merus
Meaning
- adjectivesheer, undiluted, pure (especially of wine)
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
pūrus, nōn mixtusChoosing the right word Döderlein's Latin Synonyms
Purus · Mundus · Merus · Putus · Meracus
1. Purus (ψωρός) denotes purity, as a synonyme of integer, and in opp. to contaminatus, like καθαρός, Suet. Vesp. 9; whereas mundus, as a synonyme of nitidus, and in opp. to spurcus or sordidus, like κομψός; Senec. Ep. 70. Sall. Jug. 85. Hor. Sat. ii. 1, 65; lastly, merus (from μείρω) as a synonyme of simplex, and in opp. to mixtus, like ἀκήρατος, ἀκέραιος. Colum. iii. 21. 2. Purus is the general and popular, putus, or usually purus putus, purus ac putus, the technical expression for the purity of gold and silver, that are solid and without alloy. 3. Merus denotes anything unmixed, indifferently, or with praise, as a mixture may be an adulteration; whereas meracus refers especially to unmixed wine, and, figuratively, it is transferred to other objects, and means unmixed in a bad sense, as that which is without its proper ingredients, like the old German word, eitel, thin and poor in quality, in opp. to temperatus. Cic. Rep. i. 43. (iii. 204.)
Declension
| form | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | merus | mera | merum |
| genitive | merī | merae | merī |
| dative | merō | merae | merō |
| accusative | merum | meram | merum |
| ablative | merō | merā | merō |
| vocative | mere | mera | merum |
| form | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | merī | merae | mera |
| genitive | merōrum | merārum | merōrum |
| dative | merīs | merīs | merīs |
| accusative | merōs | merās | mera |
| ablative | merīs | merīs | merīs |
| vocative | merī | merae | mera |
vina, Ov. M. 15, 331.—Of other things: argentum merum, Plaut. As. 1, 3, 3: undae, Ov. M. 15, 323: lac, id. F. 4, 369: gustus, Col. 3, 21: claror, clear, unclouded, Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 111: mero meridie, Petr. 37.—Hence, ingurgitare se in merum, Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 35; Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 11; id. C. 1, 36, 13: objecturus Antonio Cicero merum et vomitum, Quint. 8, 4, 16: meri veteris torrens, Juv. 6, 319; 3, 283; Val. Fl. 5, 595: ad merum pronior, Plin. 14, 22, 28, § 145; 23, 1, 23, § 43.—meri bellatores gignuntur, Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 85: in medio (foro) ostentatores meri (ambulant), id. Curc. 4, 1, 15: Diogenem postea pallium solum habuisse, et habere Ulixem meram tunicam, nothing but, only, Varr. ap. Non. 344, 10: nihil, nisi spem meram, Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 95: mera monstra nuntiare, Cic. Att. 4, 7, 1: proscriptiones, meri Sullae, id. ib. 9, 11, 3: scelera loquuntur, id. ib. 9, 13, 1: bellum, id. ib. 9, 13, 8: nugae, id. ib. 6, 3, 5: adfectus, Quint. 11, 1, 52.—meri principes, Cic. de Or. 2, 22, 94: velut ex diutinā siti nimis avide meram haurientes libertatem, immoderate, excessive, Liv. 39, 26; cf. Cic. Rep. 1, 43, 66; but mera libertas, in Horace, signifies true, genuine freedom, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 8: Achaia, illa vera et mera Graecia, Plin. Ep. 8, 24, 2: Cecropis, a real Athenian, Juv. 6, 187.—Hence, adv.: mĕrē, purely, without mixture, wholly, entirely (ante-class. and post-Aug.): si semel amoris poculum accepit mere, Plaut. Truc. 1, 1, 22.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
Origins
Traditionally derived from a Proto-Indo-European *mer- (“to sparkle, glimmer, gleam”), and compared with Ancient Greek μαρμαίρω (marmaírō, “to flash, sparkle”), Sanskrit मरीचि (marīci, “beam, ray”), Old Irish emer, and Proto-Germanic *mērijaz (“famous”). However, De Vaan expresses skepticism at the semantic shift from "shine" → "pure", and prefers Puhvel's derivation from Proto-Indo-European *merH-o-s, from a Proto-Indo-European *merH- (“to remain, be distilled and pure”), whence Hittite [script needed] (marri, “just so, gratuitously”). Old English āmerian (“to purify”) is a borrowing from the Latin, according to Kroonen.
- Catalanmer
- Romanianmier
- Englishmerefrom Old French mier
- Italianmero
- Portuguesemero
- Spanishmero
- Asturianmeru