verbthird conjugation
surruō
surruō (present infinitive surruere, perfect active surruī, supine surrutum)
Classical[ˈsʊr.ru.oː]Ecclesiastical[ˈsur.ru.o]
Meaning
- to undermine
- to overthrow or demolish
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
undermine
subruō -ere — in De Bello Gallico III
Conjugation conjugation 3
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | surruō | surruēbam | surruam | surruī | surrueram | surruerō |
| 2nd sg. | surruis | surruēbās | surruēs | surruistī | surruerās | surrueris |
| 3rd sg. | surruit | surruēbat | surruet | surruit | surruerat | surruerit |
| 1st pl. | surruimus | surruēbāmus | surruēmus | surruimus | surruerāmus | surruerimus |
| 2nd pl. | surruitis | surruēbātis | surruētis | surruistis | surruerātis | surrueritis |
| 3rd pl. | surruunt | surruēbant | surruent | surruērunt surruēre | surruerant | surruerint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | surruam | surruerem | surruerim | surruissem |
| 2nd sg. | surruās | surruerēs | surruerīs | surruissēs |
| 3rd sg. | surruat | surrueret | surruerit | surruisset |
| 1st pl. | surruāmus | surruerēmus | surruerīmus | surruissēmus |
| 2nd pl. | surruātis | surruerētis | surruerītis | surruissētis |
| 3rd pl. | surruant | surruerent | surruerint | surruissent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | surruor | surruēbar | surruar |
| 2nd sg. | surrueris surruere | surruēbāris surruēbāre | surruēris surruēre |
| 3rd sg. | surruitur | surruēbātur | surruētur |
| 1st pl. | surruimur | surruēbāmur | surruēmur |
| 2nd pl. | surruiminī | surruēbāminī | surruēminī |
| 3rd pl. | surruuntur | surruēbantur | surruentur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | surruar | surruerer |
| 2nd sg. | surruāris surruāre | surruerēris surruerēre |
| 3rd sg. | surruātur | surruerētur |
| 1st pl. | surruāmur | surruerēmur |
| 2nd pl. | surruāminī | surruerēminī |
| 3rd pl. | surruantur | surruerentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | surrue | surruere |
| pres. 2nd pl. | surruite | surruiminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | surruitō | surruitor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | surruitō | surruitor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | surruitōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | surruuntō | surruuntor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | surruere | surruī |
| perfect infinitive | surruisse | surrutum esse |
| future infinitive | surrutūrum esse | surrutum īrī |
| present participle | surruēns | — |
| perfect participle | — | surrutus surruta, surrutā, surrutae, surrutam, surrutārum, surrutās, surrute, surrutī, surrutīs, surrutō, surrutōrum, surrutōs |
| future participle | surrutūrus surrutūra, surrutūrā, surrutūrae, surrutūram, surrutūrārum, surrutūrās, surrutūre, surrutūrī, surrutūrīs, surrutūrō, surrutūrōrum, surrutūrōs, surrutūrum | surruendus surruenda, surruendā, surruendae, surruendam, surruendārum, surruendās, surruende, surruendīs, surruendōrum, surruendōs |
gerundsurruendī, surruendō, surruendumsupinesurrutum, surrutū
sur-rŭo (subr-), ŭi, ŭtum, 3, v. a.,
I. to tear down below, to undermine, to dig under, dig out; to break down, overthrow, demolish, etc. (class.; perh. not in Cic.).
I. Lit.:
arbores a radicibus, Caes. B. G. 6, 27: robora, Ov. M. 15, 228: ubi ingentes speluncas surruit aetas, Lucr. 6, 545: murum surruunt, Caes. B. G. 2, 6: multis simul locis aut surruti aut ariete decussi ruebant muri, Liv. 33, 17, 9: moenia cuniculo, id. 5, 21, 6: muri partem ariete incusso, id. 31, 46, 15; 21, 11, 8; 34, 29, 6: muros (with perfringere), Tac. H. 3, 28: turrim, Caes. B. C. 2, 12: vallum, Tac. H. 3, 28: arces et stantia moenia, Ov. Tr. 3, 11, 23: arces mundi, Prop. 3, 5 (4, 4), 31: claustra Pelusi Romano ferro, id. 3, 9, 55: montes, Plin. Ep. 8, 17, 3: harena fluctibus subruta, Vitr. 5, 12.—Poet.: haerens Subruta fallaci servat vestigia limo, Stat. Th. 9, 475.—II. Trop., to undermine, subvert, corrupt:
omnis surruitur natura, Lucr. 4, 866: nostram libertatem, Liv. 41, 23, 8: animum laudis avarum, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 180: animos militum variis artibus, Tac. H. 2, 101: aemulos Reges muneribus, Hor. C. 3, 16, 14: ne multorum securitas subruatur, Traj. ap. Plin. Ep. 10, 111 (112).Origins
- Proto-Indo-European*upó
- Proto-Italic*supo
- Latinsurruō
Latin sub- Proto-Indo-European *h₃er- Proto-Indo-European *h₃rew-der. Latin ruō Latin surruō From sub- + ruō.