verbfirst conjugation
piō
piō (present infinitive piāre, perfect active piāvī, supine piātum)
Classical[ˈpi.oː]Ecclesiastical[ˈpiː.o]
Meaning
- to appease, propitiate
- to purify, expiate
Conjugation conjugation 1
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | piō | piābam | piābō | piāvī | piāveram | piāverō piārō |
| 2nd sg. | piās | piābās | piābis | piāvistī piāstī | piāverās piārās | piāveris |
| 3rd sg. | piat | piābat | piābit | piāvit | piāverat piārat | piāverit piārit |
| 1st pl. | piāmus | piābāmus | piābimus | piāvimus | piāverāmus | piāverimus piārimus |
| 2nd pl. | piātis | piābātis | piābitis | piāvistis piāstis | piāverātis piārātis | piāveritis piāritis |
| 3rd pl. | piant | piābant | piābunt | piāvērunt piāvēre, piārunt | piāverant piārant | piāverint piārint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | piem | piārem | piāverim piārim | piāvissem piāssem |
| 2nd sg. | piēs | piārēs | piāverīs | piāvissēs piāssēs |
| 3rd sg. | piet | piāret | piāverit piārit | piāvisset piāsset |
| 1st pl. | piēmus | piārēmus | piāverīmus piārīmus | piāvissēmus piāssēmus |
| 2nd pl. | piētis | piārētis | piāverītis piārītis | piāvissētis piāssētis |
| 3rd pl. | pient | piārent | piāverint piārint | piāvissent piāssent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | pior | piābar | piābor |
| 2nd sg. | piāris piāre | piābāris piābāre | piāberis piābere |
| 3rd sg. | piātur | piābātur | piābitur |
| 1st pl. | piāmur | piābāmur | piābimur |
| 2nd pl. | piāminī | piābāminī | piābiminī |
| 3rd pl. | piantur | piābantur | piābuntur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | pier | piārer |
| 2nd sg. | piēris piēre | piārēris piārēre |
| 3rd sg. | piētur | piārētur |
| 1st pl. | piēmur | piārēmur |
| 2nd pl. | piēminī | piārēminī |
| 3rd pl. | pientur | piārentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | piā | piāre |
| pres. 2nd pl. | piāte | piāminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | piātō | piātor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | piātō | piātor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | piātōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | piantō | piantor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | piāre | piārī |
| perfect infinitive | piāvisse piāsse | piātum esse |
| future infinitive | piātūrum esse | piātum īrī |
| present participle | piāns | — |
| perfect participle | — | piātus piāta, piātā, piātae, piātam, piātārum, piātās, piātī, piātōrum, piātōs |
| future participle | piātūrus piātūra, piātūrā, piātūrae, piātūram, piātūrārum, piātūrās, piātūre, piātūrī, piātūrīs, piātūrō, piātūrōrum, piātūrōs, piātūrum | piandus pianda, piandā, piandae, piandam, piandārum, piandās, piande, piandīs, piandōrum, piandōs |
gerundpiandī, piandō, piandumsupinepiātum, piātū
pĭo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. pius.
I. To seek to appease, to appease, propitiate by sacrifice (syn. place).—
B. Lit.:
Silvanum lacte piabant, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 143: ossa, Verg. A. 6, 379: busta (i.e. Manes), Ov. M. 13, 515: Janus Agonali luce piandus erit, id. F. 1, 318.—II. Transf.
A. To honor with religious rites, to celebrate:
ubi piem Pietatem, Plaut. As. 3, 1, 3: aras ture, Prop. 3, 10 (4, 9), 19: in magicis astra piare focis, to perform sacred rites, id. 1, 1, 20.—B. To purify with sacred rites (syn.:
procuro, lustro): si quid tibi piandum fuisset, Cic. Dom. 51.—C. To make or seek to make good, to atone for, expiate:
damna, Ov. A. A. 3, 160: mors morte pianda est, id. M. 8, 483: fulmen, to avert by sacrifice the misfortune portended by lightning, id. F. 3, 291: nefas triste, to atone for, avert the penalty, Verg. A. 2, 184; Ov. H. 19, 194: cometes terrificum sidus, ac non leviter piatum, Plin. 2, 25, 23, § 92.—E. To free from madness, Fest. p. 213 Müll.:
jube te piari de meā pecuniā: nam ego quidem insanum te esse certo scio, Plaut. Men. 2, 2, 17; so id. ib. 3, 2, 51.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
piō āvī, ātus, āre
pius, to approach with sacred rites, appease, propitiate : Silvanum lacte, H.: ossa, V.: Ianus piandus erit, O.— To purify with sacred rites : si quid tibi piandum fuisset.— To make good, atone for, expiate : mors morte pianda est, O.: fulmen, avert the omen of lightning , O.: prodigia, Ta.: culpam morte, atone for , V.: nefas morte piandum, i. e. to be punished , Iu.
Origins
From Proto-Italic *pīāō, from *pīos (“pious”) + *-āō (denominative verbal suffix), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *pewH- (“to be clean, pure”). By surface analysis, pius + -ō. Cognate with Umbrian pihatu (3rd person singular imperative).
In English words that came into English from piō
- expiationexpiātiō
- piacularpiacularis