verbfirst conjugation, deponent
hortor
hortor (present infinitive hortārī or hortārier, perfect active hortātus sum)
Classical[ˈhɔr.tɔr]Ecclesiastical[ˈɔr.tor]
№ 887 of the 1,000 commonest wordsMille Verba core vocabulary
Meaning
- deponentto encourage, exhort, urge
[…] ultro / hortantem et fessas ad pabula nota vocantem
[…] freely / calling them and exhorting the weary insects to eat their familiar food.c. 37 BCE – 30 BCE, Vergilius, Georgicon 4.266
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
verbīs animum dō: age! fac!hortor -ārī — in Mille Verba, Animus et Adfectūs
Choosing the right word Döderlein's Latin Synonyms
Hortari · Monere
The hortatio (ὄρθωσις, ἐρέθω), addresses itself immediately to the will and resolution; whereas the monitio, almost entirely to the consciousness and judgment. The hortatio has always an action for its object; the monitio, only a representation, and by the medium of that representation, an action for its object. Sall. Jug. 60. Monere alii, alii hortari. Cat. 60. Nequidquam hortere . . . Sed ego vos quo pauca monerem, convocavi. Sen. Ep. 13. Nimium diu te cohortor, cum tibi admonitione magis quam exhortatione opus sit. Cic. Fam. x. 40. Si aut aliter sentirem, certe admonitio tua me reprimere, aut si dubitarem, hortatio impellere posset. (i. 164.)
Conjugation conjugation 1 deponent
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | hortor | hortābar | hortābor | — | — | — |
| 2nd sg. | hortāris hortāre | hortābāris hortābāre | hortāberis hortābere | — | — | — |
| 3rd sg. | hortātur | hortābātur | hortābitur | — | — | — |
| 1st pl. | hortāmur | hortābāmur | hortābimur | — | — | — |
| 2nd pl. | hortāminī | hortābāminī | hortābiminī | — | — | — |
| 3rd pl. | hortantur | hortābantur | hortābuntur | — | — | — |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | horter | hortārer | — | — |
| 2nd sg. | hortēris hortēre | hortārēris hortārēre | — | — |
| 3rd sg. | hortētur | hortārētur | — | — |
| 1st pl. | hortēmur | hortārēmur | — | — |
| 2nd pl. | hortēminī | hortārēminī | — | — |
| 3rd pl. | hortentur | hortārentur | — | — |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | hortāre | — |
| pres. 2nd pl. | hortāminī | — |
| fut. 2nd sg. | hortātor | — |
| fut. 3rd sg. | hortātor | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | hortantor | — |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | hortārī hortārier | — |
| perfect infinitive | hortātum esse | — |
| future infinitive | hortātūrum esse | — |
| present participle | hortāns | — |
| perfect participle | hortātus hortāta, hortātā, hortātae, hortātam, hortātārum, hortātās, hortāte, hortātī, hortātīs, hortātō, hortātōrum, hortātōs | — |
| future participle | hortātūrus hortātūra, hortātūrā, hortātūrae, hortātūram, hortātūrārum, hortātūrās, hortātūre, hortātūrī, hortātūrīs, hortātūrō, hortātūrōrum, hortātūrōs, hortātūrum | hortandus hortanda, hortandā, hortandae, hortandam, hortandārum, hortandās, hortande, hortandīs, hortandōrum, hortandōs |
gerundhortandī, hortandō, hortandumsupinehortātum, hortātū
hortor, ātus, 1 (archaic
I. inf. pres. hortarier, Plaut. Merc. 4, 2, 5), v. dep. for horitor, v. horior, to urge one strongly to do a thing, to incite, instigate, encourage, cheer, exhort (freq. and class.; cf.: moneo, admoneo, suadeo).
I. In gen., constr. aliquem, aliquem ad or in aliquid, ut, ne, with the simple subj., de aliqua re, aliquid, with the inf. or absol.
