prāvus
Meaning
- adjectivecrooked, deformed
- adjectivedepraved, perverse, wicked
- adjectivevicious, wrong, bad, improper
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
nōn rēctus, malus; cōnsilia prāva.dēprāvātus, malusChoosing the right word Döderlein's Latin Synonyms
Malitia · Malignitas · Malevolentia · Malus · Nequam · Pravus
1. Malitia denotes the baseness which shows itself in the love of lying and deceiving, from want of conscience; malignitas, the ill-will which grudges good to another, and wishes it only to itself, from pure selfishness; malevolentia, the ill-will which wishes evil to another rather than good, from personal aversion. Malitia is a way of thinking and acting deserving of punishment as endangering the security of society; malignitas is a despicable disposition, which implies the want of philanthropy; lastly, malevolentia, a detestable quality, as connected with deriving pleasure from the misfortunes of others. 2. Malus homo is a morally bad man, but nequam a good-for-nothing man, whose faultiness shows itself in aversion to useful labor, and a propensity to roguish tricks, in opp. to frugi. Plaut. Pseud, i. 5. 53. Cic. Font. 13. Or. ii. 61. Fin. ii. 8. Sen. Contr. iii. 21; pravus (πέραῖος) a man whose character has taken a vicious direction, in a physical, or intellectual, or moral point of view in opp. to rectus. Plaut. Bacch. iii. 3, 8. Cic. Fin. ii. 8. Acad. i. 10. Quintil. viii. 3, 48. Nec parricidam nequam dixeris hominem, nec meretrici forte deditum nefarium; quod alterum parum, alterum nimium est. Afric. ap. Gell. vii. 11. (i. 62.)
Declension
| form | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | prāvus | prāva | prāvum |
| genitive | prāvī | prāvae | prāvī |
| dative | prāvō | prāvae | prāvō |
| accusative | prāvum | prāvam | prāvum |
| ablative | prāvō | prāvā | prāvō |
| vocative | prāve | prāva | prāvum |
| form | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | prāvī | prāvae | prāva |
| genitive | prāvōrum | prāvārum | prāvōrum |
| dative | prāvīs | prāvīs | prāvīs |
| accusative | prāvōs | prāvās | prāva |
| ablative | prāvīs | prāvīs | prāvīs |
| vocative | prāvī | prāvae | prāva |
prava, cubantia, prona, supina atque absona tecta, Lucr. 4, 517: si quae in membris prava, aut debilitata aut imminuta sunt, Cic. Fin. 5, 17, 46: talus, Hor. S. 1, 3, 48.—Absol.: in pravum, into crookedness (post-Aug.): elapsi in pravum artus, Tac. H. 4, 81: quae in pravum induruerunt, Quint. 1, 3, 12.—pravus factus est, Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 8: impulsores, Tac. H. 4, 68: pravissimus homo, Vell. 2, 80, 3: quae belua ruptis, Cum semel effugit, reddit se prava catenis? i. e. stulta, incauta, Hor. S. 2, 7, 71.—pravus fidei, faithless, Sil. 3, 253: pravus togae, id. 8, 260: audendi pravus, id. 12, 464.—nihil pravum, perversum, Cic. Rosc. Com. 10, 30: affectio, id. Tusc. 4, 13, 29: dociles imitandis Turpibus et pravis omnes sumus, Juv. 14, 40: a rectis in vitia, a vitiis in prava, a pravis in praecipitia pervenitur, Vell. 2, 10, 1: ad honesta, seu prava juxta levis, Tac. A. 11, 33: aemulatio, id. H. 4, 48: spes, id. A. 3, 56.—Comp.: quo pravius nihil esse possit, Cic. Tusc. 3, 33, 80.—Sup.: pravissima consuetudinis regula, Cic. Brut. 74, 258.—Absol.: in pravum, in perversity: frangas citius, quam corrigas, quae in pravum induruerunt, Quint. 1, 3, 12.—Hence, adv.: prāvē, crookedly; trop., improperly, wrongly, amiss, ill, badly (opp. recte; class.): hoc mihi videtur factum prave, Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 24: prave (facta), opp. recte facta, Cic. Ac. 1, 10, 37: ille porro male, prave, nequiter, turpiter cenabat, id. Fin. 2, 8, 25: prave sectus unguis, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 104: sive ego prave, Seu recte hoc volui, id. S. 2, 3, 87: prave facti versus, id. Ep. 2, 1, 266: pudens prave, id. A. P. 88: prave aliquid intellegere, Plin. 17, 9, 8, § 57: prave detorta verba, Tac. A. 6, 5: facundus, id. ib. 1, 53: prave et perperam appellare, Gell. 4, 9, 4.—Sup.: pravissume, Sall. Or. Lepidi adv. Sull.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
Origins
From Proto-Italic *prāwos (whence also Faliscan 𐌐𐌓𐌀𐌖𐌉𐌏𐌔 (prauios, praenomen)). Further etymology unknown. Pokorny's derivation from Proto-Indo-European *preh₂-wo-s, from *preh₂- (“to bend”), whence also prātum, is nowadays rejected.
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