verbsecond conjugation
misereō
misereō (present infinitive miserēre, perfect active miseruī, supine miseritum)
Classical[mɪˈsɛ.re.oː]Ecclesiastical[miˈs̬ɛː.re.o]
Meaning
- to lament, bewail or deplore
- to pity or feel sorry for
Choosing the right word Döderlein's Latin Synonyms
Misereri · Miserari · Miseret me
Misereri means to feel pity in the heart, to compassionate, like ἐλεεῖν; whereas miserari, to express pity in words, to commiserate, like οἰκτείρειν. For the German word erbarmen, to show pity by actions, the Latins have no separate word. 2. By misereor tui, pity is represented as an act of the free-will, and thereby the noble nature of the compassionate is depicted; whereas by miseret me tui, pity is represented as a suffering, which cannot be resisted, whereby all moral merit is taken away, and the greatness of another’s misfortune more strongly expressed. Miserere is a causative, like οἰκτίζειν. (ii. 171.)
Conjugation conjugation 2
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | misereō | miserēbam | miserēbō | miseruī | miserueram | miseruerō |
| 2nd sg. | miserēs | miserēbās | miserēbis | miseruistī | miseruerās | miserueris |
| 3rd sg. | miseret | miserēbat | miserēbit | miseruit | miseruerat | miseruerit |
| 1st pl. | miserēmus | miserēbāmus | miserēbimus | miseruimus | miseruerāmus | miseruerimus |
| 2nd pl. | miserētis | miserēbātis | miserēbitis | miseruistis | miseruerātis | miserueritis |
| 3rd pl. | miserent | miserēbant | miserēbunt | miseruērunt miseruēre | miseruerant | miseruerint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | miseream | miserērem | miseruerim | miseruissem |
| 2nd sg. | misereās | miserērēs | miseruerīs | miseruissēs |
| 3rd sg. | misereat | miserēret | miseruerit | miseruisset |
| 1st pl. | misereāmus | miserērēmus | miseruerīmus | miseruissēmus |
| 2nd pl. | misereātis | miserērētis | miseruerītis | miseruissētis |
| 3rd pl. | misereant | miserērent | miseruerint | miseruissent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | misereor | miserēbar | miserēbor |
| 2nd sg. | miserēris miserēre | miserēbāris miserēbāre | miserēberis miserēbere |
| 3rd sg. | miserētur | miserēbātur | miserēbitur |
| 1st pl. | miserēmur | miserēbāmur | miserēbimur |
| 2nd pl. | miserēminī | miserēbāminī | miserēbiminī |
| 3rd pl. | miserentur | miserēbantur | miserēbuntur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | miserear | miserērer |
| 2nd sg. | misereāris misereāre | miserērēris miserērēre |
| 3rd sg. | misereātur | miserērētur |
| 1st pl. | misereāmur | miserērēmur |
| 2nd pl. | misereāminī | miserērēminī |
| 3rd pl. | misereantur | miserērentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | miserē | miserēre |
| pres. 2nd pl. | miserēte | miserēminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | miserētō | miserētor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | miserētō | miserētor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | miserētōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | miserentō | miserentor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | miserēre | miserērī miserērier |
| perfect infinitive | miseruisse | miseritum esse |
| future infinitive | miseritūrum esse | miseritum īrī |
| present participle | miserēns | — |
| perfect participle | — | miseritus miserita, miseritā, miseritae, miseritam, miseritārum, miseritās, miserite, miseritī, miseritīs, miseritō, miseritōrum, miseritōs, miserta, misertā, misertae, misertam, misertārum, misertās, miserte, misertī, misertīs, misertō, misertōrum, misertōs, misertum, misertus |
| future participle | miseritūrus miseritūra, miseritūrā, miseritūrae, miseritūram, miseritūrārum, miseritūrās, miseritūre, miseritūrī, miseritūrīs, miseritūrō, miseritūrōrum, miseritūrōs, miseritūrum | miserendus miserenda, miserendā, miserendae, miserendam, miserendārum, miserendās, miserende, miserendīs, miserendōrum, miserendōs |
gerundmiserendī, miserendō, miserendumsupinemiseritum, miseritū
mĭsĕrĕo, ŭi, ĭtum, 2, v. n. and mĭsĕ-rĕor, ĭtus, 2 (
I. inf. pres. misererier, Lucr. 5, 1023; ante- and post-class. part. perf. misertus for miseritus, Scip. Afric. ap. Macr. S. 2, 10; Hyg. Fab. 58), v. dep. miser, to feel pity, have compassion, to pity, compassionate, commiserate.
