verbfirst conjugation
mandūcō1
mandūcō (present infinitive mandūcāre, perfect active mandūcāvī, supine mandūcātum)
Classical[manˈduː.koː]Ecclesiastical[manˈduː.ko]
Meaning
- Classical Latindeponentto chew, gnaw on, masticate
[…] facile mandūcārī quī potest.
[…] whoever can chew on it easily.c. 100 BCE, Afranius, Fratriae (fragment XVII) in Scaenicae Romanorum Poesis Fragmenta (volume II), Otto Ribbeck (editor), Bibliotheca Teubneriana, Leipzig 1852, page 159Dictum mandier ā mandendō, unde mandūcārī […] Here mandier comes from mandō, whence also comes mandūcārī […]
c. 45 BCE, Varro, De lingua Latina 7.95 - Late Latincolloquialto eat
Verba ipsīus ex epistulīs sunt: […]Nē Iūdaeus quidem, mī Tiberī, tam dīligenter sabbatīs ieiunium servat quam ego hodiē servāvī, quī in balineō dēmum post hōram prīmam noctis duās buccās mandūcāvī prius quam unguī inciperem.
His [Augustus’s] own words from his letters are: […] Not even a Jew, my dear Tiberius, does the Saturday fasting as I did today, now that, at the baths, I finally ate a couple snacks at the first hour of the night, before starting with the cleaning oil.121 CE, Suetonius, De vita Caesarum 2 76.period2Nam mūtae bēstiae labōriōsissimae bovēs et ovēs: bovēs, quōrum beneficiō pānem mandūcāmus; ovēs, quod lānā illae nōs glōriōsōs faciunt.
Oxen and sheep are quiet beasts that work exceedingly well: we eat bread as a benefit from oxen, and sheep make us look glorious with their wool.c. 27 CE – 66 CE, Petronius, Satyricon 56.4
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
edō, cibum sūmōmandūcō -āre — in Evangelium secundum Matthaeum, ch. 9, 12
Conjugation conjugation 1
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | mandūcō | mandūcābam | mandūcābō | mandūcāvī | mandūcāveram | mandūcāverō mandūcārō |
| 2nd sg. | mandūcās | mandūcābās | mandūcābis | mandūcāvistī mandūcāstī | mandūcāverās mandūcārās | mandūcāveris |
| 3rd sg. | mandūcat | mandūcābat | mandūcābit | mandūcāvit | mandūcāverat mandūcārat | mandūcāverit mandūcārit |
| 1st pl. | mandūcāmus | mandūcābāmus | mandūcābimus | mandūcāvimus | mandūcāverāmus | mandūcāverimus mandūcārimus |
| 2nd pl. | mandūcātis | mandūcābātis | mandūcābitis | mandūcāvistis mandūcāstis | mandūcāverātis mandūcārātis | mandūcāveritis mandūcāritis |
| 3rd pl. | mandūcant | mandūcābant | mandūcābunt | mandūcāvērunt mandūcāvēre, mandūcārunt | mandūcāverant mandūcārant | mandūcāverint mandūcārint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | mandūcem | mandūcārem | mandūcāverim mandūcārim | mandūcāvissem mandūcāssem |
| 2nd sg. | mandūcēs | mandūcārēs | mandūcāverīs | mandūcāvissēs mandūcāssēs |
| 3rd sg. | mandūcet | mandūcāret | mandūcāverit mandūcārit | mandūcāvisset mandūcāsset |
| 1st pl. | mandūcēmus | mandūcārēmus | mandūcāverīmus mandūcārīmus | mandūcāvissēmus mandūcāssēmus |
| 2nd pl. | mandūcētis | mandūcārētis | mandūcāverītis mandūcārītis | mandūcāvissētis mandūcāssētis |
| 3rd pl. | mandūcent | mandūcārent | mandūcāverint mandūcārint | mandūcāvissent mandūcāssent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | mandūcor | mandūcābar | mandūcābor |
| 2nd sg. | mandūcāris mandūcāre | mandūcābāris mandūcābāre | mandūcāberis mandūcābere |
| 3rd sg. | mandūcātur | mandūcābātur | mandūcābitur |
| 1st pl. | mandūcāmur | mandūcābāmur | mandūcābimur |
| 2nd pl. | mandūcāminī | mandūcābāminī | mandūcābiminī |
