verbfirst conjugation, no supine stem, impersonal in the passive
restō
restō (present infinitive restāre, perfect active restitī or restāvī)
Classical[ˈrɛs.toː]Ecclesiastical[ˈrɛs.to]
Meaning
- impersonalto stand firm; to stay behind
- impersonalto remain, survive
- impersonalto withstand, resist, oppose
quidve, quod in miserō tempore restet, habent? Oh, what [option] – that which, in this wretched moment, can help [the army] to resist – do they have [left]?
(Ovid here recounts the Battle of the Cremera.)8 CE, Ovidius, Fasti 2.230 - figurativelyimpersonalto remain available, to be left over
[...] hospes / Hoc sōlum nōmen quoniam dē coniuge restat.
“[... Oh, my] ‘guest’ — Since this [is] the only name [for you which] remains, from [once having been my] ‘husband.’”29 BCE – 19 BCE, Vergilius, Aeneis 4.323–324
Choosing the right word Döderlein's Latin Synonyms
Restare · Superesse
Restare means to remain, in opp. to præteriisse, interiisse; whereas superesse, in opp. to deesse. (vi. 304.)
Conjugation conjugation 1 no-supine
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | restō | restābam | restābō | restitī restāvī | restiteram restāveram | restiterō restāverō |
| 2nd sg. | restās | restābās | restābis | restitistī restāvistī | restiterās restāverās | restiteris restāveris |
| 3rd sg. | restat | restābat | restābit | restitit restāvit | restiterat restāverat | restiterit restāverit |
| 1st pl. | restāmus | restābāmus | restābimus | restitimus restāvimus | restiterāmus restāverāmus | restiterimus restāverimus |
| 2nd pl. | restātis | restābātis | restābitis | restitistis restāvistis | restiterātis restāverātis | restiteritis restāveritis |
| 3rd pl. | restant | restābant | restābunt | restitērunt restitēre, restāvērunt, restāvēre | restiterant restāverant | restiterint restāverint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | restem | restārem | restiterim restāverim | restitissem restāvissem |
| 2nd sg. | restēs | restārēs | restiterīs restāverīs | restitissēs restāvissēs |
| 3rd sg. | restet | restāret | restiterit restāverit | restitisset restāvisset |
| 1st pl. | restēmus | restārēmus | restiterīmus restāverīmus | restitissēmus restāvissēmus |
| 2nd pl. | restētis | restārētis | restiterītis restāverītis | restitissētis restāvissētis |
| 3rd pl. | restent | restārent | restiterint restāverint | restitissent restāvissent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | — | — | — |
| 2nd sg. | — | — | — |
| 3rd sg. | restātur | restābātur | restābitur |
| 1st pl. | — | — | — |
| 2nd pl. | — | — | — |
| 3rd pl. | — | — | — |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | — | — |
| 2nd sg. | — | — |
| 3rd sg. | restētur | restārētur |
| 1st pl. | — | — |
| 2nd pl. | — | — |
| 3rd pl. | — | — |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | restā | — |
| pres. 2nd pl. | restāte | — |
| fut. 2nd sg. | restātō | — |
| fut. 3rd sg. | restātō | restātor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | restātōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | restantō | — |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | restāre | restārī |
| perfect infinitive | restitisse restāvisse | — |
| present participle | restāns | — |
| future participle | — | restandum restanda, restandā, restandae, restandam, restandārum, restandās, restande, restandīs, restandōrum, restandōs, restandus |
gerundrestandī, restandō, restandum
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- unus mihi restat scrupulus (Ter. Andr. 5. 4. 37) (cf. too religio, sect. XI. 2)
- one thing still makes me hesitate.
rē-sto, stĭti, 1 (
I. To stop behind, keep back, stand still (very rare and only poet., whereas resisto is class.).
A. Lit.: si resto, pergit, ut eam: si ire conor, prohibet betere, Pac. ap. Non. 77, 25. —
B. Trop.: impetus haut longe mediis regionibus restat, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 285 Müll. (Ann. v. 475 Vahl.):
nullo dominae teritur molimine amator Restat et immerita sustinet aure minas, stands firm, holds out, Prop. 2, 25 (3, 20), 18. — II. To withstand, resist, oppose (so less freq. than resisto, and not in Cic. or Cæs.).
