oportet
Meaning
- impersonalto be necessary, needful; to be proper, becoming, right or reasonable; to behoove; (absolutely) one should or ought to
mulier, quam nōs amāre oportet
woman, whom we should love / woman, who should love usmulier, quam ā nōbīs amārī oportet
woman, whom we should love
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
dēbet fierī; oportet tē = dēbēs.necesse est, decetChoosing the right word Döderlein's Latin Synonyms
Necesse est · Oportet · Opus est · Debere
1. Necesse est (ἀναγκάζω) denotes an obligation of nature and necessity, like ἀνάγκη ἐστίν; oportet, an obligation of morality and of honor, like χρή; opus est (πόθος, optare?) an obligation of prudence, like δεῖ. Cic. Orat. ii. 25. Jure omnia defenduntur quæ sunt ejus generis, ut aut oportuerit aut licuerit aut necesse fuerit. Att. iv. 6. Si loquor de republica quod oportet, insanus; si, quod opus est, servus existimor. And xiii. 25. Cat. ap. Sen. Ep. 94. Emo non quod opus est, sed quod necesse est; quod non opus est, asse carum est. And Cic. Or. ii. 43. 2. Oportet denotes objectively, the moral claim which is made upon any man; debere (δεύεσθαι, δεῖν? or, dehibere?) subjectively, the moral obligation which any man is under, like ὀφείλειν. Tac. Hist. iv. 7. Accusatores etiamsi puniri non oporteat, ostentari non debere. (v. 323.)
Conjugation conjugation 2 no-supine
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2nd sg. | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 3rd sg. | oportet | oportēbat | oportēbit | oportuit | oportuerat | oportuerit |
| 1st pl. | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2nd pl. | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 3rd pl. | — | — | — | — | — | — |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | — | — | — | — |
| 2nd sg. | — | — | — | — |
| 3rd sg. | oporteat | oportēret | oportuerit | oportuisset |
| 1st pl. | — | — | — | — |
| 2nd pl. | — | — | — | — |
| 3rd pl. | — | — | — | — |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| fut. 3rd sg. | oportētō | — |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | oportēre | — |
| perfect infinitive | oportuisse | — |
| present participle | oportēns | — |
hoc fieri et oportet et opus est, id. Att. 13, 25, 1: ted ipsum oportet hoc profiteri et proloqui, Enn. ap. Non. 232, 24 (Trag. v. 384 Vahl); cf.: qui alteri exitium parat, eum scire oportet sibi paratam pestem parem, id. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 17, 39 (Trag. v. 22 ib.): hanc scire oportet, filia tua ubi sit, Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 51: servum hercle te esse oportet et nequam et malum, you must be a truly goodfor-nothing slave, id. Poen. 5, 2, 70: non oportuit relictas (i. e. relictas esse ancillas), Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 6: adulescenti morem gestum oportuit, id. Ad. 2, 2, 6: ut ut erat, mansum tamen oportuit, he ought to have stayed, id. Heaut. 1, 2, 26: nec mediocre telum ad res gerendas existimare oportet benevolentiam civium, Cic. Lael. 17, 61: pecunia, quam his oportuit civitatibus pro frumento dari, that was to be given, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 75, § 174: unde habeas, quaerit nemo, sed oportet habere, Juv. 14, 207.—With subj.: ex rerum cognitione efflorescat et redundet oportet oratio, Cic. de Or. 1, 6, 20: me ipsum ames oportet, non mea, id. Fin. 2, 26: valeat possessor oportet, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 49.—Also (late Lat.) constr. with ut and subj., Aug. Civ. Dei, 1, 10; Boëth. Consol. Phil. 1, pros. 4.—Absol.: si denique aliquid non contra ac liceret factum diceretur, sed contra atque oporteret ... est enim aliquid, quod non oporteat, etiam si licet: quicquid vero non licet, certe non oportet, Cic. Balb. 3, 7; cf.: ne quid fiat secus quam volumus quamque oportet, id. Att. 6, 2, 2: alio tempore atque oportuerit, Caes. B. G. 7, 33: longior quam oportet sermo, Quint. 8, 3, 53; cf. id. 8, 2, 23; 9, 4, 144.—haec facta ab illo oportebant (al. oportebat), Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 25; cf. id. And. 3, 2, 1.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
Origins
For *opvortet, from Proto-Indo-European *wortéyeti, causative stem (2nd conjugation) of the root of vertō (“to turn”) (3rd conjugation). Some refer the op- to ob-, some to opus, with which compare the similar expressions opus est and operam dare. See also ligō, vinciō for other examples of words meaning to bind or turn, having derivatives with the sense of obliging.
- Idooportar