iugulō
Meaning
- to slay, kill, slit the throat of
Horace, Epistulae, Book I, Epistle II
Brigands rise at night, that they may cut the throats of men.
Choosing the right word Döderlein's Latin Synonyms
Interficere · Perimere · Interimere · Necare · Occidere · Jugulare · Obtruncare · Trucidare · Percutere
Interficere and perimere are the most general expressions for putting to death, in whatever manner, and from whatever motive, fame, veneno, suspendio, ferro, suppliciis, dolo, like κτείνειν; but interficere as a usual, perimere as an old, forcible, poetical expression. Interimere involves the accessory notion of privacy, as to remove out of the way; ἀναιρεῖν; necare, that of injustice, or, at least, cruelty, to murder, φονεύειν. Cic. Tusc. v. 20. Dionysius alterum jussit interfici, quia viam demonstravisset interimendi sui. Curt. ix. 7, 8. Boxum protinus placuit interfici; Biconem etiam per cruciatus necari. 2. Occidere, jugulare, trucidare, obtruncare, percutere, denote a sanguinary death-blow; occidere means by cutting down, especially the business of the soldier in honorable open battle; jugulare, by cutting the throat or neck, or rather by a skilfully-directed thrust into the collar-bone, especially the business of the bandit, after the pattern of the gladiator, like σφᾶξαι; obtruncare means to butcher, massacre, and cut to pieces, after the manner of the awkward murderer; trucidare, to slaughter as one would a steer, after the manner of the blood-thirsty miscreant, who, without meeting with resistance, plays the hero on the defenceless; percutere, to execute, as a mere mechanical act, after the manner of the headsman, or other executioner of a sentence of condemnation, or, at least, of a death-warrant. Senec. Contr. iii. 21. Nec dominum occidit, nec domino venenum dedit. Hor. Ep. i. 2. Ut jugulent hominem, surgunt de nocte latrones. Sallust. Fr. Cæteri vice pecorum obtruncantur; so that you may see a mangled mass of limbs, as in the heap of slain in a battle. Tac. Hist. . . . Juberet interfici; offerre se corpora iræ; trucidaret. Cic. Cat. iv. 6. and Rosc. Am. 34. Cujus consilio occisus sit invenio; cujus manu percussus sit non invenio. (iii. 181.)
Conjugation conjugation 1
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | iugulō | iugulābam | iugulābō | iugulāvī | iugulāveram | iugulāverō iugulārō |
| 2nd sg. | iugulās | iugulābās | iugulābis | iugulāvistī iugulāstī | iugulāverās iugulārās | iugulāveris |
| 3rd sg. | iugulat | iugulābat | iugulābit | iugulāvit | iugulāverat iugulārat | iugulāverit iugulārit |
| 1st pl. | iugulāmus | iugulābāmus | iugulābimus | iugulāvimus | iugulāverāmus | iugulāverimus iugulārimus |
| 2nd pl. | iugulātis | iugulābātis | iugulābitis | iugulāvistis iugulāstis | iugulāverātis iugulārātis | iugulāveritis iugulāritis |
| 3rd pl. | iugulant | iugulābant | iugulābunt | iugulāvērunt iugulāvēre, iugulārunt | iugulāverant iugulārant | iugulāverint iugulārint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | iugulem | iugulārem | iugulāverim iugulārim | iugulāvissem iugulāssem |
| 2nd sg. | iugulēs | iugulārēs | iugulāverīs | iugulāvissēs iugulāssēs |
| 3rd sg. | iugulet | iugulāret | iugulāverit iugulārit | iugulāvisset iugulāsset |
| 1st pl. | iugulēmus | iugulārēmus | iugulāverīmus iugulārīmus | iugulāvissēmus iugulāssēmus |
| 2nd pl. | iugulētis | iugulārētis | iugulāverītis iugulārītis | iugulāvissētis iugulāssētis |
| 3rd pl. | iugulent | iugulārent | iugulāverint iugulārint | iugulāvissent iugulāssent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | iugulor | iugulābar | iugulābor |
| 2nd sg. | iugulāris iugulāre | iugulābāris iugulābāre | iugulāberis iugulābere |
