adjectivefirst/second-declension adjective
rapidus
rapidus (feminine rapida, neuter rapidum, comparative rapidior, superlative rapidissimus, adverb rapidē)
Classical[ˈra.pɪ.dʊs]Ecclesiastical[ˈraː.pi.dus]
Mille Verba core vocabulary
Meaning
- adjectivemoving so violently as to seize and carry along anything in its path
- adjectivefigurativelyheadlong, rapid
- adjectivefigurativelyswift in action, rapid
- adjectivefigurativelyviolently quick, swift, rapid (esp. of animals such as horses, raptors)
rapida et celeritāte caecāta ōrātiō
a speech violently rapid and blinded by its speed46 BCE, Cicero, Brutus 264 - adjectiveviolent, fierce
- adjectivescorching, fiery, blazing, white-hot, consuming
“Ipsa Iovis rapidum iaculāta ē nūbibus ignem,
“[Pallas] by herself had hurled Jove’s consuming fire from the clouds: [she] both destroyed the ships and upturned the level seas with gales.” (Juno, speaking in soliloquy, envies the ability of Pallas/Athena/Minerva to use Jupiter’s lightning.)29 BCE – 19 BCE, Vergilius, Aeneis 1.42–43
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
celerrimus, quī rapit; flūmen rapidum.rapidus -a -um — in Mille Verba, ch. Via et Iter
Declension
| form | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | rapidus | rapida | rapidum |
| genitive | rapidī | rapidae | rapidī |
| dative | rapidō | rapidae | rapidō |
| accusative | rapidum | rapidam | rapidum |
| ablative | rapidō | rapidā | rapidō |
| vocative | rapide | rapida | rapidum |
| form | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | rapidī | rapidae | rapida |
| genitive | rapidōrum | rapidārum | rapidōrum |
| dative | rapidīs | rapidīs | rapidīs |
| accusative | rapidōs | rapidās | rapida |
| ablative | rapidīs | rapidīs | rapidīs |
| vocative | rapidī | rapidae | rapida |
răpĭdus, a, um, adj. rapio,
I. tearing away, seizing.
I. Lit. (very rare, and only poet.):
ferae, Ov. H. 10, 96; 11, 111 (but in Lucr. 4, 712, the correct read. is rabidi leones).—Of hunting-dogs: agmen, a tearing, fierce pack, Ov. M. 3, 242; cf. Lucr. 5, 890. —Of fierce, consuming heat: aestus, Verg. E. 2, 10: sol, id. G. 1, 92: Sirius, id. ib. 4, 425: flamma, Ov. M. 2, 123: ignis, Verg. G. 4, 263; Ov. M. 7, 326; 8, 225; 12, 274.— Of a consuming pyre, Ov. Tr. 1, 7, 20.—As epithet of the sea (qs. devouring), Tib. 1, 2, 40 (al. rabidus).—II. Transf., tearing or hurrying along, swift, quick, rapid (the predom. and class. signif.; esp. freq. in the poets).
1. Of waters:
fluvius, Plaut. Bacch. 1, 1, 52; id. Men. prol. 64 sq.: torrens, Verg. A. 2, 305: amnis, Hor. S. 1, 10, 62; Lucr. 1, 14: flumen, Caes. B. C. 1, 50; Hor. S. 2, 3, 242; Tib. 1, 2, 44 Huschk. N. cr.; Quint. 6, 2, 6 al.; cf.: lapsus fluminum (along with celeres venti), Hor. C. 1, 12, 9: Tigris, id. ib. 4, 14, 46: procellae, Prop. 2, 16 (3, 8), 45: undae (as a mere epitheton ornans), Ov. M. 7, 6.— Sup.: flumen, Caes. B. C. 1, 50 fin.—2. Of other hurrying, rapidly moving things:
turbo, Lucr. 6, 668; cf. venti, Verg. A. 6, 75: Notus, Hor. C. 1, 28, 21: ignis Jovis, Verg. A. 1, 42: sol, Hor. C. 2, 9, 12; cf.: axis (solis), Ov. F. 3, 518: orbis, id. M. 2, 73; and: caelum, Stat. Th. 1, 197: equi, Ov. F. 5, 592; cf.: volucris rapidissima, id. M. 2, 716: manus, Verg. A. 8, 442: currus, id. ib. 12, 478; cf. cursus, id. ib. 12, 683: agmen, Tac. H. 2, 30; cf. Verg. A. 11, 906: bella, Claud. Cons. Stil. 1, 188: impetus, Flor. 4, 7, 12: venenum, i. e. quickworking, Tac. A. 12, 67; so, virus, id. ib. 13, 15 fin.: pestis, Sil. 7, 351: vires, id. 4, 678. —B. Trop., hurried, impetuous, vehement, hasty:
oratio, Cic. Fin. 2, 1, 3: rapidus in consiliis, over-hasty, precipitate, Liv. 22, 12 fin.: rapidus proelia miscet, Sil. 1, 266: rapidus in urbem vectus, Tac. H. 2, 54.— Hence, adv.: răpĭdē, acc. to II., hurriedly, hastily, quickly, rapidly: dilapsus (fluvius), Cic. Leg. 2, 3, 6: iter confecit (along with festinanter), Suet. Calig. 43.—Comp.: eo rapidius ... venit Rigodulum, Tac. H. 4, 71.—Trop.: quod (παθητικόν) cum rapide fertur, sustineri nullo pacto potest, Cic. Or. 37, 128.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
rapidus adj. with comp. and sup.
RAP-, tearing away, seizing, fierce : ferae, O.: agmen, a fierce pack , O.: aestus, V.: flamma, O.: ignis, V.— Impetuous, hurrying, rushing, fleet, swift, quick, rapid : torrens, V.: amnis, H.: flumen, Cs.: Fluminum lapsūs, H.: rapidior unda, Cu.: ignis Iovis, V.: sol, H.: volucris rapidissima milvus, O.: manus, V.: agmen, V.—Fig., hurried, impetuous, vehement, hasty : oratio: rapidus consiliis, precipitate , L.
Origins
From rapiō (“snatch”) + -idus. For the semantic development, compare Irish sciobtha (“quick”) from Irish sciob (“to snatch”).
Later borrowings
- Catalanràpid
- Englishrapid
- Frenchrapide
- Germanrapid
- Italianrapido
- Portugueserápido
- Romanianrapid
- Spanishrápido
- Asturianrápidu
- Galicianrápido
Ibero-Romance
- Spanishraudofrom Old Spanish rabdo
- Spanishrabiónfrom Old Spanish rabdo
- Galicianroudo
Insular Romance
- Sardinianrattu
Balkan Romance
- Romanianrepede
- Aromanianareapit
Italo-Dalmatian
- Italianratto
- Istriotrato
- Venetanrata
Southern Gallo-Romance
- Catalanrabde
- Auvergnatraide
- Languedocienraide
Gallo-Italic
- Emilianrata
- Lombardrat
- Lombardrata
- Romagnolrata
Northern Gallo-Romance
- Bourguignonreffrom Old French rade
- Middle Frenchradefrom Old French rade
Ancient borrowings
- Albanianrepëtë
In English words that came into English from rapidus
- rapidrapidus
- rapidityrapiditas