verbfirst conjugation
horrificō
horrificō (present infinitive horrificāre, perfect active horrificāvī, supine horrificātum)
Classical[hɔrˈrɪ.fɪ.koː]Ecclesiastical[orˈriː.fi.ko]
Meaning
- to ruffle, make rough
Near-synonym: crispō
flātū placidum mare mātūtīnō ¶ horrificāns Zephyrus
The West Wind, ruffling the calm sea with a morning breezec. 84 BCE – 54 BCE, Catullus, Carmina 64.269–270 - to strike terror, terrify, horrify, affright, appal, make to shudder
[…]multaque prætereā vātum prædicta priōrum ¶ terribilī monitū horrificant.
[Dido experiences dire omens:] And moreover, many a foretelling of an old oracle horrified her with a terrible warning.29 BCE – 19 BCE, Vergilius, Aeneis 4.464–465 (the only appearance of this verb in Virgil’s poetry)
Conjugation conjugation 1
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | horrificō | horrificābam | horrificābō | horrificāvī | horrificāveram | horrificāverō |
| 2nd sg. | horrificās | horrificābās | horrificābis | horrificāvistī | horrificāverās | horrificāveris |
| 3rd sg. | horrificat | horrificābat | horrificābit | horrificāvit | horrificāverat | horrificāverit |
| 1st pl. | horrificāmus | horrificābāmus | horrificābimus | horrificāvimus | horrificāverāmus | horrificāverimus |
| 2nd pl. | horrificātis | horrificābātis | horrificābitis | horrificāvistis | horrificāverātis | horrificāveritis |
| 3rd pl. | horrificant | horrificābant | horrificābunt | horrificāvērunt horrificāvēre | horrificāverant | horrificāverint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | horrificem | horrificārem | horrificāverim | horrificāvissem |
| 2nd sg. | horrificēs | horrificārēs | horrificāverīs | horrificāvissēs |
| 3rd sg. | horrificet | horrificāret | horrificāverit | horrificāvisset |
| 1st pl. | horrificēmus | horrificārēmus | horrificāverīmus | horrificāvissēmus |
| 2nd pl. | horrificētis | horrificārētis | horrificāverītis | horrificāvissētis |
| 3rd pl. | horrificent | horrificārent | horrificāverint | horrificāvissent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | horrificor | horrificābar | horrificābor |
| 2nd sg. | horrificāris horrificāre | horrificābāris horrificābāre | horrificāberis horrificābere |
| 3rd sg. | horrificātur | horrificābātur | horrificābitur |
| 1st pl. | horrificāmur | horrificābāmur | horrificābimur |
| 2nd pl. | horrificāminī | horrificābāminī | horrificābiminī |
| 3rd pl. | horrificantur | horrificābantur | horrificābuntur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | horrificer | horrificārer |
| 2nd sg. | horrificēris horrificēre | horrificārēris horrificārēre |
| 3rd sg. | horrificētur | horrificārētur |
| 1st pl. | horrificēmur | horrificārēmur |
| 2nd pl. | horrificēminī | horrificārēminī |
| 3rd pl. | horrificentur | horrificārentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | horrificā | horrificāre |
| pres. 2nd pl. | horrificāte | horrificāminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | horrificātō | horrificātor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | horrificātō | horrificātor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | horrificātōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | horrificantō | horrificantor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | horrificāre | horrificārī |
| perfect infinitive | horrificāvisse | horrificātum esse |
| future infinitive | horrificātūrum esse | horrificātum īrī |
| present participle | horrificāns | — |
| perfect participle | — | horrificātus horrificāta, horrificātā, horrificātae, horrificātam, horrificātārum, horrificātās, horrificātī, horrificātōrum, horrificātōs |
| future participle | horrificātūrus horrificātūra, horrificātūrā, horrificātūrae, horrificātūram, horrificātūrārum, horrificātūrās, horrificātūre, horrificātūrī, horrificātūrīs, horrificātūrō, horrificātūrōrum, horrificātūrōs, horrificātūrum | horrificandus |
gerundhorrificandī, horrificandō, horrificandumsupinehorrificātum, horrificātū
horrĭfĭco, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. horrificus,
I. to make rough or terrible, to cause terror (poet. and in post-Aug. prose): flatu placidum mare matutino Horrificans Zephyrus, ruffling, = crispans, Cat. 64, 271:
ore ferarum Et rictu horrificant galeas, Sil. 3, 389: carcer, catenae, fuga, exsilium horrificaverant dignitatem, had made terrible, Flor. 3, 21, 10 Duk.: mentes, Claud. Bell. Get. 250.—Absol.: multaque praeterea vatum praedicta piorum Terribili monitu horrificant, cause horror, Verg. A. 4, 465.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
horrificō —, —, āre
horrificus, to ruffle, make rough : horrificans Zephyrus, Ct.— To strike terror, appal : Terribili monitu, V.
Origins
From horrificus (“awful, frightening”) + -ō, or from horreō + -ficō.
In English words that came into English from horrificō
- horrifyhorrificare