numeral
octō
octō (indeclinable)
Classical[ˈɔk.toː]Ecclesiastical[ˈɔk.to]
Mille Verba core vocabulary
Meaning
- indeclinableeight; 8
huic a stirpe pedes temo protentus in octo,
then nigh the root / A pole eight feet projecting, earth-boards twain, / And share-beam with its double back they fixc. 37 BCE – 30 BCE, Vergilius, Georgicon 1.171T. etiam Quintius Cincinnatus Praenestinos, qui usque ad urbis Romae portas cum bello venerant, persecutus ad flumen Alliam vicit, octo civitates, quae sub ipsis agebant, Romanis adiunxit, ipsum Praeneste adgressus in deditionem accepit.
Titus Quintius Cincinnatus, also, having pursued the Praenestini, who had advanced in a hostile manner to the very gates of Rome, defeated them on the river Allia, annexing eight cities that were under their dominion to the Roman empire; and, attacking Praeneste itself, forced it to surrender.c. 370 CE, Eutropius, Breviarium historiae romanae 2.2
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
octŏ, num. adj. Gr. ὀκτώ; Sanscr. ashtan; Goth. ahtau; Germ. acht; Engl. eight,
I. eight: milia militum octo, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 556 P. (Ann. v. 336 Vahl.):
milia passuum octo, Caes. B. G. 1, 21: centum et octo anni, Cic. Rep. 2, 10, 18: centuriae, id. ib. 2, 22, 39: decem et octo, Liv. 10, 21, 6: mariti, Juv. 6, 229.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
octō or VIII
num, eight: cohortes, S.: milia passuum VIII, Cs.: HS VIII milia.
Origins
Inherited from Proto-Italic *oktō. Cognates include Sanskrit अष्ट (aṣṭa), Ancient Greek ὀκτώ (oktṓ), Gothic 𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌰𐌿 (ahtau) and Old English eahta (English eight). Rubenbauer/Hofmann argue the form seems to stem from a PIE dual ("two times four fingertips" in a base-4 system).
Occitano-Romance
- Catalanvuit
- Occitanuèch
- Occitanuèit
- Occitanuòch
- Occitanvuèch
- Valencianhuitfrom Catalan vuit
Ibero-Romance
- Portugueseoitofrom Old Galician-Portuguese oito
- Portugueseoutofrom Old Galician-Portuguese oito
- Spanishochofrom Old Spanish ocho
- Aragoneseueito
- Aragoneseueit
- Leonesegüeitufrom Old Leonese uecho
- Mirandeseuitofrom Old Leonese uecho
- Galicianoitofrom Old Galician-Portuguese oito
- Galicianoutofrom Old Galician-Portuguese oito
- Asturianoitofrom Old Galician-Portuguese oito
Insular Romance
- Sardinianoto
- Sardinianòtu
Balkan Romance
- Romanianopt
- Aromanianoptu
- Istro-Romanianopt
- Megleno-Romanianuopt
Italo-Romance
- Italianotto
- Corsicanottu
- Dalmatianuapto
- Dalmatianguapto
- Dalmatianuat
- Neapolitanotto
- Sicilianottu
Gallo-Romance
- Frenchhuitfrom Old French uit
- Franco-Provençalhuét
- Normanhuitfrom Old French uit
- Walloonûtfrom Old French uit
Borrowings
- Englishocto-
- Dutchocto-
North Italian
- Emilianòt
- Friulianvot
- Istriotuoto
- Ladinot
- Piedmonteseeut
- Piedmonteseeugg
- Romanshotg
- Romanshoch
- Romanshot
- Romanshaut
In English words that came into English from octō
- OctoberOctōber
- octonaryoctōnārius
- octicoctō
- octonariusoctōnārius