verbthird conjugation
obruō
obruō (present infinitive obruere, perfect active obruī, supine obrutum)
Classical[ˈɔb.ru.oː]Ecclesiastical[ˈɔb.ru.o]
Meaning
- to overwhelm or overthrow, overpower
[…] ingens curarum moles, quibus in concilianda publici ordinis restitutione obruti fuimus, moram tunc nostrae huic obiecit voluntati.
1832, Gregory XVI, Mirari Vos: - to bury
- to conceal
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
superiectīs operiōobruō -ere, -rutus — in IVLIANVS III: Persia, ch. 22
operiō, lapidibus premōobruō -ere — in Evangelium secundum Matthaeum, ch. 19
superné tegō et mergōobruō -ere — in Metamorphoses I, ch. 23
Conjugation conjugation 3
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | obruō | obruēbam | obruam | obruī | obrueram | obruerō |
| 2nd sg. | obruis | obruēbās | obruēs | obruistī | obruerās | obrueris |
| 3rd sg. | obruit | obruēbat | obruet | obruit | obruerat | obruerit |
| 1st pl. | obruimus | obruēbāmus | obruēmus | obruimus | obruerāmus | obruerimus |
| 2nd pl. | obruitis | obruēbātis | obruētis | obruistis | obruerātis | obrueritis |
| 3rd pl. | obruunt | obruēbant | obruent | obruērunt obruēre | obruerant | obruerint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | obruam | obruerem | obruerim | obruissem |
| 2nd sg. | obruās | obruerēs | obruerīs | obruissēs |
| 3rd sg. | obruat | obrueret | obruerit | obruisset |
| 1st pl. | obruāmus | obruerēmus | obruerīmus | obruissēmus |
| 2nd pl. | obruātis | obruerētis | obruerītis | obruissētis |
| 3rd pl. | obruant | obruerent | obruerint | obruissent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | obruor | obruēbar | obruar |
| 2nd sg. | obrueris obruere | obruēbāris obruēbāre | obruēris obruēre |
| 3rd sg. | obruitur | obruēbātur | obruētur |
| 1st pl. | obruimur | obruēbāmur | obruēmur |
| 2nd pl. | obruiminī | obruēbāminī | obruēminī |
| 3rd pl. | obruuntur | obruēbantur | obruentur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | obruar | obruerer |
| 2nd sg. | obruāris obruāre | obruerēris obruerēre |
| 3rd sg. | obruātur | obruerētur |
| 1st pl. | obruāmur | obruerēmur |
| 2nd pl. | obruāminī | obruerēminī |
| 3rd pl. | obruantur | obruerentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | obrue | obruere |
| pres. 2nd pl. | obruite | obruiminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | obruitō | obruitor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | obruitō | obruitor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | obruitōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | obruuntō | obruuntor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | obruere | obruī |
| perfect infinitive | obruisse | obrutum esse |
| future infinitive | obrutūrum esse | obrutum īrī |
| present participle | obruēns | — |
| perfect participle | — | obrutus obruta, obrutā, obrutae, obrutam, obrutārum, obrutās, obrute, obrutī, obrutīs, obrutō, obrutōrum, obrutōs |
| future participle | obrutūrus obrutūra, obrutūrā, obrutūrae, obrutūram, obrutūrārum, obrutūrās, obrutūre, obrutūrī, obrutūrīs, obrutūrō, obrutūrōrum, obrutūrōs, obrutūrum | obruendus obruenda, obruendā, obruendae, obruendam, obruendārum, obruendās, obruende, obruendīs, obruendōrum, obruendōs |
gerundobruendī, obruendō, obruendumsupineobrutum, obrutū
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- calamitatibus obrui
- to be overwhelmed with misfortune.
- fluctibus (undis) obrui,submergi
- to be engulfed.
- oblivione obrui, deleri, exstingui
- to be forgotten, pass into oblivion.
- aere alieno obrutum, demersum esse
- to be deeply in debt.
- vitiis, sceleribus inquinatum, contaminatum, obrutum esse
- to be vicious, criminal.
- multis negotiis implicatum, districtum, distentum, obrutum esse
- to be involved in many undertakings; to be much occupied, embarrassed, overwhelmed by business-claims.
ob-rŭo, ŭi, ŭtum, 3 (
I. inf. pres. pass. OBRI for obrui, Inscr. Marin. Fratr. Arv. p. 341; v. in the foll. I. B. 1.), v. a. (n. Lucr. 3, 775; v. infra), to overwhelm, overthrow, strike down; to cover, cover over with any thing; also to hide in the ground, bury by heaping over (class.; cf.: opprimo, subruo).
