adverb
rūrsus
rūrsus (not comparable)
№ 440 of the 1,000 commonest wordsMille Verba core vocabulary
Meaning
- not comparablebackward, turned back
- not comparableon the contrary
- not comparablein return, in turn, again
Quibus profligatis rursus oppidani perterriti comprehensos eos, quorum opera plebem concitatam existimabant[…]
When they were overcome, the townsmen, again intimidated, arrested those persons by whose exertions they thought that the mob had been disturbed […]c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de bello Gallico 7.13
Choosing the right word Döderlein's Latin Synonyms
Iterum · Rursus · Denuo · De integro · Repetere · Integrare
1. Iterum (ἕτερον) means, like δεύτερον, a second time; rursum or rursus, (revorsus) like αὖθις and πάλιν, again, once more; denuo (de novo) like νέοθεν, anew; de integro, like αὖθις ἐξ ὑπαρχῆς, quite afresh. Justin. xxi. 4, 6. Hoc consilio præventus iterum servitia concitat, statutaque rursus cædium die, quum denuo se proditum videret. 2. In the same manner pugnam iterare, Liv. vi. 32, means to join battle a second time; pugnam repetere, x. 36, to repeat the battle; pugnam renovare, Cæs. B. G. iii. 20, to renew the battle; and pugnam integrare, Liv. vii. 7, to begin the battle again quite from the beginning. Aut. Herenn. ii. 3, 47. Enumeratio est per quam colligimus et commonemus quibus de rebus verba fecerimus, breviter, ut renovetur, non redintegretur oratio. (i. 184.)
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- aestu rursus minuente
- when the tide begins to go down.
rursus, rursum, and arch. rūsum or russum (rursum and rusum are the most usual forms in the ante-class., and rursus in the class. per.), adv. contr. from revorsus or revorsum, from reverto; cf. prorsus and sursum,
I. turned back or backwards, back, backwards (opp. prorsus): rursus retro, Non.
I. Lit. (only ante-class.): rursus prorsus reciprocat fluctus feram, Enn. ap. Non. 164, 11, and 384 fin. (Trag. v. 143 Vahl.); cf.:
trepidari sentio et cursari rursum prorsum, Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 35: mortales multi rursus ac prorsus meant, Varr. ap. Non. 384, 32: cum ex alto puteo sursum ad summum escenderis, Maximum periculum inde esse, a summo ne rursum cadas? Plaut. Mil. 4, 4, 15: ego cunas recessim rursum vorsum trahere et ducere, id. Am. 5, 1, 60; cf. id. Ep. 2, 2, 63.—II. Transf.
A. To indicate the reverse of something, on the contrary, on the other hand, in return, again (freq. in all periods and kinds of composition; syn.: retro, contra, in vicem): in hominum aetate multa eveniunt hujusmodi: Capiunt voluptates: capiunt rursum miserias;
Irae interveniunt, redeunt rursum in gratiam, etc., Plaut. Am. 3, 2, 58 sq.: bellum, pax rursum, Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 16; Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 15: quicquid dicunt, laudo: id rursum si negant laudo id quoque, Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 20: Mi. Salutat. Ag. Saluta hunc rursus Punice meis verbis, Plaut. Poen. 5, 2, 40: accipe a me rursum rationem doli, id. Mil. 3, 1, 178: succurrit Pulfioni Varenus et laboranti subvenit... Huic (Vareno) rursus circumvento fert subsidium Pulfio, Caes. B. G. 5, 44: eos ipse rursus singulos exceptans, id. ib. 7, 47 fin.; 51; id. B. C. 1, 45, 3: clamore sublato excipit rursus ex vallo clamor, id. B. G. 7, 88; Sall. J. 69, 1: postquam luxu atque desidiā civitas corrupta est, rursus respublica magnitudine suā imperatorum vitia sustentabat, id. C. 53, 5: primum Metellum esse rati, portas clausere; deinde rursus Jugurtham arbitrati obvii procedunt, id. J. 69, 1: ut illae superiores (partes) in medium locum mundi gravitate ferantur, sic hae rursum rectis lineis in caelestem locum subvolent, Cic. Tusc. 1, 17, 40: cum totam terram contueri licebit ... tum et habitabiles regiones et rursum omni cultu propter vim frigoris vacantes, id. ib. 1, 20, 45; id. Rep. 2, 4, 9: quod (Gorgias) judicaret hoc oratoris esse maxime proprium, rem augere posse laudando vituperandoque rursus affligere, id. Brut. 12, 47: necesse erit cupere et optare ... rursus autem recte factis angi, id. Lael. 16, 59; id. Tusc. 4, 31, 65: neque rursum eam totam repudiaret, id. de Or. 1, 24, 110; so, neque rursum, Quint. 