verbthird conjugation
minuō
minuō (present infinitive minuere, perfect active minuī, supine minūtum)
Classical[ˈmɪ.nu.oː]Ecclesiastical[ˈmiː.nu.o]
minūta sg. nom. f. perf. pass. ptcp.; pl. nom. n. perf. pass. ptcp.; pl. acc. n. perf. pass. ptcp.; sg. abl. f. perf. pass. ptcp.; sg. voc. f. perf. pass. ptcp.; pl. voc. n. perf. pass. ptcp.Mille Verba core vocabulary
Meaning
- to make smaller, lessen, diminish, reduce, minimize
- to attenuate, appease, suppress, repress, quell
- to dismember, tear apart, break
- to restrict, confine, limit
animos minuere
to restrict the wrath - to remove, subtract, detract
- to reduce the importance
- to undermine, weaken, debilitate, soften
- to eliminate, delete, remove
- poeticto cease, stop, give up
nil adeo magnum neque tam mirabile quicquam,
Nothing is so great or so miraculous that all do not gradually cease to marvel thereat.c. 99 BCE – 55 BCE, Lucretius, De rerum natura II.1028
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
minus faciōminuō -ere — in IVLIANVS II: Imperium, ch. 5
nummus minimusminūtum -ī (n) — in Evangelium secundum Marcum, ch. 18
Choosing the right word Döderlein's Latin Synonyms
Parvus · Minutus · Exiguus · Pusillus
Parvus and minutus denote littleness, quite indifferently, and in a purely mathematical sense, without any accessory notion; parvus (παῦρος) a natural and intrinsic littleness, in opp. to magnus, like μικρός; minutus (μινύθω) an artificial and fabricated littleness; whereas exiguus and pusillus with a contemptuous accessory notion; exiguus from (egere) in a pitiable sense, as paltry and insignificant, in opp. to amplus. Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. x. 24; or in opp. to grandis, Quintil. xi. 3, 15; but pusillus (ψιλός?) in a ludicrous sense, as petty, nearly in opp. to ingens, like τυτθός. (v. 28.)
Conjugation conjugation 3
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | minuō | minuēbam | minuam | minuī | minueram | minuerō |
| 2nd sg. | minuis | minuēbās | minuēs | minuistī | minuerās | minueris |
| 3rd sg. | minuit | minuēbat | minuet | minuit | minuerat | minuerit |
| 1st pl. | minuimus | minuēbāmus | minuēmus | minuimus | minuerāmus | minuerimus |
| 2nd pl. | minuitis | minuēbātis | minuētis | minuistis | minuerātis | minueritis |
| 3rd pl. | minuunt | minuēbant | minuent | minuērunt minuēre | minuerant | minuerint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | minuam | minuerem | minuerim | minuissem |
| 2nd sg. | minuās | minuerēs | minuerīs | minuissēs |
| 3rd sg. | minuat | minueret | minuerit | minuisset |
| 1st pl. | minuāmus | minuerēmus | minuerīmus | minuissēmus |
| 2nd pl. | minuātis | minuerētis | minuerītis | minuissētis |
| 3rd pl. | minuant | minuerent | minuerint | minuissent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | minuor | minuēbar | minuar |
| 2nd sg. | minueris minuere | minuēbāris minuēbāre | minuēris minuēre |
| 3rd sg. | minuitur | minuēbātur | minuētur |
| 1st pl. | minuimur | minuēbāmur | minuēmur |
| 2nd pl. | minuiminī | minuēbāminī | minuēminī |
| 3rd pl. | minuuntur | minuēbantur | minuentur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | minuar | minuerer |
| 2nd sg. | minuāris minuāre | minuerēris minuerēre |
| 3rd sg. | minuātur | minuerētur |
| 1st pl. | minuāmur | minuerēmur |
| 2nd pl. | minuāminī | minuerēminī |
| 3rd pl. | minuantur | minuerentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | minue | minuere |
| pres. 2nd pl. | minuite | minuiminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | minuitō | minuitor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | minuitō | minuitor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | minuitōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | minuuntō | minuuntor |
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | minuere | minuī |
| perfect infinitive | minuisse | minūtum esse |
| future infinitive | minūtūrum esse | minūtum īrī |
| present participle | minuēns | — |
| perfect participle | — | minūtus minūta, minūtā, minūtae, minūtam, minūtārum, minūtās, minūte, minūtī, minūtīs, minūtō, minūtōrum, minūtōs |
| future participle | minūtūrus minūtūra, minūtūrā, minūtūrae, minūtūram, minūtūrārum, minūtūrās, minūtūre, minūtūrī, minūtūrīs, minūtūrō, minūtūrōrum, minūtūrōs, minūtūrum | minuendus minuenda, minuendā, minuendae, minuendam, minuendārum, minuendās, minuende, minuendīs, minuendōrum, minuendōs |
gerundminuendī, minuendō, minuendumsupineminūtum, minūtū
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- sumptum minuere
- to retrench.
