noun · neutersecond declension
mālum1
mālum n (genitive mālī)
Classical[ˈmaː.ɫũː]Ecclesiastical[ˈmaː.lum]
Mille Verba core vocabulary
Meaning
- apple (fruit)
- any tree fruit with a fleshy exterior, e.g. quinces, pears, peaches, etc.
- the plant Aristolochia
In the readers how our graded readers gloss it
an evil
malum — in Seneca, ch. II
Declension
| form | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | mālum | māla |
| genitive | mālī | mālōrum |
| dative | mālō | mālīs |
| accusative | mālum | māla |
| ablative | mālō | mālīs |
| vocative | mālum | māla |
mālum, i, n., = μῆλον (Doric μᾶ λον),
I. an apple, i. e. any tree-fruit fleshy on the outside, and having a kernel within (opp. nux); hence, applied also to quinces, pomegranates, peaches, oranges, lemons, etc.
I. In gen., Plin. 15, 14, 14, § 47; Col. 5, 10, 19; Verg. G. 2, 127 al.: malis orbiculatis pasci, Cael. ad Cic. Fam. 8, 15.—In a pun with mălum, a calamity, Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 89; 91 al.—Prov.: ab ovo usque ad mala, i. e. from beginning to end (from the Roman custom to begin meals with eggs and end with fruit), Hor. S. 1, 3, 7.—Trop.:
malum discordiae, an apple of discord, Just. 12, 15, 11.—II. Malum terrae, a plant (the Aristolochia), having four varieties, Plin. 25, 8, 54, § 95; Scrib. Comp. 202;
also called malum terrenum, Veg. Vet. 4, 13.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
malum ī, n
1 malus, an evil, mischief , misfortune, calamity : nescis quantis in malis vorser, T.: in tanta mala praecipitatus, S.: subitum, Cs.: dolor est malum: aurum, Summi materies mali, H.: ignari ante malorum, misfortune past , V.: quod nescire malum est, H.: nihil mali accidisse Scipioni puto: externum, i. e. bellum, N. — Punishment, hurt, harm, severity, injury : malo domandam tribuniciam potestatem, L.: malo exercitum coërcere, S.: Sine malo fateri, T.: vi, malo, plagis adductus est ut, etc., ill-usage : clementiam illi malo fuisse, unfortunate.—Wrong-doing : fama veterum malorum, V.—As a term of abuse, plague, mischief, torment : qui, malum, alii? T.: quae, malum, est ista tanta audacia?
mālum ī, n
, μῆλον, an apple: (uva) cum malis, H.: sapor Felicis mali, lemon, V.: cana tenerā lanugine mala, quinces, V.—Prov.: ab ovo usque ad mala, i. e. from beginning to end (because fruit was the last course at dinner), H.
malum adv.
, see 1 malus.
Origins
Perhaps borrowed from Doric Greek μᾶλον (mâlon, “apple”). Alternatively but less likely from Proto-Indo-European *méh₂lom. The Proto-Indo-European form regularly gives both mālum in Latin and μῆλον in Ancient Greek, but such reconstruction is dubious due to the fact that it is only found in some Indo-European languages. It is more likely that the Greek word was borrowed from a pre-Indo-European substratum and later borrowed into Latin. See μῆλον for more details.
Descendants
- Italianmela
- Italianmaliforme
- Romanianmăr
- Spanishmela
- Aromanianmer
- Aromanianmeru
- Friulianmêl
- Friulianmiluç
- Neapolitanmìlo
- Neapolitanméla
In English words that came into English from mālum
- peach*pessica
- malicmālum