I. In the verb. finit. (in the act. form only ante-class.).
(a). Form misereo:
piaculumst miserere nos hominum rem male gerentum, Plaut. Truc. 2, 1, 13: miserete anuis, Enn. ap. Non. 474, 30 (Trag. v. 232 Vahl.): cogebant hostes, ut misererent, id. ap. Prisc. p. 824 P.: ipse sui miseret, Lucr. 3, 881.—(b). Form misereor (class.):
miseremini sociorum, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 28, § 72: postulat, ut sui misereantur, Auct. Her. 1, 14, 24: miserere temporis, Caecin. ap. Cic. Fam. 6, 7, 1: nescio qui nostri miseritus tandem deus, Afran. ap. Gell. 20, 6, 5: deos miseritos nominis Romani, Liv. 27, 33 fin.: cum misereri mei debent, Cic. Att. 4, 5, 2: laborum tantorum, Verg. A. 2, 143: miserere mei, miserere meorum, Ov. H. 12, 81: miserere inopum sociorum, Juv. 8, 89.—With dat.: cui Venus postea miserta est, Hyg. Fab. 58; Diom. p. 294 P. —With acc. (dub.): tot miserere animas, Grat. Cyneg. 440 (al. miserare).—Impers. pass.: ut supplicum misereatur, that we should feel pity for suppliants, Cic. Inv. 1, 30, 48.—II. Impers.: miseret and (less freq.) miseretur me alicujus and alicujus rei, it distresses me, I feel pity or compassion for a person or thing.
(a). Form miseret: miseret me eādem formā dicitur, quā piget, poenitet, taedet, Paul. ex Fest. p. 123 Müll.: tui me miseret, mei piget, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 31, 66 (Trag. v. 82 Vahl.); cf.: quos non miseret neminis, id. ap. Fest. p. 162 Müll. (Trag. v. 174 ib.):
miseret et aliorum, tui te nec miseret nec pudet, Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 30: eorum nos miseret, Cic. Mil. 34, 92: neque te mei tergi misereret, si, etc., Plaut. Ps. 5, 2, 25: nilne te miseret, id. ib. 1, 3, 74.—(b). Form miseretur, miseritum (misertum) est: patris me miseretur, Turp. ap. Non. 477, 15: neque me minus vestri quam mei miserebitur, L. Crassus ap. Prisc. p. 824: quando te nostrum et reipublicae miserebitur? Quadrig. ap. Gell. 20, 6, 11:
cave te fratrum pro fratris salute obsecrantium misereatur, Cic. Lig. 5, 14, acc. to Prisc. p. 797 P. (Klotz, misereat): neque metui, neque tuorum liberum misereri potest, id. Verr. 2, 1, 30, § 77 Zumpt N. cr.: me ejus miseritum'st, Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 29: quo me reipublicae maxime misertum est, Scip. Afric. ap. Macr. S. 2, 10.—With gen.: miseretur tui, Pac. ap. Non. 477, 16.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
(misereō) see miseret.
Origins
- Proto-Indo-European*mh₂isros?
- Proto-Italic*misseros
- Latinmisereō
Proto-Indo-European *-éh₁ti Proto-Indo-European *-yeti Proto-Indo-European *-éh₁yeti Proto-Italic *-ējō Proto-Indo-European *-éh₁tiinflu. Proto-Italic *-ēō Latin -eō Latin misereō From miser + -eō.
Descendants
- Englishmiserere
- Italianmiserere
- Romanianmeserere
- Spanishmiserere