| 3rd sg. | iugulātur | iugulābātur | iugulābitur |
| 1st pl. | iugulāmur | iugulābāmur | iugulābimur |
| 2nd pl. | iugulāminī | iugulābāminī | iugulābiminī |
| 3rd pl. | iugulantur | iugulābantur | iugulābuntur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | iuguler | iugulārer |
| 2nd sg. | iugulēris iugulēre | iugulārēris iugulārēre |
| 3rd sg. | iugulētur | iugulārētur |
| 1st pl. | iugulēmur | iugulārēmur |
| 2nd pl. | iugulēminī | iugulārēminī |
| 3rd pl. | iugulentur | iugulārentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | iugulā | iugulāre |
| pres. 2nd pl. | iugulāte | iugulāminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | iugulātō | iugulātor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | iugulātō | iugulātor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | iugulātōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | iugulantō | iugulantor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | iugulāre | iugulārī |
| perfect infinitive | iugulāvisse iugulāsse | iugulātum esse |
| future infinitive | iugulātūrum esse | iugulātum īrī |
| present participle | iugulāns iugulante, iugulantem, iugulantēs, iugulantī, iugulantia, iugulantibus, iugulantis, iugulantīs, iugulantium | — |
| perfect participle | — | iugulātus iugulāta, iugulātā, iugulātae, iugulātam, iugulātārum, iugulātās, iugulātī, iugulātōrum, iugulātōs |
| future participle | iugulātūrus iugulātūra, iugulātūrā, jugulātūra, jugulātūrā, iugulātūrae, jugulātūrae, iugulātūram, jugulātūram, iugulātūrārum, jugulātūrārum, iugulātūrās, jugulātūrās, iugulātūre, jugulātūre, iugulātūrī, jugulātūrī, iugulātūrīs, jugulātūrīs, iugulātūrō, jugulātūrō, iugulātūrōrum, jugulātūrōrum, iugulātūrōs, jugulātūrōs, iugulātūrum, jugulātūrum | iugulandus iugulanda, iugulandā, jugulanda, jugulandā, iugulandae, jugulandae, iugulandam, jugulandam, iugulandārum, jugulandārum, iugulandās, jugulandās, iugulande, jugulande, iugulandīs, jugulandīs, iugulandōrum, jugulandōrum, iugulandōs, jugulandōs |
cum jugulatur sus, Cic. Tusc. 5, 40, 116: cives optimos jugulari jussit, id. Phil. 3, 2, 4: se alicui tradere jugulandum, id. Mil. 11, 31: hominem crudeliter, Cels. 1 praef. § 70: qui unum hominem jugulat, Lact. 1, 18, 10.—Com. of hunger: ita mi auctores fuere, ut egomet me hodie jugularem fame, Plaut. Stich. 4, 2, 3.—Also of diseases: quartana neminem jugulat, Cels. 3, 15: id genus acutum est, et celeriter jugulat, id. 3, 20, 3.—In a pun: cur non Hunc Regem jugulas? Hor. S. 1, 7, 35.—Pregn.: tum rite sacratas in flammam jugulant pecudes, slaughter and throw, Verg. A. 12, 214. —aliquem factis decretisque, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 26, § 64: jugulari sua confessione, id. ib. 2, 5, 64, § 166: jugulari suo gladio, suoque telo, to be beaten with one's own weapons, foiled with one's own devices, Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 35: gladio plumbeo, i. e. to overcome without difficulty, Cic. Att. 1, 16, 2: Falernum, to adulterate, spoil, Mart. 1, 19, 5: curas, to drive away, banish, id. 8, 51, 26.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
Origins
- Proto-Indo-European*yewg-
- Proto-Indo-European*yugóm
- Proto-Italic*jugom
- Latiniugulō
Proto-Indo-European *-lós Proto-Indo-European *-elós Proto-Italic *-elos Latin -ulum Latin iugulum Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti Proto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu. Proto-Italic *-ājō Proto-Italic *-āō Latin -ō Latin iugulō From iugulum + -ō.
- Englishjugulate
- Frenchjuguler
- Italiangiugulare
- Italianiugulare
- Spanishyugular
- Romanianjunghia
- Romanianînjunghia
- Romanianjunghi
- Aromaniangiunglju
- Aromaniangiungljari
- Megleno-Romanianjungľu
- Italiangiogolare