praecellō
Meaning
- transitiveto surpass, outdo
non secus ingentes artus praecelsus Agylleus sponte premit parvumque gemens duplicatur in hostem
c. 45 CE – 96 CE, Statius, Thebais 6.858-859sapientiae ac virtutum merito fere omnes praecelluit
1876 [c. 1073-1076], Adam of Bremen, Gesta Hammaburgensis Ecclesiae Pontificum, Hahniani, page 116: - to excel (with per or ablative)
Choosing the right word Döderlein's Latin Synonyms
Altus · Editus · Procerus · Arduus · Celsus · Excelsus · Sublimis
1. Altus denotes, as a general expression, height or depth, as mathematical dimensions, in opp. to length and breadth, and, consequently, height, in opp. to humilis; Cic. Tusc. v. 13. 24. Orat 57. N. D. ii. 47, like ὑψηλός; editus denotes height, in opp. to planus, Tac. Ann. xv. 38: lastly, procerus denotes height or length in reference to growth. The altum has no measure and no limits; the editum has the bulk of a hill; the procerum has the bulk of a tree, the full stature of the human figure, and so forth. 2. Altus, editus, and procerus, denote height merely in relation to space; arduus means height, which is at the same time steep and inaccessible; thence, figuratively, ‘difficult, impossible;’ celsus, height, that thrusts itself out, and stretches upwards; thence, figuratively, ‘proud;’ excelsus and præcelsus, what overtops something that is itself high, hence ‘pre-eminent;’ sublimis, what is on high without touching the ground, soaring in the air, like μετέωρος; thence, figuratively, ‘grand,’ of an elevated nature. (ii. 99.)
Conjugation conjugation 3
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | praecellō | praecellēbam | praecellam | praeculī praecelluī | praeculeram praecellueram | praeculerō praecelluerō |
| 2nd sg. | praecellis | praecellēbās | praecellēs | praeculistī praecelluistī | praeculerās praecelluerās | praeculeris praecellueris |
| 3rd sg. | praecellit | praecellēbat | praecellet | praeculit praecelluit | praeculerat praecelluerat | praeculerit praecelluerit |
| 1st pl. | praecellimus | praecellēbāmus | praecellēmus | praeculimus praecelluimus | praeculerāmus praecelluerāmus | praeculerimus praecelluerimus |
| 2nd pl. | praecellitis | praecellēbātis | praecellētis | praeculistis praecelluistis | praeculerātis praecelluerātis | praeculeritis praecellueritis |
| 3rd pl. | praecellunt | praecellēbant | praecellent | praeculērunt praeculēre, praecelluērunt, praecelluēre | praeculerant praecelluerant | praeculerint praecelluerint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | praecellam | praecellerem | praeculerim praecelluerim | praeculissem praecelluissem |
| 2nd sg. | praecellās | praecellerēs | praeculerīs praecelluerīs | praeculissēs praecelluissēs |
| 3rd sg. | praecellat | praecelleret | praeculerit praecelluerit | praeculisset praecelluisset |
| 1st pl. | praecellāmus | praecellerēmus | praeculerīmus praecelluerīmus | praeculissēmus praecelluissēmus |
| 2nd pl. | praecellātis | praecellerētis | praeculerītis praecelluerītis | praeculissētis praecelluissētis |
| 3rd pl. | praecellant | praecellerent | praeculerint praecelluerint | praeculissent praecelluissent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | praecellor | praecellēbar | praecellar |
| 2nd sg. | praecelleris praecellere | praecellēbāris praecellēbāre | praecellēris praecellēre |
| 3rd sg. | praecellitur | praecellēbātur | praecellētur |
| 1st pl. | praecellimur | praecellēbāmur | praecellēmur |
| 2nd pl. | praecelliminī | praecellēbāminī | praecellēminī |
| 3rd pl. | praecelluntur | praecellēbantur | praecellentur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | praecellar | praecellerer |
| 2nd sg. | praecellāris praecellāre | praecellerēris praecellerēre |
| 3rd sg. | praecellātur | praecellerētur |
| 1st pl. | praecellāmur | praecellerēmur |
| 2nd pl. | praecellāminī | praecellerēminī |
| 3rd pl. | praecellantur | praecellerentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | praecelle | praecellere |
| pres. 2nd pl. | praecellite | praecelliminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | praecellitō | praecellitor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | praecellitō | praecellitor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | praecellitōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | praecelluntō | praecelluntor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | praecellere | praecellī |
| perfect infinitive | praeculisse praecelluisse | praecelsum esse |
| future infinitive | praecelsūrum esse | praecelsum īrī |
| present participle | praecellēns | — |
| perfect participle | — | praecelsus |
| future participle | praecelsūrus | praecellendus praecellundus |
syn. antecello): praecellere aliquam fecunditate, Tac. A. 2, 43; Dig. 50, 2, 6.—ut quisque fortunā utitur, Ita praecellet, Plaut. Ps. 2, 3, 14: praecellere mobilitate, Lucr. 2, 161: odore et suavitate, Plin. 15, 21, 23, § 85: dignitate inter aliquos, Dig. 2, 14, 8: praecellere per insignem nobilitatem et eloquentiam, Tac. A. 3, 24.—mortalibus, Sil. 15, 74.—genti, Tac. A. 12, 15.—Hence, prae-cellens, entis, P. a., surpassing, excellent, eminent, distinguished (class.). vir et animo et virtute praecellens, Cic. Balb. 10, 25.—Sup.: vir omnibus rebus praecellentissimus, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 44, § 97.—uniones magnitudine praecellentes, Plin. 9, 35, 56, § 113: formā praecellente, id. 7, 53, 54, § 184: vir ingenii praecellentis, Gell. 19, 8, 3.—Comp.: arbor pomo et suavitate praecellentior, Plin. 12, 6, 12, § 24.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
Origins
From prae- + *cellō (“to rise”), one lost verb whose participle is celsus, from Proto-Italic *kelnō, from Proto-Indo-European *kelH- (“to rise”) (whence collis, columen etc.).
- Englishprecel
- Frenchpréceller