- aestu rursus minuente
- when the tide begins to go down.
- spem alicui or alicuius minuere
- to weaken, diminish a person's hope.
mĭnŭo, ŭi, ūtum, 3, v. a. and n. Sanscr. mi, lessen, change; Gr. μινύω, μινύθω; cf.: μείων = minor; Germ. minder, vermindern.
I. Act., to make smaller, to lessen, diminish; lit. and trop.
A. Lit. (rare and mostly poet.):
ramaliaque arida tecto Detulit, et minuit, broke in pieces, Ov. M. 8, 645: ligna, to chop into small pieces, id. F. 2, 647: portarum objectus, to dash in pieces, Stat. Th. 10, 526: dentes in limine, id. ib. 10, 47: sanguinem, to let blood, Veg. Vet. 1, 16, 2; in the same signif., simply minuere, id. ib. 1, 22, 1.—B. Trop., to lessen, diminish, lower, reduce, weaken, abate, restrict (very freq. and class.):
imperium matris, Plaut. As. 3, 1, 6: sumptus civitatum, Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 2: (rem familiarem), Hor. S. 2, 3, 177: gradum, Quint. 2, 3, 7: gloriam alicujus, Cic. Fl. 12, 28: molestias vitae, id. Fin. 1, 16, 51: cupiditates, id. ib.: invidiam, id. Agr. 1, 5, 14: opem, Caes. B. G. 5, 33: auctoritatem, id. B. C. 3, 43: minuuntur corporis artus, grow less, diminish in size, Ov. M. 7, 317: minuuntur corpora siccis, Plin. 11, 54, 118, § 283: consul alter proelio uno et vulnere suo minutus, discouraged, Liv. 21, 52, 2 (al. deminutus): suspicionem profectionis, Cic. Att. 10, 16, 4: controversias, to settle, put an end to, Caes. B. G. 5, 26: minuenda est haec opinio, to be refuted, Cic. Off. 1, 22, 72: magistratum, censuram, to restrict the power of, to limit, Liv. 4, 24: majestatem populi Romani per vim, to violate, offend against, Cic. Phil. 1, 9, 21: matris imperium, Plaut. As. 3, 1, 6: religionem, Nep. Ages. 4, 8: nec tu ea causa minueris Haec quae facis, ne is mutet suam sententiam, Ter. And. 2, 3, 19: consilium, to alter, change, id. Hec. 4, 3, 10: condemnationem, to commute, Gai. Inst. 3, 224; 4, 57.—II. Neutr., to diminish, grow less:
minuente aestu, at the ebbing of the tide, Caes. B. G. 3, 12, 1: minuente lunā, waning, Pall. 3, 24; Sedul. 1, 243; cf.: crescentis minuentisque sideris species, Plin. 37, 10, 67, § 181.—Hence, mĭnūtus, a, um, P. a. (diminished; hence), little, small, minute (class.). A. Lit.: pueri minuti (opp. majores), Varr. ap. Non. 141, 18: id omnes magni minutique, Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 45.—Of things:
litterae, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 68: minuta ac brevia folia, Plin. 12, 24, 53, § 111: ossa, Lucr. 1, 835: opuscula, Cic. Ac. 2, 38, 120: itinera, Suet. Aug. 82: aere minuto qualiacumque somnia vendere, Juv. 6, 546: facies minutae, miniature portraits, id. 14, 291.—Comp.: minutior ac mage pollens, Lucr. 4, 318.—Sup.: minutissimis ictibus excarnificatus, Suet. Vit. 17: res, little things, trifles, Cic. Clu. 64, 180: res minutissimae et contemptibiles, Aug. Conf. 10, 35, 4: aves, Col. 8, 5, 10.— B. Trop., petty, paltry, insignificant.
