verbirregular conjugation, suppletive, no passive, no supine stem except in the future active participle, no gerund
obsum
obsum (present infinitive obesse, perfect active obfuī, future active participle obfutūrus)
Classical[ˈɔp.sũː]Ecclesiastical[ˈɔb.sum]
Meaning
- suppletiveto be against, be prejudicial to, be opposed to
cultūs et ōrnātīs variē prōdīsse capillīs
Her elegance was against her, and that she went about with variously ornate hairstyles, together with her ready retorts to the strict old men. (See Claudia Quinta.)8 CE, Ovidius, Fasti 4.309–310 - suppletiveto hinder, get or be in the way
SĪMŌ: Simul, scelerātus Dāvus sī quid cōnsilī / habet, ut cōnsūmat nunc cum nīl obsint dolī.
SIMO: At the same time, if that wicked Davus has thought of some scheme, he may squander it now when his tricks won’t be a hindrance. Or, …when his tricks will do no harm.166 BCE, Publius Terentius Afer, Andria 159–160 - suppletiveto hurt, injure, do harm to
Conjugation future irregular no supine
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | obsum | oberam | oberō | obfuī | obfueram | obfuerō |
| 2nd sg. | obes | oberās | oberis obere | obfuistī | obfuerās | obfueris |
| 3rd sg. | obest | oberat | oberit | obfuit | obfuerat | obfuerit |
| 1st pl. | obsumus | oberāmus | oberimus | obfuimus | obfuerāmus | obfuerimus |
| 2nd pl. | obestis | oberātis | oberitis | obfuistis | obfuerātis | obfueritis |
| 3rd pl. | obsunt | oberant | oberunt | obfuērunt obfuēre | obfuerant | obfuerint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | obsim obsiem, obfuam | obessem obforem | obfuerim | obfuissem |
| 2nd sg. | obsīs obsiēs, obfuās | obessēs obforēs | obfuerīs | obfuissēs |
| 3rd sg. | obsit obsiet, obfuat | obesset obforet | obfuerit | obfuisset |
| 1st pl. | obsīmus obsiēmus, obfuāmus | obessēmus obforēmus | obfuerīmus | obfuissēmus |
| 2nd pl. | obsītis obsiētis, obfuātis | obessētis obforētis | obfuerītis | obfuissētis |
| 3rd pl. | obsint obsient, obfuant | obessent obforent | obfuerint | obfuissent |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | obes | — |
| pres. 2nd pl. | obeste | — |
| fut. 2nd sg. | obestō | — |
| fut. 3rd sg. | obestō | — |
| fut. 2nd pl. | obestōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | obsuntō | — |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | obesse | — |
| perfect infinitive | obfuisse | — |
| future infinitive | obfutūrum esse obfore | — |
| future participle | obfutūrus obfutūra, obfutūrā, obfutūrae, obfutūram, obfutūrārum, obfutūrās, obfutūre, obfutūrī, obfutūrīs, obfutūrō, obfutūrōrum, obfutūrōs, obfutūrum | — |
ob-sum, obfui or offui, obesse (old form of
I. fut. obescet, oberit vel aderit, Paul. ex Fest. p. 188 Müll.), v. n., to be against, be prejudicial to; to hinder, hurt, injure; opp. to prodesse (cf.: officio, noceo, injuriam facio; class.): Ty. Nunc falsa prosunt. Heg. At tibi oberunt, Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 48; Ter. Hec. 3, 5, 13; cf.: men obesse, illos prodesse, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 31, 66 (Trag. v. 84 Vahl.); and:
qui (pudor) non modo non obesset ejus orationi, sed etiam probitatis commendatione prodesset, Cic. de Or. 1, 26, 122: subicimus id. quod nobis adjumento futurum sit, aut offuturum illis e contrario. Auct. Her. 4, 23, 33: obsunt auctoribus artes, Ov. M. 7, 562: ne prodigus obsit, Verg. G. 4, 89.—With a subject-clause: nec, dum degrandinat, obsit Agresti fano supposuisse pecus, Ov. F. 4, 755: nihil obest dicere, Cic. Fam. 9, 13, 4.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
ob-sum obfuī
(offuī), obesse, to be against, be prejudicial to, hinder, hurt, injure: Pa. Quidquid est id . . . profuit. La. Immo obfuit, T.: eum, ne prodigus obsit, Dede neci, V.: id obesse huic? T.: obest Clodii mors Miloni: obsunt auctoribus artes, O.: quod mi obsit locutus, to my hurt, H.: nec obsit Agresti fano supposuisse pecus, O.: nihil obest dicere.
Origins
From ob- (“against”) + sum (“to be”).