adjectivefirst/second-declension adjective
penitus1
penitus (feminine penita, neuter penitum, comparative penitior, superlative penitissimus)
Classical[ˈpɛ.nɪ.tʊs]Ecclesiastical[ˈpɛː.ni.tus]
Meaning
- adjectiveinner, inward
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
Choosing the right word Döderlein's Latin Synonyms
Plane · Omnino · Prorsus · Penitus · Utique
Plane means completely, in opp. to pæne, Cic. Brut. 97, 33; or vix, Att. xi. 9; omnino, altogether and generally, in opp. to partly, in some instances, with some exceptions; in opp. also to magna ex parte, Cic. Tusc. i. 1. Fam. ix. 15, or separatim, Plin. Ep. viii. 7, ὁλῶς; prorsus, exactly, in opp. to in some measure, or almost; penitus, thoroughly, deeply, in opp. to in a certain degree, or superficially, πάντως; utique [related to utcunque, as quisque to quicunque: opp. neutiquam], at any rate, in opp. to at all events, or perhaps ὁπωσδήποτε. (v. 260.)
Declension
| form | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | penitus | penita | penitum |
| genitive | penitī | penitae | penitī |
| dative | penitō | penitae | penitō |
| accusative | penitum | penitam | penitum |
| ablative | penitō | penitā | penitō |
| vocative | penite | penita | penitum |
| form | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | penitī | penitae | penita |
| genitive | penitōrum | penitārum | penitōrum |
| dative | penitīs | penitīs | penitīs |
| accusative | penitōs | penitās | penita |
| ablative | penitīs | penitīs | penitīs |
| vocative | penitī | penitae | penita |
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- suspicio ei penitus inhaeret
- he is in a suspicious mood.
- aliquid in memoria nostra penitus insidet
- a thing has been vividly impressed on our memory.
- superstitionem radicitus or penitus evellere
- to destroy superstition root and branch.
- praecepta philosophorum (penitus) percepta habere
- to be well acquainted with the views of philosophers.
- aliquid in animo haeret, penitus insedit or infixum est
- a thing is deeply impressed on the mind.
- aliquid animo mentique penitus mandare (Catil. 1. 11. 27)
- to impress a thing on one's memory, mind.
- penitus percipere et comprehendere aliquid (De Or. 1. 23. 108)
- to have a thorough grasp of a subject.
pĕnĭtus, a, um, adj. root pa- of pasco; v. penates,
I. inward, inner, interior (ante- and post-class.):
exscrea usque ex penitis faucibus, Plaut. As. 1, 1, 28: scaturigo fontis, App. M. 6, p. 178, 33: mente penitā conditum, id. ib. 11, p. 259, 38.—Comp. penitior pars domūs, App. Fragm. ap. Prisc. p. 599 P.—Sup.: advecta ex Arabiā penitissimā, Plaut. Pers. 4, 3, 53; so id. ib. 4, 3, 71: in latebras abscondas pectore penitissimo, id. Cist. 1, 1, 65: Scythae illi penitissimi, the most remote, Gell. 9, 4, 6: de Graecorum penitissimis litteris, Macr. S. 5, 19. —As subst.: pĕnĭta, ōrum, n., the inmost parts: mundi, Mart. Cap. 1, § 9: terrae, id. 6, § 600: sacri loci, Jul. Val. Rer. Gest. Alex. 3, 43.—Hence, adv., in two forms. A. pĕnĭtē (poet. and post-class.), inwardly, internally, Cat. 61, 178.—Sup.:
penitissime, Sid. Ep. 4, 9.—B. pĕnĭtus (class.), inwardly, internally, in the inside (cf.: prorsus, omnino).
1. Lit.
a. In gen. (only poet.):
extra penitusque coacti Exagitant venti, Sev. Aetn. 317: penitusque deus, non fronte notandus, Manil. 4, 309.—b. In partic., deeply, far within, into the inmost part (class.):
saxum penitus excisum, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 27, § 68: argentum penitus abditum, id. Off. 2, 2, 13: jacent penitus defossa talenta, Verg. A. 10, 526: penitus convalle virenti, id. ib. 6, 679: penitus terrae defigitur arbos, id. G. 2, 290: penitus penetrare, Cels. 5, 26, 7: Suevos penitus ad extremos fines se recepisse, Caes. B. G. 6, 9: penitus in Thraciam se abdidit, Nep. Alcib. 9: mare retibus penitus scrutare, Juv. 5, 95.—(b). Trop., deeply, far within. from the innermost depths or recesses:
penitus ex intimā philosophiā hauriendam juris disciplinam putas, from the very depths of philosophy, Cic. Leg. 1, 5, 17: opinio tam penitus insita, so deeply rooted, id. Clu. 1, 4: bene penitus sese dare in familiaritatem alicujus, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 70, § 169: periculum penitus in venis et visceribus rei publicae, in the very heart, id. Cat. 1, 13, 31: demittere se penitus in causam, id. Att. 7, 12, 3.—2. Transf. (qs. through and through, to the bottom of a thing, i. e.), thoroughly, completely, wholly, entirely, utterly (class.):
caput et supercilia penitus abrasa, Cic. Rosc. Com. 7, 20: utrum hic confirmasse videtur religionem an penitus totam sustulisse? id. N. D. 1, 42, 119: res penitus perspectae, id. de Or. 1, 23, 108: penitus pernoscere omnes animorum motus, id. ib. 1, 5, 17: quod in memoriā meā penitus insederit, id. ib. 2, 28, 122: intellegere aliquid, id. Att. 8, 12, 1: amittere hanc consuetudinem et disciplinam, id. Off. 2, 8, 27: diffidere rei publicae, id. Fam. 5, 13, 5: perdere se ipsos, id. Fin. 1, 15, 49: te penitus rogo ne, etc., Q. Cic. ap. Cic. Fam. 16, 8, 1: penitus toto divisos orbe Britannos, Verg. E. 1, 66: dilecta penitus, Hor. C. 1, 21, 4.— Hence, to strengthen the comp.: penitus crudelior, far more, Prop. 1, 16, 17.—To strengthen the sup.: vir penitus Romano nomini infestissimus, Vell. 2, 27, 1.Origins
From the root of penus (“food, provisions”) and penes (“in the control of”). De Vaan reconstructs an extended stem *pen-et- as the source of penes, penitus and penetrō. The adverb appears to be formed as pen-o-/pen-u- (root of the noun penus) + -tus (adverb-forming suffix).