| 3rd pl. | mandūcantur | mandūcābantur | mandūcābuntur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | mandūcer | mandūcārer |
| 2nd sg. | mandūcēris mandūcēre | mandūcārēris mandūcārēre |
| 3rd sg. | mandūcētur | mandūcārētur |
| 1st pl. | mandūcēmur | mandūcārēmur |
| 2nd pl. | mandūcēminī | mandūcārēminī |
| 3rd pl. | mandūcentur | mandūcārentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | mandūcā | mandūcāre |
| pres. 2nd pl. | mandūcāte | mandūcāminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | mandūcātō | mandūcātor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | mandūcātō | mandūcātor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | mandūcātōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | mandūcantō | mandūcantor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | mandūcāre | mandūcārī |
| perfect infinitive | mandūcāvisse mandūcāsse | mandūcātum esse |
| future infinitive | mandūcātūrum esse | mandūcātum īrī |
| present participle | mandūcāns | — |
| perfect participle | — | mandūcātus mandūcāta, mandūcātā, mandūcātae, mandūcātam, mandūcātārum, mandūcātās, mandūcātī, mandūcātōrum, mandūcātōs |
| future participle | mandūcātūrus mandūcātūra, mandūcātūrā, mandūcātūrae, mandūcātūram, mandūcātūrārum, mandūcātūrās, mandūcātūre, mandūcātūrī, mandūcātūrīs, mandūcātūrō, mandūcātūrōrum, mandūcātūrōs, mandūcātūrum | mandūcandus |
gerundmandūcandī, mandūcandō, mandūcandumsupinemandūcātum, mandūcātū
mandūco, āvi, ātum (in the
I. dep. form, mandūcor, ari, Lucil., Afran., and Pompon. ap. Non. 477, 8 sq. (Pomp. Com. Rel. v. 100 Rib.; Afran. ib. v. 184); cf. Prisc. 799 P.), 1, v. a. a lengthened form of 2 mando.
I. Lit., to chew, masticate; to eat by chewing (ante-class. and post-Aug.):
manducato candido pane, Varr. R. R. 3, 7, 9; Sen. Ep. 95, 27.—II. Transf., to eat, devour: bucceas, Aug. ap. Suet. Aug. 76: crudum manduces Priamum Priamique pisinnos, Labeo in Schol. Pers. 1, 4.
Origins
From mandūcus (“glutton”) + -ō (verb-forming suffix), from mandō (“chew, eat, devour”). The noun mandūcus developed the specialized sense "masked figure with champing jaws".
Italo-Romance
- Italianmanducare
- Italianmanucare
- Italianmanicare
- Central Italianmagnà
- Corsicanmanghjà
- Neapolitanmagnà
- Sicilianmanciari
Borrowings
- Englishmanducate
- Portuguesemanducar
- Spanishmanducar
- Interlinguamanducar
- TranslingualManduca
Occitano-Romance
- Occitanmanjarfrom Old Occitan menjar
- Catalanmenjar
- Gasconminjar
- Gasconminhar
- Aragoneseminchar
Insular Romance
- Sardinianmandicare
- Sardinianmandigare
Balkan Romance
- Romanianmânca
- Aromanianmãc
- Aromanianmãcari
- Istro-Romanianmăncå
- Megleno-Romanianmănǫnc
- Megleno-Romanianmǫnc
- Megleno-Romanianmăncare
Vulgar Latin
- Frenchdémangerfrom unknown *dismandūcō
- Piedmontesedzmangéfrom unknown *dismandūcō
- Emiliansmangiarfrom unknown *exmandūcō
- Liguriansmangiâfrom unknown *exmandūcō
- Lombardsmangiarfrom unknown *exmandūcō
- Piedmontesesmangiéfrom unknown *exmandūcō
North Italian
- Emilianmagnèr
- Emilianmangiar
- Emilianmanger
- Emilianmagnar
- Emilianmagner
- Ligurianmangiâ
- Lombardmangiar
- Lombardmaiar
- Lombardmagnar
- Piedmontesemangé
Gallo-Romance
- Franco-Provençalmengiér
- Old Frenchmangier
In English words that came into English from mandūcō
- mangemandūcō
- manducatemandūcātus
- manducationmandūcātiō
- mangariemandūcō