I. Lit.
A. In gen.:
aliquem caestu, Stat. Achill. 1, 191: concidit, et totis fratrem gravis obruit armis, id. Th. 11, 573; Verg. A. 5, 692: confossus undique obruitur, Curt. 8, 11: ranae marinae dicuntur obruere sese harenā solere, bury themselves in the sand, Cic. N. D. 2, 49, 125: thesaurum, to bury, id. Sen. 7, 21: ova, to hide in the earth, id. N. D. 2, 52, 129: aegros veste, to cover, Plin. 26, 3, 8, § 16: oceanum rubra tractim obruit aethra, covered, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 4 (Ann. v. 418 Vahl.); so, terram nox obruit umbris, Lucr. 6, 864.—B. In partic., to bury, inter a dead body (perh. only post-Aug.), Tac. A. 1, 29 fin.:
cadaver levi caespite obrutum est, Suet. Calig. 59: cujus ossa in Vulcanali obruta sunt, Paul. ex Fest. s. v. statua, p. 290 Müll.: QVOD SE VOLVIT OBRI. Inscr. Marin. Fratr. Arv. p. 341.—2. To sink in the sea, cover with water:
puppes, Verg. A. 1, 69: quos Obruit Auster, overwhelmed, sunk, id. ib. 6, 336: navem, Dig. 9, 2, 29: obrutus adulter aquis, Ov. Her. 1, 6: obruerit cum tot deus aequoris undis, id. P. 3, 6, 29: vultus, id. Tr. 1, 2, 34: Aegyptum Nilus, Cic. N. D. 2, 52.—C. To sow seed; cover with earth:
semina terrā, Ov. R. Am. 173: milium, Col. 11, 2, 72: lupinum, id. 11, 2, 81: betam, id. 11, 3, 42.—D. To overload, surfeit with any thing:
se vino, Cic. Deiot. 9. —II. Trop.
A. To overwhelm, bury, conceal, put out of sight, abolish, consign to oblivion:
ut adversā quasi perpetuā oblivione obruamus, Cic. Fin. 1, 17, 57; cf.: ea quae umquam vetustas obruet aut quae tanta delebit oblivio? id. Deiot. 13, 37; and: (sermo) nec umquam de ullo perennis fuit, et obruitur hominum interitu, id. Rep. 6, 23, 25: talis viri interitu sex suos obruere consulatus, to dim, cloud, destroy the glory of six consulships, id. Tusc. 5, 19, 56.— 2. Neutr.:
et domus aetatis spatio ne fessa vetusto obruat, i. e. fall to ruin, Lucr. 3, 775.—B. To overwhelm, overload, weigh down, oppress with any thing:
criminibus obrutus atque oppressus, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 7, § 20; so, copiā sententiarum atque verborum, id. Tusc. 2, 1, 3: ambitione, et foro, id. de Or. 1, 21, 94: aere alieno, id. Att. 2, 1, 11; cf. faenore, Liv. 6, 14; 35, 7: magnitudine negotii, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 1, § 4.—C. To overcome, overpower, surpass, eclipse, obscure:
famam alicujus, Tac. Agr. 17: obruimur numero, are outnumbered, Verg. A. 2, 424: obruit Idaeam quantum tuba Martia buxum, Val. Fl. 1, 320: M. Brutus Vatinium dignatione obruerat, Vell. 2, 69: Venus Nymphas obruit, Stat. Achill. 1, 293.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
ob-ruō uī, utus, ere,
to overwhelm, overthrow, cover, cover over, hide, bury: ibi vivi obruerentur, be buried alive, S.: confossus undique obruitur, Cu.: sese harenā, hide in the sand: thesaurum, bury.—To sink, submerge, cover with water, overflow: submersas obrue puppīs, V.: me undis, H.: obrutus adulter aquis, O.: Aegyptum Nilus.—To sow, plant, cover with earth: semina terrā, O.—To cover, bury, cast down, destroy: telis Nostrorum obrui, V.: Si mereor, tuā obrue dextrā, V.—To overload, surfeit: vino se.—Fig., to overwhelm, bury, conceal, put out of sight, abolish: adversa perpetuā oblivione: omen: orationem, i. e. refute, L.: talis viri interitu sex suos obruere consulatūs, destroyed the glory of.—To overwhelm, overload, weigh down, oppress: criminibus obrutus: aere alieno: faenore, L.: qui in augendā obruitur re, in the pursuit of wealth, H.—To overcome, overpower, surpass, eclipse, obscure: successoris famam, Ta.: obruimur numero, are outnumbered, V.
Origins
Proto-Indo-European *h₃er- Proto-Indo-European *h₃rew-der. Latin ruō Latin obruō From ob- + ruō.