verbthird conjugation, no passive, no supine stem
subsistō
subsistō (present infinitive subsistere, perfect active substitī)
Classical[sʊpˈsɪs.toː]Ecclesiastical[subˈsis.to]
Meaning
- intransitiveto halt or stop
- transitiveto sustain, support a thing, to be adequate to
‘Sed nullum esse receptum est per se subsistens.’
‘‘But no derived existence can be a self sustainer.’’Thomas Aquinas, Summa Theologiae 1.Q27 a2 Objection 2 - transitiveto hold out, withstand, oppose
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
cōnsistō, mororsubsistō -ere, -stitī — in IVLIANVS III: Persia, ch. 2
Conjugation conjugation 3 no-supine
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | subsistō | subsistēbam | subsistam | substitī | substiteram | substiterō |
| 2nd sg. | subsistis | subsistēbās | subsistēs | substitistī | substiterās | substiteris |
| 3rd sg. | subsistit | subsistēbat | subsistet | substitit | substiterat | substiterit |
| 1st pl. | subsistimus | subsistēbāmus | subsistēmus | substitimus | substiterāmus | substiterimus |
| 2nd pl. | subsistitis | subsistēbātis | subsistētis | substitistis | substiterātis | substiteritis |
| 3rd pl. | subsistunt | subsistēbant | subsistent | substitērunt substitēre | substiterant | substiterint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | subsistam | subsisterem | substiterim | substitissem |
| 2nd sg. | subsistās | subsisterēs | substiterīs | substitissēs |
| 3rd sg. | subsistat | subsisteret | substiterit | substitisset |
| 1st pl. | subsistāmus | subsisterēmus | substiterīmus | substitissēmus |
| 2nd pl. | subsistātis | subsisterētis | substiterītis | substitissētis |
| 3rd pl. | subsistant | subsisterent | substiterint | substitissent |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | subsiste | — |
| pres. 2nd pl. | subsistite | — |
| fut. 2nd sg. | subsistitō | — |
| fut. 3rd sg. | subsistitō | — |
| fut. 2nd pl. | subsistitōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | subsistuntō | — |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | subsistere | — |
| perfect infinitive | substitisse | — |
| present participle | subsistēns | — |
gerundsubsistendī, subsistendō, subsistendum
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- subsistere, consistere
- to halt.
sub-sisto, stĭti, 3, v. n. and a.
I.
I. Neutr., to take a stand or position, to stand still, remain standing; to stop, halt.
A. Lit.
1. In gen.:
reliqui in itinere substiterant, Caes. B. C. 2, 41: in locis campestribus, id. ib. 1, 79: in eodem loco, Hirt. B. G. 8, 16: ad insulam Tauridem, Auct. B. Alex. 45, 1: circa ima (opp. ad summa niti), Quint. prooem. § 20.—Absol.: quo proelio sublati Helvetii audacius subsistere ... coeperunt, Caes. B. G. 1, 15: substitit Aeneas et se collegit in arma, Verg. A. 12, 491; 12, 622; Petr. 111, 8; 115, 8; Plin. 8, 4, 5, § 9: in aliquo flexu viae ... occultus subsistebat, stationed himself in ambush, Liv. 22, 12; so, occultus, id. 9, 23.—b. Of things:
substitit unda, Verg. A. 8, 87: amnis, Plin. Pan. 30, 4: lacrimae, Quint. 11, 1, 54: ros salsus in alarum sinu, Plin. 27, 9, 47, § 71: subsistit radius cubiti, remains in its place, Cels. 8, 16: substitit auspicii lingua timore mali, Ov. H. 13, 86.—2. In partic.
a. To stay, tarry, abide, remain in a place:
locus ubi nationum subsisterent legati, Varr. L. L. 5, § 155 Müll.: erimus ibi die dedicationis: subsistemus fortasse et sequenti, Plin. Ep. 4, 1, 6: intra tecta (opp. in aperto vagari), id. ib. 6, 16, 15: ut eā die domi subsisteret, orabat, Vell. 2, 57, 2.—b. Esp. (late Lat.), to remain alive, Dig. 34, 4, 30, § 3; Vulg. Job, 32, 22.—
c. To make a stand, i. e. to stand firm, hold out; to withstand, oppose, resist:
nisi suffulcis firmiter, Non potes subsistere, Plaut. Ep. 1, 1, 78: Hannibali atque ejus armis, Liv. 27, 7: clipeo juvenis, Verg. A. 9, 806.—(b). Of things:
quod neque ancorae funesque subsisterent, neque, etc., stood, held out, Caes. B. G. 5, 10.— B. Trop.
