LATIN DICTIONARYLexicon Latīnum
noun · neutersecond declension

iūmentum

iūmentum n (genitive iūmentī)
Classical[juːˈmɛn.tũː]Ecclesiastical[juˈmɛn.tum]

Meaning

  1. A draft animal, a beast of burden, a large domestic animal suitable for drawing carts and carriages: a cow, horse, mule, or donkey.
    1st century, L. Iunius Moderatus Columella, De Res Rustica, Book VI, Preface, Sect. 3And so it is that iumenta and armenta draw their names from the fact that they aid our work either by bringing up burdens or by plowing.
  2. synonym of iūmenta: such animals taken collectively.
  3. A vehicle drawn by such animals: a wagon, a carriage, a cart.
  4. Late Latinmare, female horse (Lex Salica)

Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers

Choosing the right word Döderlein's Latin Synonyms

Pecus · Jumentum · Armentum · Grex

1. Pecus, pecoris, is the most general expression for domestic beasts; jumenta and armenta denote the larger sort, bullocks, asses, horses; pecus, pecudis (from the Goth. faihu) the smaller sort, swine, goats, and especially sheep. 2. Jumenta denotes beasts used in drawing carriages, bullocks, asses, horses; armenta (ἀρόματα) beasts used in ploughing, oxen and horses, with the exclusion of cows, pack-asses, riding-horses, etc., which are neither fit for drawing carriages, nor for the plough. 3. As a singular and collective noun, armentum denotes a herd or drove of the larger cattle, like ἀγέλη; grex (from ἀγείρω) a herd or flock of the smaller animals, like ποίμνη, πῶϋ. Plin. Ep. ii. 16. Multi greges ovium, multa ibi equorum boumque armenta (iv. 298.)

Declension

declension
formsingularplural
nominativeiūmentumiūmenta
genitiveiūmentīiūmentōrum
dativeiūmentōiūmentīs
accusativeiūmentumiūmenta
ablativeiūmentōiūmentīs
vocativeiūmentumiūmenta

jūmentum, i, n. contr. from jugimentum, from jungo:
I. jumenta ducunt, Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 27; a beast used for drawing or carrying, draught-cattle, a beast of bur- den, esp. a horse, mule, or ass (class.): cum illam curru vehi jus esset, morarenturque jumenta, Cic. Tusc. 1, 47, 113; Caes. B. C. 1, 60: jumento nihil opus est, i. e. equo, Cic. Att. 12, 32: sarcinaria, beasts of burden, Caes. B. C. 1, 81: non jumenta solum, sed elephanti etiam, Liv. 21, 37: vectus jumentis junctis, Nep. Tim. 4: servi ut taceant, jumenta loquentur, Juv. 9, 103.—Freq. opp. boves: jumenta bovesque, Col. 6, 19; cf. Amm. 16, 12, 22; 35: jumentis legatis boves non continentur, Paul. Sent. 3, 6, 74.— Sing. collect.: vultur, jumento et canibus relictis, etc., Juv. 14, 77.—
II. A carriage, vehicle, XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 20, 1, 28.

Origins

Perhaps from Proto-Italic *jouksməntom, a remodeling of earlier Proto-Indo-European *yéwgmn̥ (“yoking”), from *yewg- (“to yoke”).

Borrowings
  • Catalanjument
  • Catalanjumenta
  • Portuguesejumento
  • Portuguesejumenta
  • Spanishjumento
  • Asturianxumentu
Gallo-Romance
  • Frenchjumentfrom Old French jument
  • Catalanjumentfrom Old French jument
  • Englishjumentfrom Old French jument
  • Franco-Provençaljumentfrom Old French jument
  • Normanjeunmentfrom Old French jument
Italo-Romance
  • Italiangiumento
  • Romanshgiumaintfrom Italian giumento
  • Siciliangiumentufrom Italian giumento
  • Neapolitanjummiento
  • Neapolitanjummenta
  • Sicilianjumentu
  • Sicilianjumenta

In English words that came into English from iūmentum

  • jumentiūmentum

Quick answers

What does iūmentum mean in Latin?
iūmentum, a noun, means “A draft animal, a beast of burden, a large domestic animal suitable for drawing carts and carriages: a cow, horse, mule, or donkey.; synonym of iūmenta: such animals taken collectively.; A vehicle drawn by such animals: ”.
What is the genitive of iūmentum?
The genitive singular is iūmentī. iūmentum is neuter, second declension.
How do you pronounce iūmentum?
In classical Latin, [juːˈmɛn.tũː]; in ecclesiastical (church) Latin, [juˈmɛn.tum].