(a). With acc. pers.:
coquos, Plaut. Merc. 4, 2, 5 sq.: hacc, quae supra scripta sunt, eo spectant, ut te horter et suadeam, Cic. Fam. 13, 4, 3: neque nos hortari neque dehortari decet Hominem peregrinum, Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 61: timentem, Ov. M. 10, 466: celeres canes, id. H. 4, 41; cf.: terribiles hortatus equos, spurring on, id. M. 5, 421: vitulos, Verg. G. 3, 164: pedes, to drive on, Plaut. Stich. 2, 1, 7: senex in culina clamat: hortatur cocos: Quin agitis hodie? Plaut. Cas. 4, 1, 6: hortari coepit eundem Verbis, quae timido quoque possent addere mentem, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 35.—(b). Ad or in aliquid:
ad laudem milites, Cic. Prov. Cons. 4, 9: ad concordiam, Quint. 6, 1, 50: ad curam rei publicae, id. 5, 11, 24: ad diligentiam, id. 9, 4, 133: ad quaerendum, id. 5, 12, 1: ad reliqua fortius exsequenda, id. 4, 5, 23: paribus Messapum in proelia dictis Hortatur, Verg. A. 11, 521: in amicitiam jungendam, Liv. 43, 19, 14.— (g). De aliqua re:
iisdem de rebus etiam atque etiam hortor, quibus superioribus litteris hortatus sum, Cic. Fam. 4, 9, 1: de Aufidiano nomine nihil te hortor, id. ib. 16, 19: aliquem de concilianda pace, Caes. B. C. 1, 26, 3.—(d). With ut, ne, or the simple subj.:
Pompeium et hortari et orare ... ut magnam infamiam fugiat, non desistemus, Cic. Fam. 1, 1, 2: petit atque hortatur, ut, etc., Caes. B. G. 1, 19 fin.: ipse equo circumiens unumquemque nominans appellat, hortatur, rogat, uti meminerint, etc., Sall. C. 59, 5: magno opere te hortor, ut, etc., Cic. Off. 1, 1, 3: ego vos hortari tantum possum, ut amicitiam omnibus rebus humanis anteponatis, id. Lael. 5, 17; 27, 104: juvenes ut illam ire viam pergant, Juv. 14, 121: te sedulo Et moneo et hortor, ne cujusquam misereat, Ter. Hec. 1, 1, 7; Plaut. Mil. 4, 4, 52: Ambiorix in Nervios pervenit hortaturque, ne sui in perpetuum liberandi occasionem dimittant, Caes. B. G. 5, 38, 2: hortatur eos, ne animo deficiant, id. B. C. 1, 19, 1.—With the simple subj.: Labienum Treboniumque hortatur ... ad eam diem revertantur, id. B. G. 6, 33 fin.; id. B. C. 1, 21, 4: quid ego vos, de vestro impendatis, hortor? Liv. 6, 15, 10: hortatur et monet, imitetur vicinum suum Octavium, Suet. Aug. 3 fin.—(ε) Aliquem aliquid or simply aliquid: sin tu (quod te jamdudum hortor) exieris, Cic. Cat. 1, 5, 12: trepidus hortabar fugam, Poët. ap. Charis. 1, 4 fin.: equidem pacem hortari non desino, Cic. Att. 7, 14 fin.; so, pacem amicitiamque, Nep. Dat. 8, 5: vias, Stat. S. 3, 5, 22: me miseram! cupio non persuadere quod hortor, Ov. H. 19, 187.—(ζ) With inf. or an object-clause (rare): cum legati hortarentur accipere, Nep. Phoc. 1, 3: (Daedalus) dedit oscula nato, Hortaturque sequi, Ov. M. 8, 215; Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 69: (Chariclem medicum) remanere ac recumbere hortatus est, Suet. Tib. 72 (cf. in the foll. b.).—(η) With supine: neque ego vos ultum injurias hortor, Sall. H. Fragm. 3, 61, 17 Dietsch.—(θ) Absol.: hortor, asto, admoneo, Plaut. Am. 3, 4, 10: Sigambri fuga comparata, hortantibus iis, quos, etc., Caes. B. G. 4, 18 fin.: hortante et jubente Vercingetorige, id. ib. 7, 26, 1; Nep. Att. 10, 4 al.— b. Of inanim. or abstract things:
pol benefacta tua me hortantur, tuo ut imperio paream, Plaut. Pers. 5, 2, 60: res, tempus, locus, simul otium hortabatur, ut, etc., Afran. ap. Non. 523, 14: multae res ad hoc consilium Gallos hortabantur, Caes. B. G. 3, 18, 6: secundum ea multae res eum hortabantur, quare sibi eam rem cogitandam et suscipiendam putaret, id. ib. 1, 33, 2.—With inf.: (rei publicae dignitas) me ad sese rapit, haec minora relinquere hortatur, Cic. Sest. 3, 7.—2. Prov.:
hortari currentem, i. e. to urge one who needs no urging, Cic. Fin. 5, 2, 6; id. Att. 13, 45, 2; v. curro. —II. In partic., in milit. lang., to exhort soldiers before a battle:
Sabinus suos hortatus cupientibus signum dat, Caes. B. G. 3, 19, 2: pauca pro tempore milites hortatus, Sall. J. 49, 6: suos hortando ad virtutem arrigere, id. ib. 23, 1; Ov. A. A. 1, 207.!*? a. Also in the act. form, horto, āre (Prisc. p. 797 P.), Enn. Ann. 554 Vahl.; perf. hortavi, Sen. Suas. 5, 8.—
b. hortor, āri, in pass. signif.: ab amicis hortaretur, Varr. ap. Prisc. p. 793 P.; cf. Gell. 15, 13, 1: hoste hortato, Auct. B. Hisp. 1 fin.
Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
hortor ātus, ārī, dep.
freq, to urge, press, incite, instigate, encourage, cheer, exhort : hortandi causā disserere, S.: hortante Vercingetorige, Cs.: milites, S.: equos, O.: alius alium hortari, S.: eundem Verbis, quae, etc., H.: ad laudem milites: paribus Messapum in proelia dictis, V.: in amicitiam iungendam, L.: de Aufidiano nomine nihil te: Libonem de conciliandā pace, Cs.: Pompeium ut fugiat: vos hortari tantum possum ut, etc.: (Nervios) ne occasionem dimittant, Cs.: alquos . . . ad eum diem revertantur, Cs.: sin tu (quod te iam dudum hortor) exieris: pacem amicitiamque, N.: cum legati hortarentur accipere (munera), N.: sequi, O.—Prov.: hortari currentem, to spur a willing horse.—Fig., to impel, induce, urge: dolor animi virum hortabatur: hortante libidine: (rei p. dignitas) me haec relinquere hortatur.
Origins
Frequentative of horior. See -tō.
Descendants
- Italianortare
In English words that came into English from hortor
- exhortexhortor
- hortativehortātīvus
- hortatoryhortor
- exhortationexhortātiōnem
- exhortativeexhortātīvus
- enhortinhortor
- dehortdehortārī
- hortationhortatio