adjectivefirst/second-declension adjective
sōbrius
sōbrius (feminine sōbria, neuter sōbrium)
Classical[ˈsoː.bri.ʊs]Ecclesiastical[ˈsɔː.bri.us]
Meaning
- adjectivesober (not drunk)
Ecce suburbānā rediēns male sōbrius aede
See! [Someone] barely sober, returning from the suburban shrine, …. (That is, someone having drank wine at the June festival of Fors Fortuna.)8 CE, Ovidius, Fasti 6.785
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
mente clārā, nōn ēbriussōbrius -a -um — in IVLIANVS I: Gallia, ch. 18
Declension
| form | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | sōbrius | sōbria | sōbrium |
| genitive | sōbriī | sōbriae | sōbriī |
| dative | sōbriō | sōbriae | sōbriō |
| accusative | sōbrium | sōbriam | sōbrium |
| ablative | sōbriō | sōbriā | sōbriō |
| vocative | sōbrie | sōbria | sōbrium |
| form | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | sōbriī | sōbriae | sōbria |
| genitive | sōbriōrum | sōbriārum | sōbriōrum |
| dative | sōbriīs | sōbriīs | sōbriīs |
| accusative | sōbriōs | sōbriās | sōbria |
| ablative | sōbriīs | sōbriīs | sōbriīs |
| vocative | sōbriī | sōbriae | sōbria |
sōbrĭus (sōbrĕus), a, um (
I. comp. sobrior, Laber. ap. Charis. p. 64; elsewhere not compared), adj. cf. Gr. σώφρων, σάος; Lat. sanus, not drunk, sober (freq. and class.).
I. Lit., opp. vinolentus, Cic. Ac. 2, 17, 52; so id. Or. 28, 99;
opp. vino madens, Plaut. Truc. 4, 4, 2; opp. madidus, id. Am. 3, 4, 18; cf. Hor. S. 2, 3, 5; Cato Utic. ap. Suet. Caes. 53; and ap. Quint. 8, 2, 9; opp. ebrius, Sen. Ep. 18, 4 (with siccus); Mart. 3, 16, 3; opp. temulentus, Tac. A. 13, 15 et saep.: male sobrius, i. e. ebrius, Tib. 1, 10, 51; Ov. F. 6, 785.—B. Transf., of things (poet. and post-Aug. prose; cf.
ebrius): pocula, Tib. 1, 6, 28 (24): lympha mixta mero, id. 2, 1, 46: nox, in which there was no drinking, Prop. 3, 17 (4, 16), 11; cf. convictus, Tac. A. 13, 15: uva, not intoxicating, Plin. 14, 3, 4, § 31: rura, that furnish no wine, Stat. S. 4, 2, 37; cf. Suet. Dom. 7: sobrium vicum Romae dictum putant, vel quod in eo nulla taberna fuerit, vel quod in eo Mercurio lacte, non vino supplicabatur, Fest. pp. 296 and 297 Müll.: non sobria verba, i. e. of a drunken person, Mart. 1, 28, 5: paupertas, Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 411: lares pauperes nostros, sed plane sobrios revisamus, App. M. 5, p. 163, 31.—II. In gen., sober, moderate, temperate, continent:
parcus ac sobrius, Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 15: vigilans ac sollers, sicca, sana, sobria, Afran. ap. Non. 21, 33 (Com. Rel. p. 148 Rib.): homines frugi ac sobrii, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 27, § 67: auream quisquis mediocritatem Diligit ... caret invidendā Sobrius aulā, Hor. C. 2, 10, 8; Vell. 2, 63, 1: non aestimatur voluptas illa Epicuri, quam sobria et sicca sit, Sen. Vit. Beat. 12, 4: corda, Stat. S. 5, 1, 78: vetus illa Romana virtus et sobria, Amm. 15, 4, 3; opp. libidinosus, Lact. 3, 26, 7.—B. Trop., of the mind, sober, even-minded, clever, sensible, prudent, reasonable, cautious (syn.:
mentis compos, sanus): satin' sanus es aut sobrius? Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 29; cf.: satis credis sobriam esse, id. Eun. 4, 4, 36: tu homo non es sobrius, id. And. 4, 4, 39: vigilantes homines, sobrii, industrii, Cic. Cael. 31, 74: diligentes et memores et sobrii oratores, id. de Or. 2, 32, 140; opp. iracundus, Vell. 2, 41, 1: alte sobria ferre pedem, prudently, Ov. Am. 1, 12, 6.—Of things: opera Proba et sapiens et sobria, Plaut. Pers. 4, 5, 2: ingenium siccum ac sobrium, Sen. Ep. 114, 3: violenta et rapida Carneades dicebat, modesta Diogenes et sobria, Gell. 7, 14, 10.—Hence, adv.: sōbrĭē (acc. to II. A. and B.). 1. Moderately, temperately, frugally: vivere (with parce, continenter, severe;
opp. diffluere luxuriā), Cic. Off. 1, 30, 106.—2. Prudently, sensibly, circumspectly, = prudenter:
ut hoc sobrie agatur, Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 29: curare aliquid, id. Mil. 3, 1, 215: hanc rem accurare, id. Ps. 4, 1, 29; id. Pers. 4, 1, 1.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
sōbrius adj.
2 se+ebrius, not drunk, sober : inter sobrios bacchari: nemo fere saltat sobrius: male sobrius, i. e. ebrius, O.— Free from drunkenness, moderate : convivium.— Sober, moderate, temperate, continent : parcus ac sobrius, T.: homines. —Fig., sober, self-possessed, sensible, prudent, reasonable, cautious : Satin' sanus est aut sobrius? T.: oratores: memento alte sobria ferre pedem, prudently , O.
Origins
From sē- (“without”) + ēbrius (“intoxicated”) "sōbrius" instead of "sēbrius" almost certainly because of Proto-Italic: *swē. Compare: Latin: sodalis, Latin: socors
Descendants
- Catalansobri
- Englishsoberfrom Old French sobre
- Frenchsobrefrom Old French sobre
- Italiansobrio
- Portuguesesóbrio
- Romaniansobru
- Spanishsobrio
- Dutchsoberfrom Old French sobre
- Proto-West Germanic*sūbrī