preposition
sine
sine (+ ablative)
Classical[ˈsɪ.nɛ]Ecclesiastical[ˈsiː.ne]
№ 104 of the 1,000 commonest wordsMille Verba core vocabulary
Meaning
- with ablativewithout
Sum sine rēgnō.
I am without a kingdom.Mundus sine Caesaribus.
A world without Caesars.
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
quasi anhēlānssine spīritū — in IVLIANVS II: Imperium, ch. 18
without
sine — in Viri Romae Facillimi, ch. 12, 14 and Seneca, ch. IX
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- non sine causa
- on good grounds; reasonably.
- sine ulla dubitatione
- without any hesitation; without the least scruple.
- sine (ulla) controversia
- indisputably; incontestably.
- captivos sine pretio reddere
- to restore prisoners without ransom.
- sine modo; nullo modo adhibito
- with no moderation.
- sine dubio (not sine ullo dubio)
- without doubt, beyond all doubt.
- sine mora or nulla mora interposita
- without delay.
- sine fuco ac fallaciis (Att. 1. 1. 1)
- without any disguise, frankly.
1 more phrases
- pecuniam alicui credere (sine fenore, usuris)
- to lend some one money (without interest).
sĭne (old form sē or sēd;
I. v. the foll.), prep. with abl. [si and ne; si, the demonstrative instrumental, and the negative ne;
hence, nesi was also found, Fest. p. 165; cf. Rib. Beiträge, p. 15; Corss. Ausspr. 1, 201; 1, 778]. I. Without.
A. Form se (sed):
socordia compositum videtur ex se, quod est sine, et corde, Fest. pp. 292 and 293 Müll.: sed pro sine inveniuntur posuisse antiqui, id. p. 336 ib.: SI PLVS MINVSVE SECVERVNT SE FRAVDE ESTO, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 20, 1, 49: IM CVM ILLO SEPELIREI VRIVE SE FRAVDE ESTO, id. ap. Cic. Leg. 2, 24, 60: EAM PECVNIAM EIS SED FRAVDE SVA SOLVITO, Inscr. Grut. 509, 20.—B. Form sine:
tu sine pennis vola, Plaut. As. 1, 1, 180: ne quoquam pedem Efferat sine custode, id. Capt. 2, 3, 97: ut (urbs) sine regibus sit, Cic. Rep. 1, 37, 58: sine ullo domino, id. ib. 1, 43, 67: sine ullo certo exemplari formāque rei publicae, id. ib. 2, 11, 22: sine ullius populi exemplo, id. ib. 2, 39, 66: sine ullā dubitatione; v. dubitatio; for which, less freq.: sine omni, etc., Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 38; 4, 1, 20: sine omni malitiā, id. Bacch. 5, 2, 13; Ter. And. 2, 3, 17; Cic. de Or. 2, 1, 5; Ov. Tr. 4, 8, 33: sine dubio; v. dubius: pol si istuc faxis, haud sine poenā feceris, Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 37; cf.: non sine magnā spe, Caes. B. G. 1, 44: non sine conscio Surgit marito, Hor. C. 3, 6, 29; cf.: non sine floribus, id. ib. 3, 13, 2: non sine multis lacrimis, id. ib. 3, 7, 7: non sine fistulā, id. ib. 4, 1, 24.—In poets often with a noun instead of an adjective or adverb; as, sine sanguine, bloodless; sine pondere, weightless; sine fine, endless; sine nomine, nameless; sine sidere, starless; sine viribus, powerless, feeble, etc.: ignea vis et sine pondere caeli, Ov. M. 1, 26; so id. ib. 2, 537; 3, 417; 5, 249; 7, 306; 7, 275; 7, 830; 8, 518; 11, 429; 15, 120; Verg. A. 3, 204; 5, 694; 6, 534; Hor. C. 4, 14, 32 al.—Hence, poet., sine pondere, like a noun in dat., for rebus sine pondere: pugnabant mollia cum duris, sine pondere habentia pondus, Ov. M. 1, 20.—Several times repeated: si sine vi et sine bello velint rapta tradere, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 51; cf.: sine praesidio et sine pecuniā, Cic. Att. 8, 3, 5; and more freq. without et: eam confeci sine molestiā, Sine sumptu, sine dispendio, Ter. Eun. 5, 4, 6 and 7: hominem sine re, sine fide, sine spe, sine sede, sine fortunis, ore, linguā, manu, vita omni inquinatum, Cic. Cael. 32, 78: se solos sine vulnere, sine ferro, sine acie victos, Liv. 9, 5; v. Drak. ad Liv. 7, 2, 4.—With part. and subst. (rare): sine causā antecedente, Cic. Fat. 19, 43: sine externā et antecedente causā, id. ib. 11, 24: sine viso antecedente, id. ib. 19, 44: sine inpensā operā, Liv. 5, 4, 4; 7, 12, 11; 45, 25, 7; cf.: sine rest tutā potestate, id. 3, 52, 2 MSS. et Madv. (Weissenb. ex conj.: quā sibi non restitutā).—In epistolary style once without a case, referring to a preceding noun: age jam, cum fratre an sine? Cic. Att. 8, 3, 5.—With gerund (very rare): nec sine canendo tibicines dicti, Varr. L. L. 6, § 75 Müll.—Taking the place of a clause: armantur senes aut pueri, et numerus militum sine exercitūs robore expletur, i. e. without acquiring, Just. 5, 6, 3: exercitus ejus sine noxā discurrit, id. 12, 7, 8.—By the poets sometimes put after its case: flammā sine thura liquescere, Hor. S. 1, 5, 99: vitiis nemo sine nascitur, id. ib. 1, 3, 68.—II. In composition, se, or before a vowel, sed, denotes a going or taking aside, a departing, separating, etc.: secedo, secerno, segrego; seditio.
Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
si-ne
praep. with abl, without (cf. 2 se): Sine omni periclo, T.: sine imaginibus, sine cantu amburi: hominem sine re, sine fide, sine spe: sine acie victi, L.: non sine floribus, H.: sine sidere noctes, starless, V.: Tempestas sine more furit, ceaselessly, V.: vis sine pondere caeli, imponderable, O.—After its case: flammā sine thura liquescere, H.: vitiis nemo sine nascitur, H.
Origins
The meaning "without" was previously expressed by sē, sēd (see sē-, sed), from Proto-Indo-European *swé (“self”), thus originally "by itself". Some still refer the si- in sine to this root; others refer it to Proto-Indo-European *só (“this”), whence si (“if”). And as sometimes nesi was also written, with -ne being nē (“not”), sine might literally mean "not this". Compare with nisi. Yet others refer sine to Proto-Indo-European *sen(H)i (“for oneself, without”), itself possibly related to *swé or more likely a locative of *senH-. Thus cognate with Ancient Greek ᾰ̓́νευ (ắneu), ἄτερ (áter, “without”), Sanskrit सनुतर् (sanutar, “away, off”), Old English sundor; compare especially Tocharian B snai and Old Irish sain (“separated, different”) (Proto-Celtic *sanis), which may reflect the original PIE adverb. The ablative is from a PIE ablative of separation or a comitative-instrumental analogous to cum. Compare Sanskrit विना (vinā).
Elsewhere
- Italiansenza
- Englishsansfrom Old French senz
- Frenchsansfrom Old French senz
- Portuguesesemfrom Old Galician-Portuguese sen
- Spanishsinfrom Old Spanish sin
- Sardiniansine
- Emiliansänza
- Franco-Provençalsen
- Friuliancence
- Scotssansfrom Old French senz
Old Catalan
- Catalansense
- Catalansens