adjectivefirst/second-declension adjective
fessus
fessus (feminine fessa, neuter fessum, comparative fessior, superlative fessissimus)
Classical[ˈfɛs.sʊs]Ecclesiastical[ˈfɛs.sus]
№ 625 of the 1,000 commonest wordsMille Verba core vocabulary
Meaning
- adjectivetired, weary
O mater, ego tam fessa sum., Oh mother, I'm so tired.
[…] ultro / hortantem et fessas ad pabula nota vocantem
[…] freely / calling them and exhorting the weary bees to eat their familiar food.c. 37 BCE – 30 BCE, Vergilius, Georgicon 4.265 - adjectiveweak, enfeebled
- adjectivesick, diseased
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
quī labōre vīrēs āmīsit; dormīre cupit.fessus -a -um — in Mille Verba, Corpus Hūmānum
dēfatīgātusfessus -a -um — in IVLIANVS II: Imperium, ch. 3
dēfatīgātus, sine vīribusfessus -a -um — in Metamorphoses I, †
tired
fessus -a -um — in Viri Romae Facillimi, ch. 3, 5, 9, 19, 21, 26
Choosing the right word Döderlein's Latin Synonyms
Fatigatus · Fessus · Lassus
Fatigatus and fessus express the condition in which a man after exertion longs for rest, from subjective weariness; whereas lassus and lassatus, the condition in which a man after active employment has need of rest, from objective weakness. Cels. i. 2, 15. Exercitationis finis esse debet sudor aut certe lassitudo, quæ citra fatigationem sit. Sall. Jug. 57. Opere castrorum et prœliorum fessi lassique erant. (i. 105.)
Declension
| form | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | fessus | fessa | fessum |
| genitive | fessī | fessae | fessī |
| dative | fessō | fessae | fessō |
| accusative | fessum | fessam | fessum |
| ablative | fessō | fessā | fessō |
| vocative | fesse | fessa | fessum |
| form | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | fessī | fessae | fessa |
| genitive | fessōrum | fessārum | fessōrum |
| dative | fessīs | fessīs | fessīs |
| accusative | fessōs | fessās | fessa |
| ablative | fessīs | fessīs | fessīs |
| vocative | fessī | fessae | fessa |
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- fessus de via
- weary with travelling; way-worn.
fessus, a, um, P. a. cf. Sanscr. hā-, gahāmi, relinquo; Gr. χῖρος, χῆρα, χωρίς; Lat. ad-fatim, fatigo,
I. wearied, tired, fatigued; worn out, weak, feeble, infirm (class.; esp. freq. in poets; syn.: fatigatus, defessus, lassus, languidus).
I. Prop., of living beings:
Romani quamquam itinere atque opere castrorum et proelio fessi lassique erant, tamen, etc., Sall. J. 53, 5: de via fessus, Cic. Ac. 1, 1, 1: fessum inedia fluctibusque recreare, id. Planc. 10, 26: Veientes bello fessi, id. Div. 1, 44, 100: militiā fessae cohortes, Hor. C. 3, 4, 38: plorando fessus sum, Cic. Att. 15, 9, 1: satiate videndi, Lucr. 2, 1038: curāque viāque, Ov. M. 11, 274: somno, Tib. 1, 3, 88: malis, Ov. M. 9, 293: aetate, Verg. A. 2, 596; cf. annis, Ov. M. 9, 440: valetudinibus, Tac. H. 3, 2: fessi vomere tauri, Hor. C. 3, 13, 11: elephanti fessi aegritudine, Plin. 8, 1, 1, § 3: exercito corpore fessus, Sall. J. 71, 1; 70, 2: cum tibi librum Sollicito damus aut fesso, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 221: inde Rubos fessi pervenimus, id. S. 1, 5, 94; so, viator, id. ib. 1, 5, 17: pastor, id. C. 3, 29, 22: Graii (sc. bello), id. ib. 2, 4, 11: boves, id. Epod. 2, 63.—(b). With gen. (poet.):
fessi rerum, exhausted with events, misfortunes, Verg. A. 1, 178: fessus bellique viaeque, Stat. Th. 3, 395: trepidi rerum fessique salutis, despairing of safety, Sil. 2, 234.—With acc.: agmina fessa gradum, Sil. 4, 40.—II. Transf., of inanim. and abstr. things (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose):
alter fessum vulnere, fessum cursu trahens corpus, Liv. 1, 25, 11; cf. Hor. C. 2, 7, 18; Lucr. 4, 848: (Phoebus) qui salutari levat arte fessos Corporis artus, i. e. sick, diseased, Hor. Carm. Sec. 63: vox fessa loquendo, Ov. Tr. 3, 3, 85: fessa aetas, i. e. the weakness of age, Tac. A. 14, 33: fessa aetate Galbae, id. H. 1, 12: domus aetatis spatio ne fessa vetusto Obruat, worn out, decayed, Lucr. 3, 774; cf. id. 5, 308: cardines fessi et turbati, Plin. 36, 15, 24, § 120: (amnes) In mare deducunt fessas erroribus undas, Ov. M. 1, 582: naves, Verg. A. 1, 168; 5, 29: puppes, Ov. M. 6, 519; Tib. 2, 5, 46: carinae, Ov. M. 11, 393; id. A. A. 3, 748: vela, Prop. 3 (4), 21, 19. fessa dies, spent, i. e. drawing to a close, Stat. S. 2, 2, 48: fessae res, critical, precarious, Plin. 2, 7, 5, § 18; also, misfortunes, calamities, Verg. A. 3, 145: rebus succurite fessis, id. ib. 11, 335: deligendum esse qui fessis rebus succurreret, Tac. A. 15, 50.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
fessus adj.
2 FA-, wearied, tired, fatigued, exhausted, worn out, weak, feeble, infirm : opere castrorum, S.: fessum inediā recreare: militiā cohortes, H.: caede, V.: annis, O.: vomere tauri, H.: Rubos fessi pervenimus, H.: fessi rerum, V.: ab undis, V.— Exhausted, worn out, enfeebled, feeble : volnere corpus, L.: Corporis artūs, sick , H.: vox loquendo, O.: naves, V.: res, misfortunes , V.
Origins
Possibly for Proto-Italic *fassos, from pre-Italic *dʰH-t-tós, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeH- (“to fade, disappear”) (compare Old Irish ru-deda (“to vanish”), Old English demm (“harm”)), but this is uncertain due to both phonetic and semantic problems. Connected with Latin famēs, affatim, fatīscō, fatīgō.
Descendants
- Italianfesso