A. Of military resistance, to stand firm, hold out, not yield; constr. usually absol.; rarely with dat. or adversum: Illyrii restant sicis sibinisque fodantes, Enn. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 336 Müll. (Ann. v. 496 Vahl.): validam urbem multos dies restantem pugnando vicit, Sall. ap. Non. 526, 12 (id. H. 1, 75 Dietsch):
quia summā vi restare (milites) nunciabantur, Liv. 4, 58 Drak.: solā virtute militum restantes caeduntur caeduntque, id. 6, 30; 32; 8, 39; 23, 45; 26, 3; 29, 2; 34, 14: dum restat Hector, Prop. 3, 8, 31: nunc in restantes mucronem comminus urget, Sil. 10, 25.—Impers. pass.: ut quā minimā vi restatur, eā parte irrumpat, Liv. 34, 15. — With dat.: paucis plures vix restatis, Liv. 23, 45 fin.: restando adversis, Sil. 10, 125.—With adversum: paulum morae attulere ferrati restantibus laminis adversum pila et gladios, Tac. A. 3, 46.—B. Apart from milit. lang., in gen.:
nunc ratio nulla est restandi, nulla facultas, etc., Lucr. 1, 110: is mihi, dum resto, juvenili guttura pugno Rupit, Ov. M. 3, 626; 7, 411: in quā re nunc tam confidenter restas, stulta? oppose me, Ter. Heaut. 5, 3, 7; cf. Plaut. Most. 5, 2, 50. —Of things: aera claustris restantia vociferantur, Lucr. 2, 450: restantia claustra, Sil. 7, 130.— III. To be left, remain (syn. remaneo; the predominant signif. of the word;
most freq. in the third person): hujus generis reliquias Restare video, Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 91: ego conviviis delector nec cum aequalibus solum qui pauci jam admodum restant, sed cum vestrā etiam aetate, Cic. Sen. 14, 46: ego vivendo vici mea fata, superstes Restarem ut genitor, Verg. A. 11, 161: de bonis quod restat reliquiarum, Plaut. Rud. 5, 1, 7; cf. id. Cist. 1, 3, 40: unam sibi spem reliquam in Etruscis restare, Liv. 10, 16; Cic. Scaur. Fragm. 45, p. 268 Orell.: quae (studia) sola ei in malis restiterunt, id. Sull. 26, 74: omnes composui. Felices! Nunc ego resto, Hor. S. 1, 9, 28; Pers. 3, 97: de viginti Restabam solus, Ov. M. 3, 687: jam labor exiguus Phoebo restabat, id. ib. 6, 486: duae restant noctes de mense secundo, id. F. 2, 857: si e nobis aliquid nisi umbra restat, id. Am. 3, 9, 60: jam duo restabant fata tum, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 35: qui e divisione tripartitā duas partes absolverit, huic necesse est restare tertiam, Cic. Off. 3, 2, 9: infinitae caedi, id. Cat. 3, 10: dona ferens pelago et flammis restantia Trojae, left, remaining from the sea, etc., Verg. A. 1, 679: unum etiam restat amico nostro ad omne dedecus, ut, etc., id. Att. 8, 7: hoc unum restabat, ut, Ov. M. 2, 471; cf.: illud etiam restiterat, ut, etc., Cic. Quint. 9, 33.— Impers.: restat, ut aut summa neglegentia tibi obstiterit, aut, etc., Cic. Quint. 12, 41; so, restat, ut, id. N. D. 2, 16, 44; 17 init.; Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 27 al.—With inf. (mostly poet.): nec aliud restabat quam corrigere, etc., Liv. 44, 4, 8: restabat aliud nihil, nisi oculos pascere, Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 35; Ov. M. 1, 700; Stat. S. 4, 1, 40.— 2. In partic., with reference to the future, to remain for, await one (rare and mostly poet.):
quid restat, nisi porro ut fiam miser, Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 20: placet (vobis) socios sic tractari, quod restat, ut per haec tempora tractatos videtis? i. e. hereafter, for the future, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 89, § 208: nudus humi jacet infans ... ut aequom est, cui tantum in vitā restet transire malorum, Lucr. 5, 227; Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 27: hoc Latio restare canunt, Verg. A. 7, 270; Ov. F. 2, 749.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
re-stō stitī, —, āre,
to withstand, resist, oppose, stand firm, hold out, not yield: summā vi, L.: Is mihi, dum resto, guttura Rupit, O.: In quā re nunc tam confidenter restas, oppose me, T.: paucis plures vix restatis, L.: melioribus restas, are opposing your betters, O.—To be left, remain: huius generis reliquias Restare video, T.: cum aequalibus, qui pauci iam admodum restant: unam sibi spem reliquam in Etruscis restare, L.: Omnīs composui . . . ego resto, H.: De viginti Restabam solus, O.: duae restant noctes de mense secundo, O.: Dona flammis restantia Troiae, saved from, V.: hoc etiam restabat, Ut, etc., O.: illud etiam restiterat, ut, etc.: restat, ut omnes unum velint: nec aliud restabat quam conrigere, etc., L.: restabat verba referre, O.: quid restat, nisi porro ut fiam miser, T.: placet (vobis) socios sic tractari, quod restat, ut, etc., i. e. for the future: Ire tamen restat, H.: Hoc Latio restare canunt, V.
Origins
- Proto-Italic*wre-
- Latinrestō
Latin stō Latin restō From re- (“again”) + stō (“stand; stay, remain”).
Descendants
- Catalanrestar
- Englishrest
- Frenchrester
- Italianrestare
- Occitanrestar
- Portugueserestar
- Spanishrestar
- Dalmatianrestur
- Franco-Provençalréstar
- Galicianrestar