1. Of persons:
alii minuti et angusti, Cic. Fin. 1, 18, 61: philosophi, id. Div. 1, 30, 62: imperatores, id. Brut. 73, 256: plebes, Phaedr. 4, 6, 13.—2. Of things: canto carmina versibus minutis, Poët. ap. Plin. Ep. 4, 27, 4:
genus orationis, Cic. de Or. 2, 38, 159: minuti est animi voluptas ultio, Juv. 13, 189.— Hence, subst.: mĭnūtum, i, n., the smallest piece of money, a mite, farthing: novissimum reddere, Vulg. Luc. 12, 59; cf.: aes minutum, id. ib. 21, 2.—Plur. (a). The little (opp. longa), Calp. Ecl. 5, 7.—
(b). Minutes, points, very small parts, Amm. 20, 3, 2; Gram. Vet. p. 374, 11.—
(g). Comp.:
illa minutiora, those less important matters, Aur. Vict. Epit. 48, 18.—Hence, adv., in two forms. 1. mĭnūtē, into small or fine pieces, finely, minutely (class.).
A. Lit.:
sal minute tritus, Col. 6, 17, 7: minutissime commolere, id. 12, 28, 1: historia minutissime scripta, in an extremely small hand, Sen. Ep. 95, 2.—B. Trop.
(a). In a petty or paltry manner:
res minutius tractare, Cic. Fin. 4, 3, 7.—(b). Minutely, closely, accurately:
minutius et scrupulosius scrutantur omnia, Quint. 5, 14, 28.—2. mĭnūtim, into small pieces, finely, minutely (ante-class. and post-Aug.):
concidere, Cato, R. R. 123: scoria minutim fracta, Plin. 34, 18, 51, § 171; Gell. 17, 8, 2.—B. With short steps, trippingly:
equus ambulans, Veg. Vet. 1, 56, 39: deambulare, id. ib. 2, 53, 3.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
minuō uī, ūtus, ere
3 MAN-, to make small, lessen, diminish, divide into small pieces : Mullum in singula pulmenta, H.: ligna, chop into small pieces , O.: minuendo corpus alebat, by feeding on it , O.— To diminish, ebb : minuente aestu, at ebbtide , Cs.—Fig., to lessen, diminish, lower, reduce, weaken, abate, restrict . Ut aliqua pars laboris minuatur mihi, T.: meum consilium, change , T.: neque cupido Iugurthae minuebatur, S.: (rem familiarem), H.: gloriam Pompei: auctoritatem, Cs.: minuunt ea corporis artūs, grow less, diminish in size , O.: proelio uno et volnere suo minutus, discouraged , L.: controversias, settle , Cs.: minuenda est haec opinio, to be refuted : magistratum, restrict , L.: censuram, limit , L.: maiestatem populi R. per vim, offend against : religionem, N.: ne quid de dignitate generum minuatur.
Origins
From Proto-Italic *minuō, from *mi-néw-ti, from Proto-Indo-European *mey- (“small, little”). Cognate with Sanskrit मीनाति (minā́ti, “to lessen, diminish, damage”) (also मिनोति (minóti)), Ancient Greek μινύθω (minúthō, “to lessen; to disappear”), Cornish minow (“to reduce”), Gothic 𐌼𐌹𐌽𐍃 (mins, “less”), Old Church Slavonic мьнйии (mĭnjii, “smaller, lesser, younger”), Tocharian B maiwe (“small, young”). Related to minor.
Descendants
- Italianmennofrom Vulgar Latin *minuus
- Frenchminuer
- Italianminuire
- Portugueseminuir
- Spanishminuir
- Interlinguaminuer