noun · femininefirst declension
procella
procella f (genitive procellae)
Classical[prɔˈkɛl.la]Ecclesiastical[proˈt͡ʃɛl.la]
Meaning
- femininestorm, gale, gust, squall
Incubuēre marī tōtumque ā sēdibus īmīs ūna Eurusque Notusque ruunt crēberque procellīs Āfricus et vastōs volvunt ad lītora flūctūs. [The winds] fall upon the sea and they overturn everything from [its] bottom-most depths – together, both East Wind and South Wind and, frequent with gusts, the Southwest Wind – and they roll huge waves toward the shores.
(The winds released by King Aeolus combine to cause a storm at sea; in particular, the hot “Africus” blew storms from the direction of Carthage. Notes: “incubuere” is an old form of “incubuerunt”. See: Anemoi.)29 BCE – 19 BCE, Vergilius, Aeneis 1.84–86 - femininetempest, hurricane
- femininecharge, onset
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
tempestās ventī subitaprocella -ae (f) — in IVLIANVS I: Gallia, ch. 19
subita et vehemēns tempestāsprocella -ae (f) — in Evangelium secundum Marcum, ch. 7
ventus subitus et violentusprocella -ae (f) — in Metamorphoses I, ch. 23
ventus subitus cum imbreprocella -ae (f) — in Aeneis, ch. 2
Choosing the right word Döderlein's Latin Synonyms
Ventus · Procella · Tempestas · Vortex · Turbo
Ventus (ἀείς, or ἄντη, Hesiod) is the generic term for wind; procella and tempestas denote a violent wind; procella (κέλαδος), a mere squall or gust of wind; tempestas, a complete storm, or stress of weather, generally accompanied by thunder and lightning, rain or hail; whereas vortex and turbo denote a whirlwind; vortex (vertere), a weaker sort, that merely raises the dust; turbo (στρέφω, στροφάλιγξ), a strong whirlwind that causes destruction. (v. 287.)
Declension
| form | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | procella | procellae |
| genitive | procellae | procellārum |
| dative | procellae | procellīs |
| accusative | procellam | procellās |
| ablative | procellā | procellīs |
| vocative | procella | procellae |
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- procella (tempestas) aliquem ex alto ad ignotas terras (oras) defert
- the storm drives some one on an unknown coast.
prŏcella, ae,
I. f [pro and root kel; Gr. κέλης, runner; cf.: celer, celox], a violent wind (by which things are prostrated), a storm, hurricane, tempest (class.).
I. Lit.:
procella distat latitudine a vortice et a turbine disjectā nube verius quam ruptā, Plin. 2, 49, 50, § 133: turbinis inmanem vim provomit atque procellae, Lucr. 6, 447: imbres, nimbi, procellae, turbines, Cic. N. D. 3, 20, 51; Plaut. Trin. 4, 1, 17: creber procellis Africus, Verg. A. 1, 85: stridens Aquilone procella, id. ib. 1, 102: si mugiat Africis Malus procellis, Hor. C. 3, 29, 58; 2, 9, 3: praecipites, Ov. Tr. 4, 6, 35: navis quassata procellā, id. ib. 5, 5, 17: raperent mea poma procellae, id. Nux, 163: procella nivem effuderat, Curt. 3, 13, 7: imbrem excusserant procellae, id. 4, 7, 14: Thalle, turbidā rapacior procellā, Cat. 25, 4.—With gen.: validi venti collecta procella, Lucr. 6, 124.— II. Transf.
A. (Mostly in plur.) A storm, tumult, violence, commotion, vehemence:
tempestates et procellas in illis fluctibus concionum, Cic. Mil. 2, 5 (also cited ap. Quint. 8, 6, 48, and particularly mentioned as a figure, id. 8, 6, 48, § 7): vita tranquilla et quieta remota a procellis invidiarum, Cic. Clu. 56, 153: ut procellam temporis devitaret, Cic. Verr. 1, 3, 8: patriae, id. Dom. 53, 137: agitari tribuniciis procellis, Liv. 2, 1; cf.: seditionum procellae, id. 28, 25: procellae civiles, civil commotions, Nep. Att. 10, 6; cf.: ferimur procellā, Verg. A. 7, 594; Ov. M. 13, 656.—B. In milit. lang.
1. A charge, onset, sudden attack of cavalry:
hac velut procellā ita consternavit equos, ut, etc., Liv. 37, 41 fin.: equestrem procellam excitemus oportet, id. 30, 18: equestris, id. 29, 2; Tac. H. 3, 53.—2. In gen., of a fierce battle:
hic secunda belli Punici procella desaevit, Flor. 2, 6, 12; Luc. 8, 203.—3. Of a storm of eloquence:
priusquam illam eloquentiae procellam effunderet (Ulixes), Quint. 11, 3, 158: contionum, id. 8, 6, 7.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
procella ae, f
pro+1 CEL-, a violent wind, storm, hurricane, tempest : nimbi, procellae, turbines: stridens Aquilone, V.: si mugiat Africis Malus procellis, H.: raperent mea poma procellae, O.: procella nivem effuderat, Cu.— A storm, tumult, violence, commotion, vehemence : tempestates et procellas in illis fluctibus contionum: procellam temporis devitare: seditionum procellae, L.: procellae civiles, civil commotions , N.: ferimur procellā, V.— A charge, onset, sudden attack : haec velut procella consternavit equos, L.: equestris, L.
Origins
From prōcellō (“to throw or cast down”), from prō- (“forward, down”) + *cellō ("I beat"). Confer percello (“to beat down”), itself from Proto-Italic *kelnō, from Proto-Indo-European *kelh₂- (“to beat, break”).
Descendants
- Englishprocelle
- Frenchprocelle
- Italianprocella
- Portugueseprocela
- Spanishprocela