1, 10, 2; 2, 4, 3; 10, 3, 10; 12, 5, 4: Iliacos intra muros peccatur et extra. Rursus, quid virtus et quid sapientia possit, etc., Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 17: aequum est, Peccatis veniam poscentem reddere rursus, id. S. 1, 3, 75; Curt. 9, 2, 9; Tac. Agr. 29; id. A. 1, 80: his, rursus illis exitiabile, id. H. 3, 22.—Hence sometimes with retro, contra, invicem: concede, nihil esse bonum, nisi, etc.... Vide rursus retro, Cic. Fin. 5, 28, 83: hi rursus invicem anno post in armis sunt: illi domi remanent, Caes. B. G. 4, 1: in amicorum vitiis tam cernis acutum? etc. At tibi contra Evenit, inquirant vitia ut tua rursus et illi, Hor. S. 1, 3, 28.—B. Denoting return to a former action or its repetition, back again, again, anew (syn.:
iterum, denuo): em rursum nunc nugas agis, Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 61: quem (Peliam) Medea dicitur Fecisse rursus ex sene adulescentulum, id. Ps. 3, 2, 82; cf.: uti quidque in sua corpora rursum Dissolvat natura, Lucr. 1, 215: eadem gigni rursusque augescere dixi, id. 5, 250: obloquere rursum? Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 88: feri malam tu illi rursum, id. Cas. 2, 6, 55: te suam (causam) rogavit rursum ut ageres, Ter. Phorm. 5, 5, 8: quo loco, si tibi hoc sumis ... facis, ut rursus plebes in Aventinum sevocanda esse videatur, Cic. Mur. 7, 15: Helvetii, qui in montem sese receperant, rursus instare et proelium redintegrare coeperunt, Caes. B. G. 1, 25; cf.: bellum inferre, id. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 16, A: confligere cum Bruti classe, Caes. B. C. 2, 3 fin.; 4 fin.: terga vertere, id. ib. 1, 45: rursus minuente aestu, id. B. G. 3, 12; 5, 8; cf. Varr. L. L. 5, § 40 Müll.: rursus aliam in partem fugam petebant, Caes. B. G. 2, 24: has (cohortes) subsidiariae ternae, et rursus aliae totidem, suae cujusque legionis, subsequebantur, id. B. C. 1, 83; cf. id. ib. 2, 9; Sall. J. 103, 2. —In beginning a new strophe (= Gr. πάλιν): rursus, et hoc iterum repetamus carmen, Val. Cat. Dir. 14.—Pleon., with denuo, etc.: Diphilus hanc Graece scripsit, post id rursum denuo Latine Plautus, Plaut. Cas. prol. 34: revortor rursus denuo Karthaginem, id. Poen. prol. 79; Auct. B. Hisp. 35.—Freq. with words compounded with re; like reverti, regredi, se recipere, reducere, revocare, etc., v. h. vv.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
rūrsus or rūrsum adv.
for revorsus or revorsum; P. of reverto, turned back, back, backwards (opp. prorsus): sentio cursari rursum prorsum, T.—Of reciprocity, on the contrary, on the other hand, in return, in turn, again : Quicquid dicunt, laudo; id rursum si negant laudo id quoque, T.: bellum, Pax rursum, H.: eos ipse rursus singulos exceptans, Cs.: ut illae (partes) in medium locum ferantur, sic hae rursum in caelestem locum, etc.: aequum est, Peccatis veniam poscentem reddere rursus, H.—Pleonast. with retro or invicem : concede, nihil esse bonum, nisi, etc. . . . Vide rursus retro: hi rursus invicem anno post in armis sunt: illi domi remanent, Cs.—Of recurrence or repetition, back again, again, anew, once more : Te suas rogavit rursum ut ageres, T.: confecto negotio rursus in hiberna legiones reduxit, Cs.: quo loco, si tibi hoc sumis . . . facis, ut rursus plebes in Aventinum sevocanda esse videatur: ut rursus cum Bruti classe confligant, Cs.: rursus minuente aestu, Cs.: tum rursus Bocchus flectitur, S.: Rursus amans rursusque manu sua vota retractat, again and again , O.
Origins
From re- (“back-”) + vorsus, earlier form of versus (“towards, -wards”).