verbfirst conjugation
properō
properō (present infinitive properāre, perfect active properāvī, supine properātum)
Classical[ˈprɔ.pɛ.roː]Ecclesiastical[ˈprɔː.pe.ro]
№ 537 of the 1,000 commonest wordsMille Verba core vocabulary
Meaning
- to hasten, quicken or accelerate
Nōn ego tē, quamvīs properābis vincere, Caesar, sī vetet auspicium, signa movēre velim. I would not want you – although you will hasten to conquer, Caesar – if the auspice forbids [it], to move [your] military standards.
8 CE, Ovidius, Fasti 6.763–764 - to hurry, rush
longa via est, properā!
The way is long, you [must] hurry! (Writing from exile, Ovid addresses his book as if it is a living emissary that he is sending back to Rome.)8 CE – 12 CE, Ovidius, Tristia 1.127 - to repair, return
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
celeriter agō; quī properat, tardus nōn est.properō -āre — in Mille Verba, ch. Via et Iter
festīnōproperō -āre — in IVLIANVS I: Gallia, ch. 9
Choosing the right word Döderlein's Latin Synonyms
Citus · Celer · Velox · Pernix · Properus · Festinus
1. Citus and celer denote swiftness, merely as quick motion, in opp. to tardus, Cic. Or. iii. 57. Sall. Cat. 15. Cic. Fin. v. 11. N. D. ii. 20. Rosc. Com. 11. Top. 44; velox and pernix, nimbleness, as bodily strength and activity, in opp. to lentus; properus and festinus, haste, as the will to reach a certain point in the shortest time, in opp. to segnis Gell. x. 11. 2. Citus denotes a swift and lively motion, approaching to vegetus; celer, an eager and impetuous motion, approaching to rapidus. 3. Pernicitas is, in general, dexterity and activity in all bodily movements, in hopping, climbing, and vaulting; but velocitas, especially in running, flying, and swimming, and so forth. Plaut. Mil. iii. 1, 36. Clare oculis video, pernix sum manibus, pedibus mobilis. Virg. Æn. iv. 180. Curt. vii. 7, 53. Equorum velocitati par est hominum pernicitas. 4. Properus, properare, denote the haste which, from energy, sets out rapidly to reach a certain point, in opp. to cessare; whereas festinus, festinare, denote the haste which springs from impatience, and borders upon precipitation. (ii. 144.)
Conjugation conjugation 1
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | properō | properābam | properābō | properāvī | properāveram properāram | properāverō properārō |
| 2nd sg. | properās | properābās | properābis | properāvistī properāstī | properāverās properārās | properāveris properāris |
| 3rd sg. | properat | properābat | properābit | properāvit properāt | properāverat properārat | properāverit properārit |
| 1st pl. | properāmus | properābāmus | properābimus | properāvimus properāmus | properāverāmus properārāmus | properāverimus properārimus |
| 2nd pl. | properātis | properābātis | properābitis | properāvistis properāstis | properāverātis properārātis | properāveritis properāritis |
| 3rd pl. | properant | properābant | properābunt | properāvērunt properārunt, properāvēre | properāverant properārant | properāverint properārint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | properem | properārem | properāverim properārim | properāvissem properāssem |
| 2nd sg. | properēs | properārēs | properāverīs properārīs | properāvissēs properāssēs |
| 3rd sg. | properet | properāret | properāverit properārit | properāvisset properāsset |
| 1st pl. | properēmus | properārēmus | properāverīmus properārīmus | properāvissēmus properāssēmus |
| 2nd pl. | properētis | properārētis | properāverītis properārītis | properāvissētis properāssētis |
| 3rd pl. | properent | properārent | properāverint properārint | properāvissent properāssent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | properor | properābar | properābor |
| 2nd sg. | properāris properāre | properābāris properābāre | properāberis properābere |
| 3rd sg. | properātur | properābātur | properābitur |
| 1st pl. | properāmur | properābāmur | properābimur |
| 2nd pl. | properāminī | properābāminī | properābiminī |
| 3rd pl. | properantur | properābantur | properābuntur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | properer | properārer |
| 2nd sg. | properēris properēre | properārēris properārēre |
| 3rd sg. | properētur | properārētur |
| 1st pl. | properēmur | properārēmur |
| 2nd pl. | properēminī | properārēminī |
| 3rd pl. | properentur | properārentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | properā | properāre |
| pres. 2nd pl. | properāte | properāminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | properātō | properātor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | properātō | properātor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | properātōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | properantō | properantor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | properāre | properārī |
| perfect infinitive | properāvisse properāsse | properātum esse |
| future infinitive | properātūrum esse | properātum īrī |
| present participle | properāns | — |
| perfect participle | — | properātus properāta, properātā, properātae, properātam, properātārum, properātās, properātī, properātōrum, properātōs |
| future participle | properātūrus properātūra, properātūrā, properātūrae, properātūram, properātūrārum, properātūrās, properātūre, properātūrī, properātūrīs, properātūrō, properātūrōrum, properātūrōs, properātūrum | properandus properanda, properandā, properandae, properandam, properandārum, properandās, properande, properandīs, properandōrum, properandōs |
gerundproperandī, properandō, properandumsupineproperātum, properātū
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- properat, maturat proficisci
- he starts in all haste, precipitately.
prŏpĕro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. and n. properus.
