pl. | trucīdentur | trucīdārentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | trucīdā | trucīdāre |
| pres. 2nd pl. | trucīdāte | trucīdāminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | trucīdātō | trucīdātor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | trucīdātō | trucīdātor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | trucīdātōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | trucīdantō | trucīdantor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | trucīdāre | trucīdārī |
| perfect infinitive | trucīdāvisse trucīdāsse | trucīdātum esse |
| future infinitive | trucīdātūrum esse | trucīdātum īrī |
| present participle | trucīdāns | — |
| perfect participle | — | trucīdātus trucīdāta, trucīdātā, trucīdātae, trucīdātam, trucīdātārum, trucīdātās, trucīdātī, trucīdātōrum, trucīdātōs |
| future participle | trucīdātūrus trucīdātūra, trucīdātūrā, trucīdātūrae, trucīdātūram, trucīdātūrārum, trucīdātūrās, trucīdātūre, trucīdātūrī, trucīdātūrīs, trucīdātūrō, trucīdātūrōrum, trucīdātūrōs, trucīdātūrum | trucīdandus trucīdanda, trucīdandā, trucīdandae, trucīdandam, trucīdandārum, trucīdandās, trucīdande, trucīdandīs, trucīdandōrum, trucīdandōs |
cavete neu capti sicut pecora trucidemini, Sall. C. 58, 21; cf.: pecus diripi, trucidari, Auct. B. Afr. 20, 6: cives Romanos necandos trucidandosque curavit, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 3, 7: ne hic ibidem ante oculos vestros trucidetur, id. Rosc. Am. 5, 13: trucidando occidere, Liv. 29, 18, 14: quos ferro trucidari oportebat, eos nondum voce vulnero, Cic. Cat. 1, 4, 9; id. Rosc. Am. 5, 13: ne pueros coram populo Medea trucidet, Hor. A. P. 185: trucidatae legiones, Tac. A. 2, 45: nobilissum corpus ignobili saevitiā, Val. Max. 9, 2, 2.—seu pisces seu porrum et caepe trucidas, chew up, Hor. Ep. 1, 12, 21: haec (nubes) multo si forte umore recepit Ignem, continuo magno clamore trucidat, i. e. extinguishes, Lucr. 6, 147: juventus ne effundat patrimonium, ne fenore trucidetur, Cic. Cael. 18, 42: plebem fenore, Liv. 6, 37, 2.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
Origins
For *trucicīdō, from trux (“savage; harsh”) + caedō.
- Frenchtrucider
- Italiantrucidare
- Portuguesetrucidar
- Spanishtrucidar
- Piedmontesetrucidé
- Piedmontesetrücidé
In English words that came into English from trucīdō
- trucidationtrucidatio