1. In gen., to stop, halt, pause; to stay, continue, remain, subsist:
subsistere (in dicendo), Quint. 4, 5, 20; Ov. M. 12, 147: subsistit omnis sententia, Quint. 8, 5, 27: altius ibunt qui ad summa nitentur, quam qui circa ima substiterint, id. 1, prooem. 20: intra priorem paupertatem subsistere, Tac. A. 12, 53: equitum nomen subsistebat in turmis equorum publicorum, still remains or subsists only in, etc., Plin. 33, 1, 7, § 30: servum quoque et filium familias procuratorem posse habere aiunt: et quantum ad filium familias, verum est: in servo subsistimus, we pause, hesitate, are in doubt, Dig. 3, 3, 33; 12, 1, 32.—2. In partic.
a. To stand still permanently, i. e. to come to a stop, to cease:
substitit ut clamor pressus gravitate regentis, Ov. M. 1, 207: ingeniumque meis substitit omne malis, id. H. 15, 196: si nihil refert, brevis an longa sit ultima, idem pes erit; verum nescio quo modo sedebit hoc, illud subsistet, Quint. 9, 4, 94.—b. (Acc. to A. 2. c.) To stand, withstand, be adequate to, sustain, support a thing: non si Varronis thesauros haberem, subsistere sumptui possem, Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 10, 5: tantis periclis, Claud. ap. Eutr. 2, 368:
liti, Dig. 21, 2, 62, § 1.—c. To stand by, support any one (Appuleian):
meis extremis aerumnis subsiste, App. M. 11, p. 257, 39; so id. ib. 2, p. 126, 23; 3, p. 139, 28; 5, p. 167, 9; 6, p. 174, 14. —d. To stand or hold good, to subsist (late Lat.):
non eo minus sententia adversus te latā juris ratione subsistit, Cod. Just. 2, 13, 14; 7, 2, 11.—e. To withstand, make resistance:
aut hanc esse veram religionem, cui ad vincendum tanta vis inest, aut illam falsam, quae subsistere non potest, Lact. 4, 27, 6.—II. Act. (acc. to I. A. 2. c.), to make a stand against, withstand, encounter any one (very rare):
praepotentem armis Romanum subsistere, Liv. 9, 31: feras, id. 1, 4.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
sub-sistō stitī, —, ere,
to take a stand, take position, stand still, remain standing, stop, halt: audacius, Cs.: Substitit Aeneas et se conlegit in arma, V.: occultus subsistebat, stationed himself in ambush, L.: positis pars utraque substitit armis, O.: substitit unda, V.: Substitit lingua timore, O.—To remain, abide, stay: circa Mesopotamiam, Cu.: diutius, Cu.: intra priorem paupertatem, Ta. —To make a stand, stand firm, hold out, withstand, oppose, resist: in Samnio adversus Caudinas legiones, L.: Hannibali atque eius armis, L.: clipeo iuvenis, V.: quod neque ancorae funesque subsisterent, neque, etc., held out, Cs.: praepotentem armis Romanum nec acies subsistere ullae poterant, L.—Fig., to come to a stop, end, pause, cease: Substitit clamor, O.
Origins
- Proto-Indo-European*upó
- Proto-Italic*supo
- Latinsubsistō
Latin sub- Proto-Indo-European *steh₂- Proto-Indo-European *stísteh₂ti Proto-Italic *sistō Latin sistō Latin subsistō From sub- (“below”) + sistō (“to stop; to stand”).
Descendants
- Catalansubsistir
- Englishsubsist
- Frenchsubsister
- Italiansussistere
- Portuguesesubsistir
- Romaniansubzista
- Spanishsubsistir
- Galiciansubsistir
- Siciliansussìstiri
In English words that came into English from subsistō
- subsistencesubsistentia
- subsistsubsistō