verbfirst conjugation
perturbō
perturbō (present infinitive perturbāre, perfect active perturbāvī, supine perturbātum)
Classical[pɛrˈtʊr.boː]Ecclesiastical[perˈtur.bo]
Mille Verba core vocabulary
Meaning
- to confuse
- to disturb or perturb, trouble or alarm
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
ōrdinem tollō, animum turbō; rēs perturbātae.perturbō -āre — in Mille Verba, Theātrum
Conjugation conjugation 1
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | perturbō | perturbābam | perturbābō | perturbāvī | perturbāveram | perturbāverō perturbārō |
| 2nd sg. | perturbās | perturbābās | perturbābis | perturbāvistī perturbāstī | perturbāverās perturbārās | perturbāveris |
| 3rd sg. | perturbat | perturbābat | perturbābit | perturbāvit | perturbāverat perturbārat | perturbāverit perturbārit |
| 1st pl. | perturbāmus | perturbābāmus | perturbābimus | perturbāvimus | perturbāverāmus | perturbāverimus perturbārimus |
| 2nd pl. | perturbātis | perturbābātis | perturbābitis | perturbāvistis perturbāstis | perturbāverātis perturbārātis | perturbāveritis perturbāritis |
| 3rd pl. | perturbant | perturbābant | perturbābunt | perturbāvērunt perturbāvēre, perturbārunt | perturbāverant perturbārant | perturbāverint perturbārint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | perturbem | perturbārem | perturbāverim perturbārim | perturbāvissem perturbāssem |
| 2nd sg. | perturbēs | perturbārēs | perturbāverīs | perturbāvissēs perturbāssēs |
| 3rd sg. | perturbet | perturbāret | perturbāverit perturbārit | perturbāvisset perturbāsset |
| 1st pl. | perturbēmus | perturbārēmus | perturbāverīmus perturbārīmus | perturbāvissēmus perturbāssēmus |
| 2nd pl. | perturbētis | perturbārētis | perturbāverītis perturbārītis | perturbāvissētis perturbāssētis |
| 3rd pl. | perturbent | perturbārent | perturbāverint perturbārint | perturbāvissent perturbāssent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | perturbor | perturbābar | perturbābor |
| 2nd sg. | perturbāris perturbāre | perturbābāris perturbābāre | perturbāberis perturbābere |
| 3rd sg. | perturbātur | perturbābātur | perturbābitur |
| 1st pl. | perturbāmur | perturbābāmur | perturbābimur |
| 2nd pl. | perturbāminī | perturbābāminī | perturbābiminī |
| 3rd pl. | perturbantur | perturbābantur | perturbābuntur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | perturber | perturbārer |
| 2nd sg. | perturbēris perturbēre | perturbārēris perturbārēre |
| 3rd sg. | perturbētur | perturbārētur |
| 1st pl. | perturbēmur | perturbārēmur |
| 2nd pl. | perturbēminī | perturbārēminī |
| 3rd pl. | perturbentur | perturbārentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | perturbā | perturbāre |
| pres. 2nd pl. | perturbāte | perturbāminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | perturbātō | perturbātor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | perturbātō | perturbātor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | perturbātōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | perturbantō | perturbantor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | perturbāre | perturbārī |
| perfect infinitive | perturbāvisse perturbāsse | perturbātum esse |
| future infinitive | perturbātūrum esse | perturbātum īrī |
| present participle | perturbāns | — |
| perfect participle | — | perturbātus perturbāta, perturbātā, perturbātae, perturbātam, perturbātārum, perturbātās, perturbātī, perturbātōrum, perturbātōs |
| future participle | perturbātūrus perturbātūra, perturbātūrā, perturbātūrae, perturbātūram, perturbātūrārum, perturbātūrās, perturbātūre, perturbātūrī, perturbātūrīs, perturbātūrō, perturbātūrōrum, perturbātūrōs, perturbātūrum | perturbandus perturbanda, perturbandā, perturbandae, perturbandam, perturbandārum, perturbandās, perturbande, perturbandīs, perturbandōrum, perturbandōs |
gerundperturbandī, perturbandō, perturbandumsupineperturbātum, perturbātū
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- perturbari (animo)
- to lose one's composure; to be disconcerted.