I. Act., to hasten, quicken, accelerate; to prepare, make, or do with haste (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose):
alia quae incepto usui forent properare, Sall. J. 37, 4: itineris properandi causā, id. ib. 105, 2: properato itinere, id. ib. 112, 2: vascula intus pure propera, Plaut. Aul. 2, 3, 3: obsonia, id. Cas. 2, 8, 57: fulmina, Verg. G. 4, 171: pecuniam heredi, Hor. C. 3, 24, 62: mortem, Tib. 4, 1, 205; Verg. A. 9, 401: coeptum iter, Tac. H. 3, 40: deditionem, id. A. 2, 22: caedem, id. ib. 11, 37: naves, id. ib. 2, 6: hoc studium, Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 28.—In pass.: vellera properabantur, Hor. Epod. 12, 21: teneri properentur amores, Dum vacat, let them be sung hastily or briefly, Ov. Am. 3, 1, 69: properatur amor, id. M. 5, 396: hinc porticus, inde delubra properantur, Plin. Pan. 51, 3.—II. Neutr., to make haste, to hasten, be quick (class.): aliud est properare, aliud festinare. Qui unum quid mature transigit, is properat: qui multa simul incipit neque perficit, is festinat, Cato ap. Gell. 16, 14, 2; id. ap. Fest. p. 234 Müll.; id. ap. Non. 441, 22:
propera, fer pedem, Plaut. Men. 3, 3, 30: properatin' ocius? id. Curc. 2, 2, 33: simulabat sese negotii causā properare, Sall. J. 76, 1; 58, 6: in Italiam, Caes. B. G. 2, 35; id. B. C. 2, 20: ad praedam, ad gloriam, id. ib. 2, 39: ad gaudia, Hor. C. 4, 12, 21: Romam, Cic. Mil. 19, 49: in patriam, id. Fam. 12, 25: in fata, Luc. 8, 658: sacris, for a sacris, Ov. M. 6, 201; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 58; but sometimes with collat. notion of excessive haste: properantibus Blaesus advenit, increpabatque, etc. (cf. the context), Tac. A. 1, 18; 13, 17.— With sup.: ultro licentiam in vos auctum, atque adjutum properatis, Sall. Or. Licin. ad Pleb. (H. 3, 61, 16 Dietsch).—With inf.: argentum propere propera vomere, Plaut. Curc. 5, 3, 10: redire in patriam, Cic. Prov. Cons. 14, 35: quin huc ad vos venire propero? id. Rep. 6, 15, 15: signa inferre, atque evadere oppido, Sall. J. 56, 5: pervenire, Caes. B. G. 2, 11: aliquem amando Perdere, Hor. C. 1, 8, 2.—With object-clause: se quisque hostem ferire properabat, Sall. C. 7, 6; Amm. 25, 7.—Impers. pass.: properatum vehementer, cum, etc., Cic. Sull. 19, 54; Verg. A. 4, 416.—Transf., of inanimate subjects, with inf. pass.: mala decerpi properantia, Plin. 15, 14, 15, § 52.—Hence, A. prŏpĕrans, antis, P. a., hastening, hasty, rapid, speedy (class.):
ille properans, festinans, Cic. Phil. 9, 3, 6: haec properantes scripsimus, in haste, id. Att. 4, 4, a.—Comp.: rotam solito properantior urget, Claud. in Ruf. 2, 337.—Hence, adv.: prŏpĕran-ter, hastily, speedily, quickly (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose; cf.: propere, cito, festinanter, celeriter, etc.), Lucr. 5, 300: properanter accepit codicillos, Tac. A. 16, 24.—Comp.: beneficia properantius, quam aes mutuum, reddere, Sall. J. 96, 2; 8, 2: ire, Ov. F. 4, 673.—Sup.: properantissime aliquid afferre, Cod. Th. 11, 30, 8.—B. prŏpĕrātus, a, um, P. a., hurried, accelerated, rapid, quick, speedy (mostly poet.):
tabellae, Ov. M. 9, 586: mors, id. Tr. 3, 3, 34: gloria rerum, id. M. 15, 748: meta curribus, i. e. rapidly approached, Mart. 10, 50, 7: naves, Tac. A. 2, 6: tela, id. ib. 2, 80.—Comp.: properatius tempus, Sol. 26.—Absol.: properato opus est, there is need of haste: accurato et properato opus est, Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 210: erat nihil, cur properato opus esset, Cic. Mil. 19, 49.—Hence, adv.: prŏpĕrā-tō, quickly, speedily (Tac.): properato ad mortem agitur, Tac. A. 13, 1.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
properō āvī, ātus, āre
properus, to make haste, hasten, be quick, be in haste, go quickly : mihi properandum necessario est: haec properantes scripsimus, in haste : simulabat sese negoti gratiā properare, S.: ad praedam, ad gloriam, Cs.: Romam: alio, to another subject , S.: redire in patriam: signa inferre, S.: Sybarin amando Perdere, H.: se quisque hostem ferire properabat, S.: quem Adiungi generum properabat, V.: properare, ut Gadīs contenderet, Cs.: vides toto properari litore? the running to and fro , V.: erat nihil, cur properato opus esset.— To quicken, accelerate, prepare with haste : alia quae incepto usui forent, S.: properato itinere, S.: mortem, V.: vellera properabantur, H.: teneri properentur amores, Dum vacat, be sung briefly , O.
Origins
Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti Proto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu. Proto-Italic *-ājō Proto-Italic *-āō Latin -ō Latin properō From properus + -ō.
In English words that came into English from properō
- improperationimproperare