- perturbari, permoveri
- to be nervous, embarrassed.
- rem publicam perturbare
- to throw the state into confusion.
- confusum, perturbatum esse
- to be confused.
- alicuius mentem turbare, conturbare, perturbare
- to upset a person.
per-turbo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a.,
I. to throw into confusion or disorder, to confuse, disturb (cf.: confundo, misceo).
I. Lit.:
omnia, Ter. And. 3, 4, 22: provinciam, Cic. Sull. 20, 56: aetatum ordinem, id. Brut. 62, 223: condiciones pactionesque bellicas perjurio, id. Off. 3, 29, 108: dies intermissus aut nox interposita saepe perturbat omnia, id. Mur. 17, 35: reliquos (milites) incertis ordinibus perturbaverunt, Caes. B. G. 4, 32: aciem, Sall. J. 59, 3: domum, Sen. Thyest. 83.—Pass., Plin. Pan. 76, 8.—B. Transf., to mix or mingle together:
omnia subtiliter cretā permisceas cum salibus torrefactis ac tritis et diu oleo injecto perturbes, Pall. 12, 18.—II. Trop., to disturb, discompose, embarrass, confound:
mea consilia, Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 127: mentes animosque perturbat timor, Caes. B. G. 1, 39: clamore perturbari, Cic. Rab. Perd. 6, 18: animum, joined with concitare, id. Or. 37, 128: de rei publicae salute perturbari, id. Mil. 1, 1: haec te vox non perculit? non perturbavit? Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 57, § 132: magno animi motu perturbatus, id. Att. 8, 11, 1.—Hence, perturbātus, a, um, P. a. A. Troubled, disturbed, unquiet:
mihi civitatem perturbatam vestris legibus et contionibus et deductionibus tradidistis, Cic. Agr. 1, 8, 23: perturbatissimum tempestatis genus, Sen. Q. N. 7, 10, 3: flamma quassatae rei publicae perturbatorumque temporum, Cic. Sest. 34, 73.—B. Disturbed, embarrassed, discomposed:
homo perturbatior metu, Cic. Att. 10, 14, 1: sane sum perturbatus cum ipsius familiaritate, id. ib. 1, 1, 4.—Subst.: per-turbāta, ōrum, n., confused visions, perverted truths: nunc onusti cibo et vino perturbata et confusa cernimus, Cic. Div. 1, 29, 60.—Adv.: perturbātē, confusedly, disorderly: ne quid perturbate, ne quid contorte dicatur, Cic. Inv. 1, 20, 29; id. Or. 35, 122: muta animalia perturbate moveri, Sen. Ep. 124, 19.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
per-turbō āvī, ātus, āre,
to confuse, disturb, confound, throw into disorder: aciem, S.: omnia, T.: aetatum ordinem: nox perturbat omnia: reliquos (milites) incertis ordinibus, Cs.—Fig., to disturb, discompose, embarrass, confound: mentīs animosque, Cs.: de rei p. salute perturbari: magno animi motu perturbatus: perturbatis sensibus Derepit (sus), Ph.: qui perturbantur, copiasne ducere . . . an, etc., are utterly at a loss, Cs.
Origins
From per- (prefix meaning ‘by means of; through’) + turbō (“to agitate, disturb, unsettle, perturb; to upset”).
Descendants
- Catalanpertorbar
- Englishperturbfrom Old French perturber
- Frenchperturberfrom Old French perturber
- Italianperturbare
- Portugueseperturbar
- Romanianperturba
- Spanishperturbar
- Galicianperturbar
In English words that came into English from perturbō
- perturbperturbāre
- perturbationperturbatio
- imperturbableimperturbābilis
- perturbateperturbātus